Module 3 Exam: BIOD 151 Portage Learning Final Exam: (20233/2024) | Graded A| Questions and Verified Answers

Module 3 Exam: B OD 151 Portage Learning Final Exam: (20233/2024) | Graded A| Questions and Verified Answers Question 1 2 / 2 pts True/False: Anabolism combines smaller molecules to make larger molecules. True False Question 2 2 / 2 pts True/False: The nasopharynx is the most superior region of the pharynx. True False Question 3 2 / 2 pts True/False: The pharynx has two types of skeletal muscle: circumferential and oblique. True False ( t does not include an oblique layer) Question 4 2 / 2 pts True/False: The digestive work of salivary amylase is an example of mechanical digestion. True False (Chemical digestion) Question 5 10 / 10 pts Label the following three types of raised bumps on the tongue.Describe the purpose of type B. A: B: C: Describe B: Your Answer: A. filiform papillae B. circumvallate papillae C. fungiform papillae Describe B: One type of papillae out of three that grips food on the tongue. A: Filiform papillae B: Circumvallate papillae C: Fungiform papillae Describe B: Papillae are raised bumps on the tongue. The three types of papillae help to grip food on the tongue: circumvallate, fungiform and filiform. Circumvallate papillae contain taste buds. Question 6 0 / 4 pts Which of the following statements is true concerning glycolysis? Pyruvic acid are broken down into glucose. Five ATP molecules are formed. Correct Answer Glucose is broken down into two pyruvate molecules. Glucose is broken down into two ADP molecules. Question 7 3 / 3 pts Which of the following statements is true concerning the second stage of glucose breakdown? This is also known as proton motive force. Fermentation takes place here with oxygen present. Two additional ATP are formed along with other electron carriers. Glucose molecules are formed. Question 8 3 / 3 pts Which of the following statements is true concerning the Electron Transport System? Can proceed only anaerobically in humans Approximately a total of 2 ATP are formed. Protons are pumped out of the inner mitochondrial membrane. The proton motive force forms ADP. Question 9 10 / 10 pts Label the diagram below, including left or right. Discuss the purpose of tooth (B). A: B: C: F: Purpose of tooth type B: Your Answer: A: Mandible B: Molars C: Premolars F: Right Central ncisor Purpose of tooth type B: Purpose of molars is to crush food before swallong/digesting. A: Mandible B: Right Molar C: Right Premolar (bicuspid) F: Right Central ncisor Purpose of tooth type B: Flat molars for crushing food Question 10 2 / 2 pts Match the structure with the best description: Pancreas: Storage site for bile Attached to the soft palate Secretes juices which digest all types of foods Stores glycogen and produces urea Forms food into a bolus Question 11 5 / 5 pts Explain why a patient with liver disease would have intolerance to fatty foods. Your Answer: A patient with liver disease would have intolerance to fatty foods because the liver breaks down fat. The liver organ itself produces bile to break down the fat. f a patient have liver disease, when the liver does not produce bile then fatty foods would not be digesting properly leading to discomfort. The liver produces bile which breaks down fats. f it is not producing bile (or less bile), fats will not be broken down effectively. Question 2 5 / 5 pts Fill in the four blanks: Food enters the stomach from the A via the B sphincter. Food exits the stomach via the C sphincter into the D . Your Answer: A. esophagus B. cardiac sphincter C. pyloric sphincter D. duodenum - Food enters the stomach from the A : esophagus - via the B sphincter. cardioesophageal sphincter (or lower esophageal sphincter/ LES) - Food exits the stomach via the C : pyloric - sphincter into the D . small intestine (or duodenum) Question 13 10 / 10 pts Look carefully at the diagram below. Label the following 5 organs of the digestive system. To receive credit for the intestines you must label the specific region. 3: 4: 7: 9: 10: Your Answer: 3. stomach 4. gall bladder 7. jejunum 9. appendix 10. rectum 3: Stomach 4: Gallbladder 7: Jejunum (not small intestine) 9: Appendix (not large intestine) 10: Rectum (not large intestine) Question 14 5 / 5 pts A patient is experiencing vitamin toxicity. What type of vitamin most likely would be causing this toxicity? Explain your answer. A. Water soluble vitamin B. Fat soluble vitamin Your Answer: B. Fat soluble vitamin Fat soluble vitamins are to be stored within the human body. t is hard for the body to B. Fat soluble vitamin. Fat soluble vitamins are stored within the body’s fat stores making it harder for the body to rid itself of them. Question 15 5 / 5 pts Explain which digestive system functions are carried out by the small intestine. Your Answer: The chemical digestion system is carried out first by the small intestine. Enzymes from the pancrease juice/acid would break down macronutrients such as proteins, startch and fats. Then the mechanical digestion will produce bile as it would break down the fat into pieces. The absorbtion process would then be in effect as the food is being digested. Nutrients such as water and fats are being absorbed in the bloodstream. Digestion: Chemical and mechanical: n the small intestine chemical digestion continues as enzymes from the pancreatic juices break down starches and proteins, and begin digestion of fat. Mechanical digestion continues as bile breaks down fat into smaller pieces. Absorption: begins as digested food molecules, water and fat are absorbed into the bloodstream. Unanswered Question 16 0 / 10 pts Note: Essay answers must clearly be in your own words. Answer the following essay question: Describe parietal cells and chief cells: name their location, secretions and purposes. Your Answer: The parietal cells (located in the wall of the stomach body) secrete hydrochloric acid, generating a pH of 1.3-3.5. This very acidic pH kills many of the bacteria ingested along with food. n addition, the low pH stops the activity of salivary amylase. The secretion of hydrochloric acid is essential in the activation of pepsin. Chief cells: secrete pepsinogen. Pepsinogen (a pro-enzyme) is secreted by the chief cells in the stomach. Hydrochloric acid converts the inactive pepsinogen (secreted by the chief cells) into the active enzyme pepsin which begins the breakdown of proteins. Question 17 4 / 4 pts Match the digestive organ with the one substance it produces: Pancreas Lipase Liver Urea Mouth Salivary amylase Other ncorrect Match Options: ● Chyme ● Vitamin E ● Pepsinogen Question 18 3 / 3 pts What is the purpose of the hormone Ghrelin? ncrease hunger, decrease satiety ncrease hunger, increase satiety Decrease hunger, increase satiety Decrease hunger, decrease satiety Question 19 3 / 3 pts Which of the following statements is false? The ileocecal valve controls the entrance of chyme into to the large intestine. Taste buds are located on the surface of the mouth and the wall of the pharynx. The liver, pancreas, and tongue are considered accessory organs to the digestive system. The stomach is located along the right side of the abdomen below the diaphragm. ( t is located along the left side of the abdomen below the diaphragm) Question 20 2 / 2 pts True/False: Lipids can be divided into three categories: saturated fat, unsaturated fat, and cholesterol. True False Question 21 2 / 2 pts Match the structure with the best description: Stomach: Hangs from the cecum Connects mouth to esophagus Attaches to the greater omentum Contains the hepatic flexure Site of the ileocecal valve Question 22 2 / 2 pts Match the structure with the best description: Submucosal (layer of tissue): Made of two layers of muscle nnermost layer Secretes mucous Contains blood and lymph vessels Begins in the mouth Question 23 2 / 2 pts Match the structure with the best description: Dentin: Upper portion of gums Outermost layer Bone-like substance Hard connective tissue Contains longitudinal muscle Question 24 0 / 2 pts Match the structure with the best description: Common Bile Duct Contains lymph vessels and nerve Joins with the thoracic duct Enters the ileum Contains secretions from the pancreas Correct Answer Contains secretions from the gallbladder Quiz Score: 84 out of 100