NOCTI GA Engineering & Technology Study Guide with complete solutions

CAD - Answer- computer aided drafting plot plan - Answer- diagram showing everything at the project site at a set scale floor plan - Answer- diagram showing arrangement of rooms and furniture at a set scale elevation plan - Answer- diagram showing the external face of a building showing height at a set scale foundation plan - Answer- diagram showing the plane view of a structure at a set scale specification sheets - Answer- a document describing the specifications a product or property Brainstorm - Answer- A group technique for solving problems, generating ideas, stimulating creative thinking, etc. by unrestrained spontaneous participation in discussion. Client - Answer- A person using the services of a professional person or organization. Creativity - Answer- The ability to make or bring a new concept or idea into existence; marked by the ability or power to create. Criteria - Answer- A means of judging. A standard, rule, or test by which something can be judged. Constraint - Answer- 1. A limit to a design process. Constraints may be such things as appearance, funding, space, materials, and human capabilities. 2. A limitation or restriction. Design - Answer- 1. An iterative decision-making process that produces plans by which resources are converted into products or systems that meet human needs and wants or solve problems. 2. A plan or drawing produced to show the look and function or workings of something before it is built or made. 3. A decorative pattern. Design Brief - Answer- A written plan that identifies a problem to be solved, its criteria, and its constraints. Encourage thinking of all aspects of a problem before attempting a solution. Design Process - Answer- A systematic problem-solving strategy, with criteria and constraints, used to develop many possible solutions to solve a problem or satisfy human needs and wants and to winnow (narrow) down the possible solutions to one final choice. Design Statement - Answer- A part of a design brief that challenges the designer, describes what a design solution should do without describing how to solve the problem, and identifies the degree to which the solution must be executed. Designer - Answer- A person who designs any of a variety of things. This usually implies the task of creating drawings or in some ways uses visual cues to organize his or her work. Engineer - Answer- A person who is trained in and uses technological and scientific knowledge to solve practical problems. Engineering Notebook - Answer- A book in which an engineer will formally document, in chronological order, all of his/her work that is associated with a specific design project. Innovation - Answer- An improvement of an existing technological product, system, or method of doing something. Invention - Answer- A new product, system, or process that has never existed before, created by study and experimentation. Iterative - Answer- A process that repeats a series of steps over and over until the desired outcome is obtained. Valid - Answer- Well-founded on evidence and corresponds accurately to the real world. open-looped - Answer- a system that has to have input each time the system is used feedback - Answer- fourth step of a system closed-looped - Answer- a system that has feedback process - Answer- second step of a system output - Answer- third step of a system subsystem - Answer- smaller systems intergrated into a larger system What are some important resources for engineering and technology? - Answer- People,Energy, Capital(Money), Information,Tools, Machines, Materials, and Time What is a system? - Answer- a set or group of parts that all work together, all of them include input, a process and an output What is a subsystem - Answer- a system that operates as part of another system What does constraint mean? - Answer- a limit, such as appearance, budget, space, materials, or human capital in the design process. ISO - Answer- International Standards Organization ANSI - Answer- American National Standards Institute Drawing to scale - Answer- when objects are drawn at a reduced or enlarged size Multiview drawing - Answer- another term for orthographic projection Third-angle projection - Answer- the system in which the top view of a drawing is placed above the front view CAD (Computer Aided Design) - Answer- The use of a computer to assist in the process of designing a part, circuit, building, etc. Fabricate - Answer- Construct or manufacture an industrial product. Mockup - Answer- A model devised to expose its parts for study, training or testing. Model - Answer- A visual, mathematical, or three-dimensional representation in detail of an object or design, often smaller than the original. A model is often used to test ideas, make changes to a design, and to learn more about what would happen to a similar, real object. Engineering - Answer- The profession which the knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences, gained by study, experience, and practice, is applied with judgement to develop ways to use, economically, the materials and forces of nature for the benefit of mankind. Systems Model - Answer- input -> process -> output -> feedback