ISSA Final Exam Questions and Answers 2023

ISSA Final Exam Questions and Answers 2023 The human body consists of? chemicals, cells, tissues Metabolism can be categorized in the following? catabolism, anabolism BMR Stands for ? basal metabolic rate A 30 minute jog would rely most heavily on which energy pathway? oxidative What is the automatic tendency to maintain a relatively constant internal environment called? homeostasis About 98% of the human body is composed of only six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium and phosphorous. (T/F) True Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell? (T/F) True The heart, arteries, and veins are part of the circulatory system? (T/F) True The ATP/CP pathway is considered aerobic? (T/F) False Non-oxidative glycolysis is reliable for: Up to 2 minutes of ATP production The primary fuel during endurance exercise is? fatty acids The main purpose of hormones is ? Alter the rate of synthesis of your cellular protein, Change the rate of enzyme activity, Change the rate of transport of nutrients through the cell wall The main purpose of digestion is? Break down food and waste elimination The main purpose of the respiratory system is? To supply oxygen to the body, To eliminate carbon dioxide in the body, To regulate the body's pH balance The human adult skeleton has how many bones? 206 T/F There are 80 bones in the Axial Skeleton? True This type of joint permits a wide range of movement in ONE plane? Hinge Joint Tendons connect bone to bone? T/F False What are extensions to muscles fibers and connect muscle to bone? Tendons The points of muscle attachment are known as the? insertion and origin The origin is the distal attachment of a muscle? T/F False These sense organs measure the strain in a muscle and can be used to pre-set the tension of muscles. Muscle spindles Myofibrils are constructed of overlapping strands of protein polymers called? actin and myosin What is the byproduct of glucose and glycogen metabolism in anaerobic muscle energetics? Lactic Acid Type 1 muscle fibers are aerobic? T/F True Type 2 muscle fibers are slow twitch muscle fibers? T/F False Cardiovascular exercise results in: Mitochondrial adaptations, capillary capacity adaptations Muscular hypertrophy is an? increase in muscle fiber size What is kinesiology? the science or study of movement, and the activity and passive structures involved. What is an example of an antagonist muscle? Triceps during a biceps curl The angle of pull is? the variance of force at different points in the range of motion of an exercise. A lever is defined as? a rigid bar that turns around an axis of rotation or fulcrum Biomechanics is: the study of movement Musculoskeletal deviations can result in? poor muscle balance, poor flexibility, and improper spinal alignment Excessive lateral curvature of the spinal column is known as? scoliosis What should be the prime focus in a fitness activities? posture The knee is stabilized on the anterior side by which muscles? Quadriceps In a concentric contraction the muscles shorten to produce movements. T/F True The antagonist muscle is one that has an action directly opposite to that of the agonist. T/F True Muscle force is broken down into the components of: magnitude, direction, application of force, line of force Newton's Third Law of Motion deals with force and its relationship to mass and acceleration. T/F False A high development of the agonist-antagonist function is essential to the development of a well-aligned and balanced body. T/F True The hamstrings muscles are a two joint muscle that act as the knee and the hip. T/F True The angle of Q represents: starting strength New trainees should ___ through the sticking point and ___ during the less strenuous portion of the lifts exhale, inhale The purpose of the general warmup is to? increase the functional potential of the body as a whole What should be considered when working on exercise machines? range of motion, adjustability, balance Strength is our ability to contract our muscles with maximum force given certain constraints. T/F True The Valsalva Maneuver involves expiring against a closed glottis and when combined with contracting muscles of the abdomen and ribcage creates rigidity in the entire torso. T/F True What are the three types of basic grip used in weight training? neutral, supinated, pronated A supinated grip would be palms down (T/F) False What are the major factors that effect strength? structural, physiological, psychoneural, environmental A pronated grip would be palms up. T/F False A neutral grip would be thumbs up (T/F) True The strength curve: Relates to any exercise, Analyzes the components of strength production, Has seven factors Aerobic fitness is defined as the capacity to take in, transport, and utilize what substance? oxygen Cross training means using several modes of training to develop a specific component of fitness. T/F True Increased temperature helps to facilitate increases in ROM. T/F True Flexibility is the ability to flex, extend or circumduct the joints through their full intended range of motion. T/F True This type of stretching facilitates an increase in muscle length through a maximum isometric contraction of the antagonist? CA Stretching If your goal is to improve range of motion, stretch to the point of? mild or moderate discomfort The Golgi tendon organ (GTO), muscle spindle and Pacinian corpuscles make up the three primary: Inhibitory proprioceptors BMI stand for: Body Mass Index BMI is used to? Describe relative height to weight and as a predictor of future disease risk Total body fat can be classified as essential and storage body fat. T/F True Ectomorphs are classified as? Slim or linear body types Body composition testing is the determination of? fat and lean compartments of the human body Stage one of the ISSA drawing-in phase is Establish yourself as a professional As future ISSA professionals we must seek first to understand our clients before we make recommendations. T/F True Communication occurs through what domain? Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the inner walls of the blood vessels. T/F True HIT stands for: high intensity training What should the weight be increased by if your client can perform 2 or more reps in the last set of two consecutive workouts? 2 to 10 percent periodization refers to how a training program is broken down into discreet time periods called macrocycles, mesocycles and microcycles (T/F) True What does DOMS stand for? delayed onset muscle soreness Maximum power will occur somewhere between 55% to 85% of 1RM (T/F) True The training zone is at what percentage of your VO2Max? 55 - 85% What does the push up or sit up tests, test? Muscular endurance Exercise intensity should be at what percentage of your VO2max? 55 - 85% Which method of determining exercise intensity correlates directly to 60 - 80% of VO2max? Karvonen Method The ISSA recommends that the intensity level of exercise be 85% to 95% of VO2 max (T/F) False What principle states that our bodies will physiologically adapt according to whether we are training aerobically or anaerobically? The SAID Principle Good nutrition should be more theoretical and not based on outcomes. T/F False What are the common limiting factors when it comes to achieving fitness related goals? genetics, exercise, mindset, nutrition What factors should you take into account when deciding on a nutrition strategy? life demands, work situation, physical activity, culture If a food is labeled "organic," it is always safe to assume that the food is healthy, nourishing, and not processed. T/F False What is the role that the liver plays in the body? synthesizes protein from amino acids ingested through food Which two things can glucose be used for? ATP production, stored as muscle glycogen _______ is the summation of all things your body does both actively and passively to burn calories in a 24-hour period? Metabolic rate, total daily energy expenditure