NUR 2459 MENTAL HEALTH EXAM 2| 2023 VERIFIED SOLUTION

NUR 2459 MENTAL HEALTH EXAM 2Dementia: Is a syndrome with progressive deterioration in intellectual functioning. -The body has plaques and tangles within the brain that are now no longer allowing memory whether short term or long term to occur. It effects problem solving and behavior. Nursing diagnosis is when patient has memory loss and or self-care deficits. Symptoms of Dementia: • Confabulation- the creation of stories or answers in place of actual events to maintain self- esteem • Preservation- The persistent repetition of a word, phrase, or gesture. • Agraphia- The diminished ability and eventual inability to read or write. • Aphasia- The loss of language ability. • Apraxia- The loss of purposeful movement in the absence of motor or sensory impairment. • Agnosia- The loss of sensory ability to recognize objects. • Auditory agnosia- The inability to recognize familiar sounds. • Hyperorality- The tendency to taste, chew, and put everything in the mouth. • Hypermetamorphesis– The urge to touch everything. • Sundowning- The tendency for the mood to deteriorate and agitation to increase in the later part of the day or night. Sun-downing Process: At a certain time in the day (usually later in the day) (or after dinner) somewhere in that marker is the time behaviors shift; they become more confused or agitated and that is called the sun- downing process which is in STAGE 6. It is a moderate to severe decline. Confabulation: Fill a memory gap with details on fantasy, or connect between an old topic with a new top (also seen with Alzheimer’s patients) to hide their lack of memory. “Creates a story in order to keep conversation going to not look like they don’t know or are in-able” Thought Blocking: sudden cessation of a thought in the middle of a sensation “makes them agitated” (Having a conversation and then it’s gone) IMPORTANT TERMS: Aphasia: Loss of language ability. Agnosia: Loss of sensory ability to recognize objects. Apraxia: Loss of purposeful movement in the absence of motor or sensory impairment. The ability to work or care for personal needs independently will no longer be possible. Amnesia: is the most common neurobehavioral symptom following head trauma. Other symptoms may include confusion and changes in speech, vision, and personality. (The inability to recall anything that has happened during the individuals entire lifetime.) Delirium: Delirium is acute. Delirium is a disturbance in attention and awareness and change in cognition that develops rapidly over a short period. It most commonly occurs in individuals with medical, surgical, or neurological conditions. Symptoms of Delirium: • Disorganized thinking • Speech that is rambling, irrelevant, pressured, incoherent • Very distractible • Lack of focused attention • Disorientation • Impairment of recent memory • Misperceptions of the environment o illusions o hallucinations • Symptoms of delirium o Do a workup for medical potential reasons o Delirium very similar, but very quick o May have UTI that goes septic with symptoms of delirium