ARRT Radiography Exam Review l
Fully solved 2023
*Study guide for the ARRT exam in radiography.* - CORRECT ANSWER
*Anatomy and positioning are not covered in this study guide.*
What is a tort? - CORRECT ANSWER A violation of civil law.
Torts are also known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Personal Injury Law
If a patient is apprehensive about being injured, or a radiographer causes fear in the
patient, it is known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Assault
Unlawful touching or touching without consent, harm resulting from physical contact
with the radiographer, and imaging the wrong body part or against the patients will is
known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Battery
Unjustified restraint of a patient is known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER
False Imprisonment
Exposing confidential information, improperly exposing the patients body,
inappropriately touching a patients body, or photographing a patient without their
permission is known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Invasion of Privacy
Written information that results in defamation of character or loss of reputation is
known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Libel
Orally spreading false information that results in defamation of character or loss of
reputation is known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Slander
Respondeat Superior is a legal doctrine stating the employer is held liable for an
employee's negligent act. Respondeat Superior means ________. - CORRECT
ANSWER Let the master answer.
Res Ipsa Loquitur is a legal doctrine stating that the cause of the negligence is
obvious. Res Ipsa Loquitur means ________. - CORRECT ANSWER The thing
speaks for itself.
The ARRT Standards of Ethics consists of the ________ of Ethics and the ________
of Ethics. - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Code
2) Rules
The ARRT ________ of Ethics serves as a guide for what radiographers aspire to
become as professionals. - CORRECT ANSWER Code
The ARRT ________ of Ethics are mandatory, enforceable, and carry sanctions for
violations. - CORRECT ANSWER Rules
Attempting to copy ARRT exam materials, disclosing exam questions, impersonating
a test candidate, being convicted of a crime, engaging in unprofessional conduct,
injuring a patient, misrepresenting CE units earned, violating state or federal
narcotics and controlled-substance laws, and attempting to circumvent the
certification and registration process are examples that violate the ARRT ________
of Ethics. - CORRECT ANSWER Rules
Acting in a professional manner, responding to patient needs, and supporting
colleagues and associates in providing quality patient care, practicing technology
founded upon theoretical knowledge and concepts, practicing ethical conduct
appropriate to the profession and protecting the patient's right to quality radiologic
care, and striving to improve knowledge and skills by participating in continuing
education and professional activities are examples covered under the ARRT
________ of Ethics. - CORRECT ANSWER Code
In what order should radiographic exams be scheduled? - CORRECT ANSWER
1) Fiberoptic (endoscopic) studies.
2) Radiography of the urinary tract.
3) Radiography of the biliary system.
4) Computed tomography studies.
,ARRT Radiography Exam Review l
Fully solved 2023
5) Lower GI radiographic studies.
6) Upper GI radiographic studies.
Tachycardia is having a heartbeat of more than ________ beats per minute. -
CORRECT ANSWER 100
Bradycardia is having a heartbeat of less than ________ beats per minute. -
CORRECT ANSWER 60
Diastolic blood pressure greater than ________mm/Hg indicates an increasing level
of hypertension. - CORRECT ANSWER 90
Diastolic blood pressure less than ________mm/Hg gives some indication of shock.
- CORRECT ANSWER 50
The usual oxygen flow rate through a nasal cannula is ________ L/minute. -
CORRECT ANSWER 3 to 5
Loosing large amounts of blood or plasma may result in ________ shock. -
CORRECT ANSWER Hypovolemic
When toxins are produced during massive infection causing a dramatic decrease in
blood pressure, ________ shock is suspected. - CORRECT ANSWER Septic
________ shock is when blood pools in peripheral vessels. - CORRECT ANSWER
Neurogenic
________ shock results from cardiac failure or other interference with heart function.
- CORRECT ANSWER Cardiogenic
________ shock (or ________) is a reaction to foreign proteins after injections, and
may follow injection of iodinated contrast media. - CORRECT ANSWER 1)
Allergic
2) Anaphylaxis
What are some symptoms of shock? - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Restlessness and
apprehension.
2) Accelerated pulse.
3) Pale skin.
4) Weakness.
5) Alteration in ability to think.
6) Cool, clammy skin.
7) Systolic blood pressure less than 30 mm/Hg.
What is the radiographer's response to shock? - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Stop
procedure.
2) Place patient in Trendelenburg position.
3) Call for help.
4) Determine blood pressure.
5) Administer oxygen.
6) Document time and occurrence of each symptom.
Contrast media ________ may occur in infants, or patients who have renal, cardiac
or hepatic failure. - CORRECT ANSWER Overdose
What are some reactions to anaphylactic shock? - CORRECT ANSWER 1)
Flushing
2) Hives
3) Nausea
What are some reactions to cardiovascular shock? - CORRECT ANSWER 1)
Hypotension
2) Tachycardia
3) Cardiac Arrest
,ARRT Radiography Exam Review l
Fully solved 2023
What are some other reactions that may be found as a result of contrast media
injection? - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Nausea/Vomiting
2) Sneezing
3) Sensation of Heat
4) Itching
5) Hoarseness of Voice
6) Coughing
7) Urticaria
8) Dyspnea
9) Loss of Consciousness
10) Convulsions
11) Cardiac Arrest
12) Paralysis
13) Change in Orientation
________ contains negatively and positively charged ions. - CORRECT ANSWER
Iodinated Ionic Contrast Media
________ do not ionize into separate negative and positive charges. - CORRECT
ANSWER Iodinated Nonionic Contrast Media
________ has a far lower incidence of contrast agent reactions because it is not
ionized. - CORRECT ANSWER Iodinated Nonionic Contrast Media
What is the atomic number for iodine? - CORRECT ANSWER 53
What is the atomic number for barium? - CORRECT ANSWER 56
What is the atomic number for tungsten? - CORRECT ANSWER 74
What letter represents the atomic mass number? - CORRECT ANSWER A
What letter represents the atomic number? - CORRECT ANSWER Z
In what order is venipuncture performed? - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Wash hands.
2) Put on gloves.
3) Place tourniquet in place.
4) Select vein.
5) Cleanse area.
6) Remove air from syringe/tubing.
7) Insert needle.
8) Observe blood flow into catheter.
9) Remove tourniquet.
10) Begin injection.
When handling chemicals and they are exposed to skin, the area should be washed
with cool water for at least ________ minutes. - CORRECT ANSWER 5
When handling chemicals and they splash into the eyes, the eyes should be washed
with cool water for at least ________ minutes. - CORRECT ANSWER 15
This is used to define radiation exposure or radiation delivered to a specific point. -
CORRECT ANSWER Air Kerma
Air kerma is measured in ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Gray (Gyᵃ)
This is sometimes used to measure exposure, but the preferred unit is air kerma. -
CORRECT ANSWER Coulombs/Kilogram
This is used to define the amount of energy absorbed per unit mass of tissue. -
CORRECT ANSWER Absorbed Dose
Absorbed dose is measured in ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Gray (Gyᵗ)
This is used to define the product of absorbed dose (Gy) times the radiation
weighting factor (Wᴿ). - CORRECT ANSWER Equivalent Dose
, ARRT Radiography Exam Review l
Fully solved 2023
________ takes into account the biologic impact of the type and energy of the
radiation being used. - CORRECT ANSWER Radiation weighting factor (Wᴿ).
This is used to define the estimated risk present when various tissues are irradiated.
- CORRECT ANSWER Effective Dose
Effective dose uses the ________, and takes into account the relative
radiosensitivity of the irradiated organ or body part. - CORRECT ANSWER
Tissue weighting factor (Wᵀ).
________ is the product of absorbed dose times the radiation weighting factor times
the tissue weighting factor. - CORRECT ANSWER Effective Dose
________ is the unit of effective and equivalent dose. - CORRECT ANSWER
Sievert (Sv)
The unit of radioactivity that is used to measure the quantity of radioactive material is
the ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Becquerel (Bq)
Radiation exiting the x-ray tube is known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER
Primary Radiation
X-rays that emerge from the patient and strike the image receptor, and are
composed of primary and scattered photons is known as ________. - CORRECT
ANSWER Exit or Remnant Radiation
X-ray beams that contain photons of many different energies are known as
________. - CORRECT ANSWER Heterogeneous.
What are twelve properties of x-rays? - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Highly
penetrating, invisible rays.
2) Electrically neutral.
3) Liberate minute amounts of heat.
4) Polyenergetic, heterogenous.
5) Travel in straight lines.
6) Ionize matter.
7) Cause fluorescence of certain crystals.
8) Travel at the speed of light.
9) Affect photographic film.
10) Cannot be focused by a lens.
11) Produce chemical and biologic changes.
12) Produce secondary and scatter radiation.
What occurs during Coherent Scattering? - CORRECT ANSWER The incident x-
ray interacts with an atom causing it to become excited. The atom immediately
releases this excess energy as a scattered x-ray having the same energy and
wavelength as the incident x-ray, but in a different direction.
What occurs during Compton Scattering? - CORRECT ANSWER The incident x-
ray interacts with an outer-shell electron and ejects it from the atom, ionizing the
atom. The x-ray then continues in a different direction with less energy and a longer
wavelength.
What occurs during the Photoelectric Effect? - CORRECT ANSWER The incident
x-ray interacts with an inner-shell electron and ejects it from the atom, ionizing the
atom. The x-ray is not scattered but totally absorbed, releasing all of its energy to the
ejected electron. Characteristic x-rays are then produced as outer-shell electrons fill
the void left by the inner-shell electron.
What is Bremsstrahlung Radiation? - CORRECT ANSWER Bremsstrahlung x-
rays are produced when a projectile electron is slowed by the electric field of a target
atom nucleus.
Fully solved 2023
*Study guide for the ARRT exam in radiography.* - CORRECT ANSWER
*Anatomy and positioning are not covered in this study guide.*
What is a tort? - CORRECT ANSWER A violation of civil law.
Torts are also known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Personal Injury Law
If a patient is apprehensive about being injured, or a radiographer causes fear in the
patient, it is known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Assault
Unlawful touching or touching without consent, harm resulting from physical contact
with the radiographer, and imaging the wrong body part or against the patients will is
known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Battery
Unjustified restraint of a patient is known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER
False Imprisonment
Exposing confidential information, improperly exposing the patients body,
inappropriately touching a patients body, or photographing a patient without their
permission is known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Invasion of Privacy
Written information that results in defamation of character or loss of reputation is
known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Libel
Orally spreading false information that results in defamation of character or loss of
reputation is known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Slander
Respondeat Superior is a legal doctrine stating the employer is held liable for an
employee's negligent act. Respondeat Superior means ________. - CORRECT
ANSWER Let the master answer.
Res Ipsa Loquitur is a legal doctrine stating that the cause of the negligence is
obvious. Res Ipsa Loquitur means ________. - CORRECT ANSWER The thing
speaks for itself.
The ARRT Standards of Ethics consists of the ________ of Ethics and the ________
of Ethics. - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Code
2) Rules
The ARRT ________ of Ethics serves as a guide for what radiographers aspire to
become as professionals. - CORRECT ANSWER Code
The ARRT ________ of Ethics are mandatory, enforceable, and carry sanctions for
violations. - CORRECT ANSWER Rules
Attempting to copy ARRT exam materials, disclosing exam questions, impersonating
a test candidate, being convicted of a crime, engaging in unprofessional conduct,
injuring a patient, misrepresenting CE units earned, violating state or federal
narcotics and controlled-substance laws, and attempting to circumvent the
certification and registration process are examples that violate the ARRT ________
of Ethics. - CORRECT ANSWER Rules
Acting in a professional manner, responding to patient needs, and supporting
colleagues and associates in providing quality patient care, practicing technology
founded upon theoretical knowledge and concepts, practicing ethical conduct
appropriate to the profession and protecting the patient's right to quality radiologic
care, and striving to improve knowledge and skills by participating in continuing
education and professional activities are examples covered under the ARRT
________ of Ethics. - CORRECT ANSWER Code
In what order should radiographic exams be scheduled? - CORRECT ANSWER
1) Fiberoptic (endoscopic) studies.
2) Radiography of the urinary tract.
3) Radiography of the biliary system.
4) Computed tomography studies.
,ARRT Radiography Exam Review l
Fully solved 2023
5) Lower GI radiographic studies.
6) Upper GI radiographic studies.
Tachycardia is having a heartbeat of more than ________ beats per minute. -
CORRECT ANSWER 100
Bradycardia is having a heartbeat of less than ________ beats per minute. -
CORRECT ANSWER 60
Diastolic blood pressure greater than ________mm/Hg indicates an increasing level
of hypertension. - CORRECT ANSWER 90
Diastolic blood pressure less than ________mm/Hg gives some indication of shock.
- CORRECT ANSWER 50
The usual oxygen flow rate through a nasal cannula is ________ L/minute. -
CORRECT ANSWER 3 to 5
Loosing large amounts of blood or plasma may result in ________ shock. -
CORRECT ANSWER Hypovolemic
When toxins are produced during massive infection causing a dramatic decrease in
blood pressure, ________ shock is suspected. - CORRECT ANSWER Septic
________ shock is when blood pools in peripheral vessels. - CORRECT ANSWER
Neurogenic
________ shock results from cardiac failure or other interference with heart function.
- CORRECT ANSWER Cardiogenic
________ shock (or ________) is a reaction to foreign proteins after injections, and
may follow injection of iodinated contrast media. - CORRECT ANSWER 1)
Allergic
2) Anaphylaxis
What are some symptoms of shock? - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Restlessness and
apprehension.
2) Accelerated pulse.
3) Pale skin.
4) Weakness.
5) Alteration in ability to think.
6) Cool, clammy skin.
7) Systolic blood pressure less than 30 mm/Hg.
What is the radiographer's response to shock? - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Stop
procedure.
2) Place patient in Trendelenburg position.
3) Call for help.
4) Determine blood pressure.
5) Administer oxygen.
6) Document time and occurrence of each symptom.
Contrast media ________ may occur in infants, or patients who have renal, cardiac
or hepatic failure. - CORRECT ANSWER Overdose
What are some reactions to anaphylactic shock? - CORRECT ANSWER 1)
Flushing
2) Hives
3) Nausea
What are some reactions to cardiovascular shock? - CORRECT ANSWER 1)
Hypotension
2) Tachycardia
3) Cardiac Arrest
,ARRT Radiography Exam Review l
Fully solved 2023
What are some other reactions that may be found as a result of contrast media
injection? - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Nausea/Vomiting
2) Sneezing
3) Sensation of Heat
4) Itching
5) Hoarseness of Voice
6) Coughing
7) Urticaria
8) Dyspnea
9) Loss of Consciousness
10) Convulsions
11) Cardiac Arrest
12) Paralysis
13) Change in Orientation
________ contains negatively and positively charged ions. - CORRECT ANSWER
Iodinated Ionic Contrast Media
________ do not ionize into separate negative and positive charges. - CORRECT
ANSWER Iodinated Nonionic Contrast Media
________ has a far lower incidence of contrast agent reactions because it is not
ionized. - CORRECT ANSWER Iodinated Nonionic Contrast Media
What is the atomic number for iodine? - CORRECT ANSWER 53
What is the atomic number for barium? - CORRECT ANSWER 56
What is the atomic number for tungsten? - CORRECT ANSWER 74
What letter represents the atomic mass number? - CORRECT ANSWER A
What letter represents the atomic number? - CORRECT ANSWER Z
In what order is venipuncture performed? - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Wash hands.
2) Put on gloves.
3) Place tourniquet in place.
4) Select vein.
5) Cleanse area.
6) Remove air from syringe/tubing.
7) Insert needle.
8) Observe blood flow into catheter.
9) Remove tourniquet.
10) Begin injection.
When handling chemicals and they are exposed to skin, the area should be washed
with cool water for at least ________ minutes. - CORRECT ANSWER 5
When handling chemicals and they splash into the eyes, the eyes should be washed
with cool water for at least ________ minutes. - CORRECT ANSWER 15
This is used to define radiation exposure or radiation delivered to a specific point. -
CORRECT ANSWER Air Kerma
Air kerma is measured in ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Gray (Gyᵃ)
This is sometimes used to measure exposure, but the preferred unit is air kerma. -
CORRECT ANSWER Coulombs/Kilogram
This is used to define the amount of energy absorbed per unit mass of tissue. -
CORRECT ANSWER Absorbed Dose
Absorbed dose is measured in ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Gray (Gyᵗ)
This is used to define the product of absorbed dose (Gy) times the radiation
weighting factor (Wᴿ). - CORRECT ANSWER Equivalent Dose
, ARRT Radiography Exam Review l
Fully solved 2023
________ takes into account the biologic impact of the type and energy of the
radiation being used. - CORRECT ANSWER Radiation weighting factor (Wᴿ).
This is used to define the estimated risk present when various tissues are irradiated.
- CORRECT ANSWER Effective Dose
Effective dose uses the ________, and takes into account the relative
radiosensitivity of the irradiated organ or body part. - CORRECT ANSWER
Tissue weighting factor (Wᵀ).
________ is the product of absorbed dose times the radiation weighting factor times
the tissue weighting factor. - CORRECT ANSWER Effective Dose
________ is the unit of effective and equivalent dose. - CORRECT ANSWER
Sievert (Sv)
The unit of radioactivity that is used to measure the quantity of radioactive material is
the ________. - CORRECT ANSWER Becquerel (Bq)
Radiation exiting the x-ray tube is known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER
Primary Radiation
X-rays that emerge from the patient and strike the image receptor, and are
composed of primary and scattered photons is known as ________. - CORRECT
ANSWER Exit or Remnant Radiation
X-ray beams that contain photons of many different energies are known as
________. - CORRECT ANSWER Heterogeneous.
What are twelve properties of x-rays? - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Highly
penetrating, invisible rays.
2) Electrically neutral.
3) Liberate minute amounts of heat.
4) Polyenergetic, heterogenous.
5) Travel in straight lines.
6) Ionize matter.
7) Cause fluorescence of certain crystals.
8) Travel at the speed of light.
9) Affect photographic film.
10) Cannot be focused by a lens.
11) Produce chemical and biologic changes.
12) Produce secondary and scatter radiation.
What occurs during Coherent Scattering? - CORRECT ANSWER The incident x-
ray interacts with an atom causing it to become excited. The atom immediately
releases this excess energy as a scattered x-ray having the same energy and
wavelength as the incident x-ray, but in a different direction.
What occurs during Compton Scattering? - CORRECT ANSWER The incident x-
ray interacts with an outer-shell electron and ejects it from the atom, ionizing the
atom. The x-ray then continues in a different direction with less energy and a longer
wavelength.
What occurs during the Photoelectric Effect? - CORRECT ANSWER The incident
x-ray interacts with an inner-shell electron and ejects it from the atom, ionizing the
atom. The x-ray is not scattered but totally absorbed, releasing all of its energy to the
ejected electron. Characteristic x-rays are then produced as outer-shell electrons fill
the void left by the inner-shell electron.
What is Bremsstrahlung Radiation? - CORRECT ANSWER Bremsstrahlung x-
rays are produced when a projectile electron is slowed by the electric field of a target
atom nucleus.
