ABMDI Board Certification exam 2023 with 100% correct answers

Barbituates Four main categories: 1. Ultra-short-acting - used to induce surgical anesthesia 2. Short-acting 3. Intermediate-acting - used as sedative-hypnotics 4. Long-acting Butalbital Barbituate. Used in treatment of migraines. Phenobarbital Barbituate. Used as anticonvulsant. Pentobarbital Barbituate. Used to relieve intracranial pressure following trauma. Atropine Belladonna Alkaloid. Derived from certain plants including jimson weed and deadly nightshade. Used as a preanesthetic therapy to control airway secretions and as a antispasmodic to control gastrointestinal spasms. Used as an antidote in the treatment of poisoning by cholinesterase inhibitors. Also used in resuscitative attempts. Toxic effects: mydriasis, hot dry reddened skin, delirium, and hallucinations. Scopalamine Belladonna Alkaloid. Derived from jimson weed and henbane. Used as a preanesthetic, treatment of Parkinsonism, gastrointestinal disorders, and prevention of motion sickness. Toxic effects: Blurred vision, dryness of throat, dilated pupils, somnolence, mydriasis, skin flushing, hallucinations, and confusion. Benzodiazepines Belladonna Alkaloid. Used as anxiolytics, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and as preoperative sedatives. Common benzos: alprazolam, lorazepam, clonazepam, and diazepam. Extensive hepatic metabolism. Adult flies caught at the scene need to be properly stored to send to the lab. This involves placing the flies in a glass vial containing 70% isopropyl alcohol. Forensic scientists may use forensic entomology for all the following EXCEPT A. estimate the duration of the post-mortem range (PMI). B. detect drugs of abuse in maggot infested bodies. C. detect the location of the body at the time of death. D. collect DNA material left on the corpse in cases of sexual assault. E. detect volatile hydrocarbons in fire deaths. detect volatile hydrocarbons in fire deaths.