qma indiana|2023 LATEST UPDATE|GUARANTEED SUCCESS

Antacids Tums Amphojel, Rolaids Milk of Magnesia, Alternagel Maalox, Mylanta, Gelusil, Riopan Mylicon Antacids Action Neutralizes stomach acid. decreases the rate of gastric emptying, treats hyperacidity Antacids Use Peptic ulcer, used to treat heartburn; reflux esophagitis, gastritis, hiatal hernia. Antacids Nursing Considerations antacids may intefere with medication absorption thus shold not be given with othher meds- wait 1-2 hours. antacid effect os prolonged when medication is taken with food. chart amount and consistency of stools. Anti- Ulcer Pepcid Axid Zantac Tagamet Cytotec Protonix Other meds given before meals: Prilosec Carafate Prevacid Nexium Anti-Ulcer Action prevents the release of gastric acid to treat or prevent stomach and duodenal ulcers. Anti-Ulcer side effects Side effects are minor. High doses can cause confusion Anti-Ulcer Nursing Considerations Dissolve carafate in water. Encourage resident not to smoke, which increases gastric secretion. encourage resident to avoid: spicy forrd, caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, and carbonated beverages. Antiemetics Dramamine Tigan Antivert Compazine Phenergan Antiemetics Action supress N/V by acting on the brain control center Antiemetics Use to treat nausea and prevent vomiting Antiemetics Side effects drowsiness Antiemetics Nursing Considerations monitor B/P for hypotension Emetics Syrup of Ipecac Emetics Action induce vomiting Emetics Use used when poision has been ingested Emetics Side effects do not use when corrosive product ingested; such as, acids or alkalies, or if resident is drowsy or unconsious. The licensed nurse should contact the physician and/or posion control center before administering. Emetics Nursing considerations usually induces vomiting 20-30 minutes after adminstered. Antidiarrheals (absorbents) kaolin Pepto-Bismol pectin(from apples) Kaopectate Absorbents Action adsorb(soak up) excess fluids and bacteria Absorbents Use to treat diarrhea Absorbents Side Effects minimal constipation nausea dry mouth abdominal pain Absorbents N.C. monitor patient for constipation Antidiarrheals (OPIATES- meds that slow down intestinal motility) Paregoric Opiates Action reduces peristalsis by action on CNS and diminshes secretions Opiates Use to treat diarrhea Opiates Side effects drowsiness may be ADDICTING Gastrointestinal meds that alter motility Decrease motility: atropine sulfate Lomotil Atropine scopolamine Donnatal kaolin oectin Imodium Bentyl Enhance motility: Reglan-(give before meals rather than with food) Gastrointestinal meds that alter motility Action acts on autonomic nervous system to alter peristalsis Gastrointestinal meds that alter motility Use spastic colon: diarrhea: GERD Gastrointestinal meds that alter motility Side effects blurred vision dry mouth heart palpitations urine retention constipation Gastrointestinal meds that alter motility N.C. monitor V/S and Urinary output Cathartics (laxatives) castor oil Senekot Dulcolax Ex-Lax, Doxidam Cathartics (laxtives) Action stimulate intestinal peristalsis; usually acts in 6-8 hours when given in oral form. Cathartics (laxatives) Side Effects abdominal cramping nausea diarrhea Cathartics (laxatives) N.C. monitor for diarrhea Saline laxatives Milk of Magnesia Saline laxatives Action acts within 8 hours Saline laxatives Side effects diarrhea cramping Saline laxatives N.C. shake suspension well monitor for good fluid intake following administration of the laxative Lubricant Laxatives Mineral Oil- works within 2-6 hours. admin on an empty stomach. can give with fruit juice to disguise taste. Haley's MO Glycerin suppository- should be retained for atleast 15 minutes for best results. Lubricant Laxatives Action increases water retention in stool thereby stimulating evacuation Lubricant Laxatives Side Effects inteferes with absorbing nutrients. should not be taken at mealtime or long term resident may experience abdominal cramping Lubricant Laxatives N.C. may interfere with absorbtion of vitamins Laxatives that moisten fecal matter Surfak Colace Fiber Con Laxatives that moisten fecal matter Action Stool softener; used to promote regular mowel evacuation Laxatives that moisten fecal matter Side Effects mild abdominal cramping can cause diarrhea Laxatives that moisten fecal matter N.C. Instruct resident that it may take 1-3 days to soften stool. If resident has a routine order and is experiencing diarrhea ask nurse if medication should be given. Laxatives which increase bulk Metamucil Citrucel Laxatives which increase bulk Action Adsorbs water and expands to increase bulk and moisture content of stool.Acts within 12 hours to 3 days as the most natural, non-irritating method to relieve constipation. Laxatives which increase bulk Side Effects nausea vomiting siarrhea with excessive use esophageal, gastric, small intestine and rectal obstruction when medication is taken in dry form. Laxatives which increase bulk N.C. must be administered with at keast 8 oz. of pleasant tasting liquid: encourage an additional glass of fluid. Use sugar free formula for diabetics. Lactulose Chronulac Enulose Lactulose Action pulls fluid into the intestine, resulting in distention that promotes peristalsis. Used as a laxative. Also used in residents with liver disease Lactulose Side effects abdominal cramping diarrhea flatulence Lactulose N.C. may dilute with water or fruit jhuice or give with food to minimize sweet taste. store at room temperature Enemas Fleets Enema Enemas Side effects abdominal cramping Enemas N.C. if resident has large hemorrhoids or anal excoriation, notify the licensed nurse so that they may assess resident before enema is administered Anti-inflammatory- steroid medications Decadron Meticorten, Ornase Medrol Cortef Kenalog Anti-inflammatory- steroid medications Action and Use decreases inflammation used to treat arthritis, dermatitis, chronic respiratory conditions Anti-inflammatory- steroid medications Adverse Effects weight gain for increase appetite and edema mood swings(euphoria, depression) night sweats increased Blood sugar masks symptoms of infection slows healing elevates B/P ulcers muscle weakness hair loss Cushing's syndrome (central obesity, moon face, muscular atrophy) prolonged bleeding and increased bruising insomnia