NUR 343 final exam terms NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDERS

Cognition - System of interrelated abilities such as perception, reasoning, judgment, intuition, and memory Allows one to be aware of oneself in relation to others Memory - Facet of cognition, retaining and recalling past experiences Agnosia - failure to recognize or identify objects Aphasia - alterations in language receptive (Wernicke's)- cannot interpret what is said expressive (Broca's area)- cannot find the words to express ideas Apraxia - impaired ability to execute movement Confabulation - fabricated, distorted, or misinterpreted memories about oneself or the world Sundowning - state of confusion occurring in the late afternoon and spanning into the night PERSONALITY DISORDERS - Cluster A - odd or eccentric •Paranoid personality disorder •Schizoid personality disorder •Schizotypal personality disorder*** Cluster B - dramatic, emotional & erratic •Antisocial personality disorder*** •Borderline personality disorder*** •Histrionic personality disorder •Narcissistic personality disorder*** Cluster C - anxious or fearful •Avoidant personality disorder*** •Dependent personality disorder •Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder*** Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) - • Combines numerous cognitive and behavior therapy strategies • Core interventions include problem solving, exposure techniques, skill training, contingency management, and cognitive modification •Work to change problematic behavior Separation-Individuation - psychological birth of an infant, which occurs over a period of time when the child separates from the mother and begins to individuate Splitting - defense mechanism in which the individual is unable to integrate and accept both positive and negative feelings everything is either good or bad Manipulation - common with BPD* any behavior becomes an acceptable means of achieving the desired result ANXIETY - anxiety - greater than expected intensity based on the content of the situation compulsions - •Behaviors that are performed repeatedly, in a ritualistic fashion, with the goal of preventing or relieving anxiety and distress caused by obsessions •Performing the compulsive act temporary reduces anxiety, but because the relief is only temporary the compulsive act must be repeated •Examples: hand washing, touching things in sequence, counting things, locking & unlocking doors... defense mechanisms *** - • Automatic coping styles • Protect people from anxiety • Maintain self-image by blocking - Feelings - Conflicts - Memories •Can be healthy or unhealthy Compensation - used to counterbalance perceived deficiencies by emphasizing strengths Conversion - the unconscious transformation of anxiety into a physical symptom with no organic cause Denial - escaping unpleasant, anxiety- causing thoughts, feelings, wishes, or needs by ignoring their existence