PSY2012 Exam 1: Chapter 1-8 (all possible questions with complete solutions)

Psychology correct answers the scientific study of the mind, brain, and behavior Levels of Analysis correct answers rungs on a ladder of analysis, with lower levels tied most closely to biological influences and higher levels tied most closely to social influences Levels: social behavioral mental neurological/physiological neurochemical molecular reciprocal determinism correct answers we mutually influence each other's behavior naive realism correct answers belief that we see the world precisely as it is Empiricism correct answers the premise that knowledge should initially be acquired through observation Scientific Theory vs. Hypothesis correct answers Scientific Theory: general explanations explanation for a large number of findings in the natural world Hypothesis: specific predictions testable prediction derived from a scientific theory confirmation bias correct answers tendency to seek out evidence that supports our hypotheses and deny, dismiss, or distort evidence that contradicts them belief perseverance correct answers tendency to stick to our initial beliefs even when evidence contradicts them metaphysical claims correct answers non-testable assertions that fall outside the realm of science Pseudoscience correct answers lacks the safeguards against confirmation bias and belief perseverance that characterize science Pseudoscience warning signs correct answers - overuse of ad hoc immunizing hypothesis - lack of self correction - overreliance on anecdotes - exaggerated claims - absence of connectivity to other research