American Red Cross First Aid, CPR, and AED Health Packet Answers Updated 2023 (Solutions Already Graded A+)

American Red Cross First Aid, CPR, and AED Health Packet Answers Updated 2023 (Solutions Already Graded A+) What is one of the most dangerous threats to a seriously ill or injured person? - unnecessary movement What is shock? List 4 signals that might indicate a person is going into shock AND list 4 steps to treat/prevent shock. - SIGNALS: -restlessness or irritability -altered level of consciousness -nausea or vomiting -pale, ashen, or graying, cool, moist skin TREATMENT/PREVENTION: -have the person lie down flat -reassure the person -help the person maintain normal body temperature -do not give the person anything to eat or drink in case their condition is severe Under normal conditions, how long can a person be without oxygen before POSSIBLE brain damage occurs? - 4-6 minutes Define respiratory distress and respiratory arrest: - Distress: a condition in which breathing becomes difficult Arrest: a condition when breathing has stopped List 4 signals that indicate a person is in respiratory distress: - -trouble breathing or no breathing -slow or rapid breathing -unusually deep or shallow breathing -gasping for breath What are the two skills used to clear on obstructed airway in conscious choking: - Adult/child: let him/her keep coughing Infant: if they cannot cry or breathe, give 5 back blows, then 5 chest thrusts In what situations do you stop giving care to a conscious choking victim? (LIST 3) - - EMS takes over -scene becomes unsafe -you are too exhausted to continue Describe the best way to check for responsiveness: - Adult/Child: tap him/her on the shoulder + ask if he/she is ok, speaking loudly Infant: tap the infant's shoulder or flick the bottom of their foot and shout When we come upon an unconscious victim we are able to see if our victim has one of these systems by checking their ____ ____ ____'s (three letters). What do these letters stand for? - ABC's- *A*irway, *B*reathing, *C*irculation In reference to our ABC's, the letter "B" means: What do we *look* for? What do we *listen* for? What do we *feel* for? - Breathing -look for the person's chest clearly rising and falling -listen for escaping air -feel for the escaping air on the side of your face An emergency involving an unconscious child is more likely a _________ emergency. - breathing An emergency involving an unconscious adult is more likely a _______ emergency. - cardiac What is the purpose of recovery position? What body systems must be working in the victim when you place him/her in the recovery position? (Otherwise you would still be treating the victim!!!!) - To keep the airway open and clear; the respiratory system must be working WHEN can behaviors/habits that may possibly harm the heart and blood vessels begin? - at any age Name four controllable risk factors that increase the risk of heart disease. - -smoking -poor diet -high cholesterol/blood pressure -overweight List 5 signals/symptoms of a heart attack. - *These vary from person to person and between men + women, but common signals include:* -chest pain/pressure/discomfort that lasts longer than 3-5 minutes and cannot be relieved -pain may spread to arm(s), upper stomach, back, etc. -pale, graying skin -dizziness or nausea -may feel unusually tired or anxious What common pain reliever can be given to a conscious person suffering a heart attack to reduce the effects of the attack while waiting for EMS to arrive? WHY? - Aspirin because it is a blood thinner + can relieve the blockage in their arteries What is the name of the four step process that increases a victim's chance of survival if followed? List the four steps. - *The Cardiac Chain of Survival* Pediatric: 1. Prevention 2. Early CPR 3. Activation of EMS system 4. Early advanced life support 5. Integrated post cardiac arrest care Adult: 1. Recognition of cardiac arrest + activation of EMS 2. Early CPR 3. Early defibrillation 4. Early advanced life support 5. Integrated post cardiac arrest care CPR stands for: - Cardiac Pulmonary Resuscitation The word "Cardio" is in reference to what organ? - Heart The word "Pulmonary" is in reference to what organ? - Lungs With these two organs in mind, what are you taking over when you perform CPR (a combination of chest compressions and rescue breaths) on a victim? - Heartbeat + Breathing WHY is the correct hand positioning important when performing CPR? Give 2 reasons. - -to perform good compressions -to prevent the breaking of a rib CPR chart - Infant Hand Position: Two or three fingers in the center of the chest (on lower half of sternum, just below nipple line) Infant Compression Depth: About 1 ½ inches until the chest clearly rises (about 1 second per breath) Infant Compression Rate: 30 chest compressions in about 18 seconds (at least 100 compressions per minute) Infant # of Breaths: 2 rescue breaths per cycle Child Hand Position: Two hands in center of chest (on lower half of sternum) Child Compression Depth: About 2 inches until the chest clearly rises (about 1 second per breath) Child Compression Rate: 30 chest compressions in about 18 seconds (at least 100 compressions per minute) Child # of Breaths: 2 rescue breaths per cycle Adult Hand Position: Two hands in center of chest (on lower half of sternum) Adult Compression Depth: About 2 inches until the chest clearly rises (at least 1 second per breath) Adult Compression Rate: 30 chest compressions in about 18 seconds (at least 100 compressions per minute) Adult # of Breaths: 2 rescue breaths per cycle What is the difference between CPR and care for an UNCONSCIOUS CHOKING victim? (hint: there is one major modification) - For unconscious choking victims, you must sweep the mouth for objects What does AED stand for? - Automated External Defibrillator By how much is the chance of survival decreased when defibrillation is delayed? - 10% every minute What is the first step in AED use? - Turn on the AED There are several AED precautions and guidelines. Briefly list and describe the 6 you feel are the most important? - -Do not use alcohol to wipe the person's chest clean: alcohol is flammable -Use pediatric pads when appropriate, but do not use them on an adult, child older than 8 years, or a person that weighs 55 lbs -Do not touch the person while the AED is analyzing bc it will disrupt analysis -Make sure no one is touching the person during/before defibrillation occurs -Do not use an AED in water or a moving vehicle -Do not use a mobile phone or radio within 6 feet of the radio bc it will disrupt analysis The AED is of combination of _____________________ and ___________________? - *Defibrillation* and *CPR* Why should you verbally (SPEAK OUT LOUD) repeat the AED? - To make sure no one is touching the person or resuscitation equipment