Exam (elaborations) Nurs 6531 Deck 1

What are signs & symptoms of SIADH (Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone)? - ANSWER Increased production of ADH (antidiuretic hormone), hyponatremia, concentrated urine (from excess water resorption), elevated urine osmolality, mental status changes from cerebral edema. Diabetes insipidus is associated with what sodium level? - ANSWER Hypernatremia Psychogenic polydipsia results in urine that is: - ANSWER diluted with low osmolality and hyponatremia How would you determine the cause of a patient's AKI who presents with decreased urine output, history of neurogenic bladder, chronic foley, dark urine, and Cr increase from 1.3 to 2.1 over 3 months? - ANSWER Flush the foley catheter to see if urine comes out and assess the patency of the catheter. This action will unblock clogged sediment or biofilm from chronic bacteriuria. When a female patient presents to the ER after sexual assault, what medications should be offered prior to discharge? - ANSWER Ceftriaxone, azithromycin, Plan B, and Metronidazole. Manifestations of Conn syndrome (hyperaldosteronism)? - ANSWER hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and hypertension What causes Cushing syndrome? - ANSWER Increased levels of glucocorticoids, can be exogenous (from therapy) or endogenous (from adenoma or neoplasm). Manifestations of Cushing syndrome? - ANSWER hypertension, truncal obesity, osteoporosis, skin fragility, and hyperglycemia. What differentiates primary adrenocortical insufficiency from secondary adrenocortical insufficiency? - ANSWER Skin hyperpigmentation is present in primary adrenocortical insufficiency What is Trousseau's sign? - ANSWER A carpal spasm elicited by compression of the upper arm with a BP cuff that indicates hypocalcemia.