CBIS Exam Study Guide latest updated

Dementia - Answer- Must be coupled with a functional limitation in everyday life due to the cognitive change PPCS - Answer- Always includes neuropsychological assessment, psychiatric history, psychological response to previous injuries, available support system, and current coping skills Disorders of consciousness - Answer- Coma, vegetative, persistent vegetative, minimally conscious MTBI represents - Answer- 75% of all TBIs in the US MTBI symptoms resolve... - Answer- Most symptoms resolve in 2-4 weeks CTE - Answer- A rare progressive degenerative condition of the central nervous system. Diffuse axonal injury causes release of tau proteins. Blood Brain Barrier - Answer- At the vascular level harmful substances cannot pass through the membrane to harm the brain and it has its own glial cells that serve as its own immune defense and garbage disposal Aspiration - Answer- Food, liquid, or vomit inhaled into thw lungs can result in pneumonia or other respiratory infections Pressure Sores - Answer- Caused by inadequate pressure relief, prolonged positioning on one's side or buttocks, shearing of skin, casts, infections, incontinence, and poor nutrition Sleep Disturbances - Answer- 30-70% of individuals with TBI report issues and Persistent sleep difficulties may worsen over time after injury. COLDER - Answer- Character Onset Location Duration and Frequency Exacerbation Relief Fatique - Answer- Everyone experiences; subjective; multiplw tests make it difficult to measure Reliability - Answer- A reliable measure is one that measures consistently when applied to different individuals at different times Domains of cognitive functioning hierarchy - Answer- Attention Categorization Memory Processing speed Executive functions Metacognition Problems with metacognition affect - Answer- Your ability to self-monitor and use thoughts to change or improve thinking and behavior coma-emergent - Answer- Do not use consequence based programming; medication, controlling the environment, providing structure, educate family Intermittent reinforcement - Answer- A particular response sometimes produces reinforcer; examples hourly pay and slot machines Substance use disorder SUD - Answer- 10% population diagnosed Substance misuse addressed by screening and brief interventions in acute or primary care settings - Answer- Low severity TBI and low severity SUD Power of attorney - Answer- A document in which a competent person appoints another person to act for them; Broad or limited powers; may be durable; may be revoked by a guardian; medical or financial; Moral model/Religious Model - Answer- Disability is a sin, evil, or character flaw Functional Model - Answer- Most individualized and personal model; basis for current person-centered care Person centered care maintains - Answer- People can be trusted to lead their own lives; treatment provider's attitude is major factor in outcome; people have capacity for self-determination; and intervention is most effective when requested Assistive technology for cognition - Answer- Low-tech (calendars and post-its) high tech(smart phones and tablets) and complex specialized systems Individuals with disabilities education act - Answer- Federal mandate requiring public schools to provide appropriate education through special ed supports and services Most brain maturation occurs... - Answer- Birth-5 years old IEP transition plan - Answer- To address life after high school; post secondary education; vocational training; employment; adult services; living arrangements; community participation Family reports of post-injury changes to include - Answer- Changes in mood and emotional health; unequal sharing of household responibilities and lack of resources to combat BI related complications Parents of individuals with BI report... - Answer- Significantly higher rates of stress Culture - Answer- Any group that shares a theme or set of issues; can entail social mores and historical traditions and beliefs passed down from generation to generation Secondary causes of sexual dysfunction - Answer- Physical- spasticity and ataxia; cognitive- attention, memory; emotional and behavioral- depression and apathy; other- marital dysfunction and social isolation 1st stage of Case Management - Answer- Assessment Life care plan should meet certain criteria including - Answer- Be specific about expected needs over a lifetime; reflect understanding of injuries and disabilities; consider complications; include short and long term goals Cognitive rehabilitation principles - Answer- Neuroplasticity and adapability Acute measures - Answer- FIM; FAM; disabilty rating scale; the rancho los amigos level of cognitive functioning scale