Samenvatting Human Resources
Management
Prof. K. De Meulenaere
2022-2023
Christel VandenBorre
, 1. Inhoud
Hoofdstuk 1: Inleiding: organisatie & personeel .................................................................. 7
1. Inleiding (tekst Ulrich_ a new mandate for HR resources) ........................................... 7
2. Organisaties.................................................................................................... 8
3. Historische schets ............................................................................................ 8
4. Definitie van human resources management ........................................................... 9
5. Conceptueel model ......................................................................................... 10
6. Welke praktijken zorgen voor de beste resultaten? .................................................... 11
7. Hoe moet hrm aangepakt worden? (wetenschappelijke modellen) ............................... 12
Michiganmodel (1984) – de hr-cyclus .................................................................................. 12
Harvardmodel (1984) ..................................................................................................... 13
8. Hrm in de praktijk ........................................................................................... 13
Rollen van de hr professional ........................................................................................... 13
Strategisch hrm in de praktijk .......................................................................................... 15
Uitdagingen in 2023 ...................................................................................................... 15
Les 2: Personeelsplanning & werving .............................................................................. 17
1. Strategische personeelsplanning ......................................................................... 18
2. Hr - planning en flexibiliteit ............................................................................... 19
Bezettingsstrategieën .................................................................................................... 19
Hoe flexibiliteit inbouwen? .............................................................................................. 20
Numerieke flexibiliteit ................................................................................................ 20
Functionele flexibiliteit ............................................................................................... 20
3. Hr-planning stap voor stap................................................................................. 20
Onderzoeksfase ........................................................................................................... 20
Voorspellingsfase.......................................................................................................... 20
Planningsfase .............................................................................................................. 21
4. Aanwerving ................................................................................................... 22
Wat is aanwerving? ....................................................................................................... 22
Competentieprofielen .................................................................................................... 22
Aanwervingsproces: klassieke benadering vs talentmanagement ................................................. 23
Aanwervingsproces: doelgroep, kanaal, boodschap ................................................................. 23
Doelgroep................................................................................................................ 23
Kanalen .................................................................................................................. 24
Boodschap ............................................................................................................... 24
Employer branding ........................................................................................................ 24
2
, Tekst differentiëren in rekrutering ................................................................................. 25
Wat leert de wetenschappelijke literatuur over employer branding? ......................................... 26
Return on investment: link met conceptueel model (en amo), pre en post effecten ......................... 26
Dus: waarom investeren in aanwervingsproces? .................................................................. 27
5. Conclusie ...................................................................................................... 27
Les 3: Selectie en assessment ....................................................................................... 29
1. Voorbeelden van selectieprocessen ..................................................................... 30
2. Wat is selectie? ................................................................................................. 30
3. Van criterium naar (meest passende) selectietool ................................................... 31
De selectietunnel ......................................................................................................... 32
4. Selectietools .................................................................................................. 32
Sign vs sample ............................................................................................................. 32
Overzicht selectietools................................................................................................... 33
Assessment center (ac) ................................................................................................ 35
5. Wat is een goede selectietool? ........................................................................... 36
6. Onboarding.................................................................................................... 37
Wat is onboarding en waarom? ......................................................................................... 37
Hoe kan je onboarden? ................................................................................................... 37
7. Return on investment (link met conceptueel model) van een goed selectiebeleid ........... 37
8. Horizontale fit tussen personeelsplanning, werving en selectie ................................... 38
9. Gastspreker: Koen Van Raemdonck (BASF) .............................................................. 40
Les 4: doorstroom: Loopbaanmanagement ....................................................................... 41
1. Wat is een loopbaan? .......................................................................................... 41
2. Loopbaanmanagement ..................................................................................... 42
Organisationeel loopbaanmanagement ................................................................................ 42
Individueel loopbaanmanagement ..................................................................................... 43
3. Loopbaanankers (Edgar Schein) .......................................................................... 44
4. Doel van loopbaanmanagement: duurzame loopbanen creeren ................................... 45
5. Mobiliteit als voorwaarde voor duurzame loopbanen................................................ 46
6. Return on investment van loopbaanbeleid............................................................. 46
Les 4: leren en ontwikkelen ......................................................................................... 47
1. Wat is leren en ontwikkelen? ............................................................................. 47
2. Belang van leren en ontwikkelen ........................................................................ 47
3. Performantie – en potentieelmatrix..................................................................... 48
4. Hr-development (talentontwikkeling) ................................................................... 48
5. Levenslang leren in de praktijk .......................................................................... 49
3
, 6. Hr development cyclus ..................................................................................... 49
70-20-10 methode ........................................................................................................ 50
Evaluatie (model van Kirkpatrick)(pg 126)............................................................................ 50
7. Return on investment van opleidingsbeleid ........................................................... 51
Les 5: sturen op performantie ....................................................................................... 53
1. Wat is performantiemanagement? .......................................................................... 54
Definitie van individueel performantiemanagement (‘de rode draad’) .......................................... 54
2. Prestatiemanagementcyclus .............................................................................. 55
Planningsfase .............................................................................................................. 55
MBO: Management by objectives .................................................................................... 55
Opvolgingsfase............................................................................................................. 56
Evaluatiegesprek .......................................................................................................... 56
Methoden/tools/instrumenten om werknemers te evalueren .................................................. 57
Wie evalueert? .......................................................................................................... 58
Relevantie van 360° feedback (multiple rater) ................................................................... 59
Beoordelingsfouten .................................................................................................... 59
3. Return on investment van sturen op performantie .................................................. 60
Invloed op Ability ......................................................................................................... 60
Invloed op motivatie: goal setting theory (Locke & Latham) ...................................................... 60
Invloed op opportunity ................................................................................................... 61
Andere ...................................................................................................................... 61
4. Het zwarte schaap van de hr functies .................................................................. 61
Waarom werkt prestatiemanagement niet altijd? ................................................................... 62
(1) Vertalen van organisatiedoelstellingen naar werknemersdoelstellingen is in de praktijk niet
gemakkelijk ............................................................................................................. 62
(2) Smart doelen opstellen is niet gemakkelijk en soms overbodig ....................................... 62
(3) Het gebruiken van beoordelingsschalen houdt gevaren in ............................................. 62
(4) 360° feedback houdt risico’s in ............................................................................. 63
(5) Andere redenen (niet in artikel) ............................................................................ 63
Aanbevelingen uit de literatuur ........................................................................................ 63
Les 6: Belonen en waarderen ........................................................................................ 65
1. Waarom een goed loonbeleid?............................................................................... 66
2. Total Rewards ................................................................................................... 67
Typologie van lonen: 4 criteria ......................................................................................... 67
Grondslag ................................................................................................................ 67
Omkeerbaarheid ........................................................................................................ 67
4
, Niveau .................................................................................................................... 67
Meetsysteem ............................................................................................................ 67
Functielonen ............................................................................................................... 68
Prestatielonen ............................................................................................................. 70
Extralegale voordelen .................................................................................................... 71
Het cafetariaplan (flexibele voordelen) ............................................................................ 71
Ontwikkelingsmogelijkheden............................................................................................ 72
Motiverende werkomgeving ............................................................................................. 72
Wat vinden mensen het belangrijkst? ................................................................................. 73
3. Succesfactoren van een beloningsbeleid ............................................................... 73
Billijkheid .................................................................................................................. 73
Rechtvaardigheid ......................................................................................................... 73
Fit ........................................................................................................................... 74
4. Return on investment van beloningsbeleid ............................................................ 74
5. Gastspreker: payroll Vialto ................................................................................ 75
Wat is payroll? ............................................................................................................. 75
Wat moet in rekening gebracht om een loon te berekenen? ...................................................... 75
Bruto-netto overzicht .................................................................................................... 76
Voorbeeld van een loonbrief (zie bijlage) ............................................................................ 76
Internationale payroll .................................................................................................... 76
Les 7: Uitstroom ........................................................................................................ 77
1. Wat is uitstroom ............................................................................................. 78
Types verloop .............................................................................................................. 78
Verloop: niet altijd slecht nieuws ...................................................................................... 78
2. Uitstroombeleid .............................................................................................. 79
Onvrijwillig vertrek (ontslag) ........................................................................................... 79
Individueel ontslag ..................................................................................................... 79
Outplacement........................................................................................................... 80
Collectief ontslag ...................................................................................................... 81
Vrijwillig verloop (incidenteel) ......................................................................................... 84
Vrijwillig verloop managen ........................................................................................... 84
Natuurlijk verloop managen............................................................................................. 88
3. Return on investment ......................................................................................... 88
Bijlagen ................................................................................................................... 89
Podcast duurzame loopbanen ....................................................................................... 91
Podcast levenslang leren ............................................................................................. 92
5
, 6
Management
Prof. K. De Meulenaere
2022-2023
Christel VandenBorre
, 1. Inhoud
Hoofdstuk 1: Inleiding: organisatie & personeel .................................................................. 7
1. Inleiding (tekst Ulrich_ a new mandate for HR resources) ........................................... 7
2. Organisaties.................................................................................................... 8
3. Historische schets ............................................................................................ 8
4. Definitie van human resources management ........................................................... 9
5. Conceptueel model ......................................................................................... 10
6. Welke praktijken zorgen voor de beste resultaten? .................................................... 11
7. Hoe moet hrm aangepakt worden? (wetenschappelijke modellen) ............................... 12
Michiganmodel (1984) – de hr-cyclus .................................................................................. 12
Harvardmodel (1984) ..................................................................................................... 13
8. Hrm in de praktijk ........................................................................................... 13
Rollen van de hr professional ........................................................................................... 13
Strategisch hrm in de praktijk .......................................................................................... 15
Uitdagingen in 2023 ...................................................................................................... 15
Les 2: Personeelsplanning & werving .............................................................................. 17
1. Strategische personeelsplanning ......................................................................... 18
2. Hr - planning en flexibiliteit ............................................................................... 19
Bezettingsstrategieën .................................................................................................... 19
Hoe flexibiliteit inbouwen? .............................................................................................. 20
Numerieke flexibiliteit ................................................................................................ 20
Functionele flexibiliteit ............................................................................................... 20
3. Hr-planning stap voor stap................................................................................. 20
Onderzoeksfase ........................................................................................................... 20
Voorspellingsfase.......................................................................................................... 20
Planningsfase .............................................................................................................. 21
4. Aanwerving ................................................................................................... 22
Wat is aanwerving? ....................................................................................................... 22
Competentieprofielen .................................................................................................... 22
Aanwervingsproces: klassieke benadering vs talentmanagement ................................................. 23
Aanwervingsproces: doelgroep, kanaal, boodschap ................................................................. 23
Doelgroep................................................................................................................ 23
Kanalen .................................................................................................................. 24
Boodschap ............................................................................................................... 24
Employer branding ........................................................................................................ 24
2
, Tekst differentiëren in rekrutering ................................................................................. 25
Wat leert de wetenschappelijke literatuur over employer branding? ......................................... 26
Return on investment: link met conceptueel model (en amo), pre en post effecten ......................... 26
Dus: waarom investeren in aanwervingsproces? .................................................................. 27
5. Conclusie ...................................................................................................... 27
Les 3: Selectie en assessment ....................................................................................... 29
1. Voorbeelden van selectieprocessen ..................................................................... 30
2. Wat is selectie? ................................................................................................. 30
3. Van criterium naar (meest passende) selectietool ................................................... 31
De selectietunnel ......................................................................................................... 32
4. Selectietools .................................................................................................. 32
Sign vs sample ............................................................................................................. 32
Overzicht selectietools................................................................................................... 33
Assessment center (ac) ................................................................................................ 35
5. Wat is een goede selectietool? ........................................................................... 36
6. Onboarding.................................................................................................... 37
Wat is onboarding en waarom? ......................................................................................... 37
Hoe kan je onboarden? ................................................................................................... 37
7. Return on investment (link met conceptueel model) van een goed selectiebeleid ........... 37
8. Horizontale fit tussen personeelsplanning, werving en selectie ................................... 38
9. Gastspreker: Koen Van Raemdonck (BASF) .............................................................. 40
Les 4: doorstroom: Loopbaanmanagement ....................................................................... 41
1. Wat is een loopbaan? .......................................................................................... 41
2. Loopbaanmanagement ..................................................................................... 42
Organisationeel loopbaanmanagement ................................................................................ 42
Individueel loopbaanmanagement ..................................................................................... 43
3. Loopbaanankers (Edgar Schein) .......................................................................... 44
4. Doel van loopbaanmanagement: duurzame loopbanen creeren ................................... 45
5. Mobiliteit als voorwaarde voor duurzame loopbanen................................................ 46
6. Return on investment van loopbaanbeleid............................................................. 46
Les 4: leren en ontwikkelen ......................................................................................... 47
1. Wat is leren en ontwikkelen? ............................................................................. 47
2. Belang van leren en ontwikkelen ........................................................................ 47
3. Performantie – en potentieelmatrix..................................................................... 48
4. Hr-development (talentontwikkeling) ................................................................... 48
5. Levenslang leren in de praktijk .......................................................................... 49
3
, 6. Hr development cyclus ..................................................................................... 49
70-20-10 methode ........................................................................................................ 50
Evaluatie (model van Kirkpatrick)(pg 126)............................................................................ 50
7. Return on investment van opleidingsbeleid ........................................................... 51
Les 5: sturen op performantie ....................................................................................... 53
1. Wat is performantiemanagement? .......................................................................... 54
Definitie van individueel performantiemanagement (‘de rode draad’) .......................................... 54
2. Prestatiemanagementcyclus .............................................................................. 55
Planningsfase .............................................................................................................. 55
MBO: Management by objectives .................................................................................... 55
Opvolgingsfase............................................................................................................. 56
Evaluatiegesprek .......................................................................................................... 56
Methoden/tools/instrumenten om werknemers te evalueren .................................................. 57
Wie evalueert? .......................................................................................................... 58
Relevantie van 360° feedback (multiple rater) ................................................................... 59
Beoordelingsfouten .................................................................................................... 59
3. Return on investment van sturen op performantie .................................................. 60
Invloed op Ability ......................................................................................................... 60
Invloed op motivatie: goal setting theory (Locke & Latham) ...................................................... 60
Invloed op opportunity ................................................................................................... 61
Andere ...................................................................................................................... 61
4. Het zwarte schaap van de hr functies .................................................................. 61
Waarom werkt prestatiemanagement niet altijd? ................................................................... 62
(1) Vertalen van organisatiedoelstellingen naar werknemersdoelstellingen is in de praktijk niet
gemakkelijk ............................................................................................................. 62
(2) Smart doelen opstellen is niet gemakkelijk en soms overbodig ....................................... 62
(3) Het gebruiken van beoordelingsschalen houdt gevaren in ............................................. 62
(4) 360° feedback houdt risico’s in ............................................................................. 63
(5) Andere redenen (niet in artikel) ............................................................................ 63
Aanbevelingen uit de literatuur ........................................................................................ 63
Les 6: Belonen en waarderen ........................................................................................ 65
1. Waarom een goed loonbeleid?............................................................................... 66
2. Total Rewards ................................................................................................... 67
Typologie van lonen: 4 criteria ......................................................................................... 67
Grondslag ................................................................................................................ 67
Omkeerbaarheid ........................................................................................................ 67
4
, Niveau .................................................................................................................... 67
Meetsysteem ............................................................................................................ 67
Functielonen ............................................................................................................... 68
Prestatielonen ............................................................................................................. 70
Extralegale voordelen .................................................................................................... 71
Het cafetariaplan (flexibele voordelen) ............................................................................ 71
Ontwikkelingsmogelijkheden............................................................................................ 72
Motiverende werkomgeving ............................................................................................. 72
Wat vinden mensen het belangrijkst? ................................................................................. 73
3. Succesfactoren van een beloningsbeleid ............................................................... 73
Billijkheid .................................................................................................................. 73
Rechtvaardigheid ......................................................................................................... 73
Fit ........................................................................................................................... 74
4. Return on investment van beloningsbeleid ............................................................ 74
5. Gastspreker: payroll Vialto ................................................................................ 75
Wat is payroll? ............................................................................................................. 75
Wat moet in rekening gebracht om een loon te berekenen? ...................................................... 75
Bruto-netto overzicht .................................................................................................... 76
Voorbeeld van een loonbrief (zie bijlage) ............................................................................ 76
Internationale payroll .................................................................................................... 76
Les 7: Uitstroom ........................................................................................................ 77
1. Wat is uitstroom ............................................................................................. 78
Types verloop .............................................................................................................. 78
Verloop: niet altijd slecht nieuws ...................................................................................... 78
2. Uitstroombeleid .............................................................................................. 79
Onvrijwillig vertrek (ontslag) ........................................................................................... 79
Individueel ontslag ..................................................................................................... 79
Outplacement........................................................................................................... 80
Collectief ontslag ...................................................................................................... 81
Vrijwillig verloop (incidenteel) ......................................................................................... 84
Vrijwillig verloop managen ........................................................................................... 84
Natuurlijk verloop managen............................................................................................. 88
3. Return on investment ......................................................................................... 88
Bijlagen ................................................................................................................... 89
Podcast duurzame loopbanen ....................................................................................... 91
Podcast levenslang leren ............................................................................................. 92
5
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