TNCC Physical Assessments 2023

What is the Trauma Assessment Mnemonic? - A = Airway with simultaneous cervical spine stabilization/immobilization B = Breathing C = Circulation D = Disability (neurologic status) E = Expose patient/Environmental Control F = Full set of VS/Focused Adjuncts/Facilitate Family Presence G = Give comfort measures H = History/Head-to-toe assessment I = Inspect posterior surfaces What is assessed in Airway while simultaneously protecting the cervical spine? - Assess: - Vocalization - Tongue obstructing airway - Loose teeth, foreign objects - Blood, vomitus, other secretions - Edema Interventions: - Position pt - Jaw thrust/Chin lift - Remove foreign objects - Suction blood, vomitus, secretions - Insert oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway - Needle or surgical cricothyrotomy What is assessed in Breathing? - Assess: - Spontaneous breathing - Rise and fall of chest - Rate and pattern of breathing - Use of accessory muscles/Diaphragmatic breathing - Skin color - Integrity of soft tissue and bony structures of chest wall - Bilateral breath sounds Interventions: - Supplemental oxygen - Bag-Mask ventilation - Needle thoracentesis/Decompression - Chest tube - Nonporous dsg taped on 3 sides What is assessed in Circulation? - Assess: - Palpates central pulse for rate and quality - Skin color, temperature and moisture - External bleeding Interventions: - Direct pressure over uncontrolled bleeding sites - Insert 2 large caliber IV's with warmed isotonic crystalloid solution - Infuses fluid rapidly with blood tubing - Blood sampling for typing - Blood administration - Pericardiocentesis - Emergency thoracotomy - Surgery - Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and advanced life support measures What is assessed in Disability? - Assess: - AVPU (LOC) - Pupils (PERRL) Interventions: - Perform further investigation - Hyperventilation, if indicated What is assessed in Trauma Mnemonic under "E?" - EXPOSE PATIENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL (remove clothing and keep patient warm) Assess: - Obvious wounds/Deformities - Temperature Control Interventions: - Remove clothing - Preserve clothing for evidence if indicated (don't cut through bullet wounds, use paper bags) - Cover with blankets - Warming lights - Increase ambient temperature What is assessed in Trauma Mnemonic under "F?" - FULL SET OF VS/FOCUSED ADJUNCTS/FACILITATE FAMILY PRESENCE Assess: - Obtain a complete set of vital signs - Consider the focused adjuncts - Cardiac Monitor - Pulse Oximeter - Urinary catheter if not contraindicated - Gastric tube - Laboratory studies - Facilitate family presence