NURSING DL-F, Applied Nursing Research Quiz 6 2023 – Florida National University

NURSING DL-F, Applied Nursing Research Quiz 6 2023 – Florida National University. A nurse researcher is studying the well-being of people with frequent nightmares. The researcher asks early study participants if they can refer friends or family members who also have frequent nightmares. What type of sampling did the researcher use? Selected Answer: A. Snowball sampling Answers: A. Snowball sampling B. Quota sampling C. Convenience sampling D. Consecutive sampling Response Feedback: In this example of snowball sampling, the researcher used early study participants as the seeds for finding others who would be eligible for the study, that is, people with frequent nightmares. This is not an example of quota, convenience, or consecutive sampling.  Question 8 5 out of 5 points The APACHE system has been used in many nursing outcomes studies. What is the APACHE system? Selected Answer: A. A global measure of client acuity, used to adjust outcomes for client risks Answers: A. A global measure of client acuity, used to adjust outcomes for client risks B. A taxonomy of nursing outcomes C. A classification system of nursing interventions D. A taxonomy of nursing diagnoses Response Feedback : Client outcomes vary in part because of differences in client conditions and comorbidities. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) system is a global measure that can be used to control for clients’ risks for poor outcomes in outcomes research. The Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) classifies nursing interventions, and the Nursing Diagnoses Taxonomy classifies diagnoses. Nursing outcomes have also been classified (NOC).  Question 9 5 out of 5 points A researcher is collecting survey data from a random sample of nursing students using gender as the stratifying variable. A disproportionate stratified sampling plan is used to ensure an adequate amount of data from male students. What procedure should the researcher use to estimate overall population values? Selected Answer: C. Weighting Answers: A. Stratificati on B. Framing C. Weighting D. Staging Response Feedback : When the strata in a stratified random sampling plan are of greatly unequal size, as in this example because there are more female than male nursing students, disproportionate sampling can be useful for making comparisons across strata. However, the estimates need to be adjusted through weighting to arrive at overall sample values. Stratification is the procedure for dividing a population into subpopulations. Staging and framing are not terms with relevance to disproportionate sampling.  Question 10 5 out of 5 points Outcomes research is a subset of which type of research? Selected Answer: A. Health services research Answers: A. Health services research B. Practical clinical trials C. Evaluation research D. Cost-effectiveness research Response Feedback : Outcomes research is a subset of health services research, which is the broad field that examines how organizational structures and processes, health technologies, and social factors affect health care cost, quality, and accessibility. Outcomes research is not a subset of evaluation research (it should not be confused with evaluative outcome analyses), practical clinical trials, or cost-effectiveness research.  Question 11 5 out of 5 points In quantitative studies, what is a key criterion for evaluating sample quality? Selected Answer: A. How representativeness it is of the population Answers: A. How representativeness it is of the population B. How convenient it is to the researchers C. How ethically sound the recruitment strategy is D. How easy it is to recruit sample members Response Feedback : A key consideration in assessing the quality of a sample in a quantitative study is its representativeness of the population; another is the size of the sample. Ease of recruitment, convenience, and ethical appropriateness are important factors in a sampling strategy, but they do not contribute to the quality of the sample itself.  Question 12 5 out of 5 points Which statement about evaluation research is true? Selected Answer: A. Black box questions in evaluations of multicomponent programs seek to understand which components or features of the program are driving observed effects. Answers: A. Black box questions in evaluations of multicomponent programs seek to understand which components or features of the program are driving observed effects. B. Interpersonal problems are more frequently encountered in clinical trials than in evaluations. C. The researchers who undertake evaluations are usually policy makers. D. Evaluation studies typically go through the same four sequential phases as is true for clinical trial research. Response Feedback : When a program involves several distinct features or elements, evaluations may explore black box questions—that is, what is it about the program that is driving observed effects? Evaluations do not typically follow four sequential phases. Evaluations are sometimes fraught with interpersonal and organizational problems. Policy makers do not do the research—evaluations are done by skilled researchers, sometimes for the benefit of policy makers who must make decisions about programs or policies.  Question 13 5 out of 5 points A nurse researcher used a systematic sampling plan in a study of adolescents’ health-promoting activities. The desired sample size was 200. The sampling interval was 250. The first element drawn at random was 196. What would the second element be? Selected Answer: D. 44 6 Answers: A. 45 0 B. 64 6 C. 39 6 D. 44 6 Response Feedback: The sampling interval is the standard distance between sampled elements, which in this case is 250. The first element drawn (196) plus the sampling interval (250) equals 446 as the second element.  Question 14 5 out of 5 points What technique do researchers use to estimate how large a sample they need? Selected Answer: C. Power analysis Answers: A. Weighting B. Stratificatio n C. Power analysis D. Screening