Medical Surgery Final HESI Exam Questions with Correct Answers

A client with a productive cough has obtained a sputum specimen for culture as instructed. What is the best initial nursing action? A. Administer the first dose of antibiotic therapy B. Observe the color, consistency, and amount of sputum C. Encourage the client to consume plenty of warm liquids D. Send the specimen to the lab for analysis Correct Answer B. Observe the color, consistency, and amount of sputum A client is brought to the ED by ambulance in cardiac arrest with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in progress. The client is intubated and is receiving 100% oxygen per self-inflating (ambu) bag. The nurse determines that the client is cyanotic, cold, and diaphoretic. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain? A. Breath sounds over bilateral lung fields. B. Carotid pulsation during compressions C. Deep tendon reflexes D. Core body temperature Correct Answer A. Breath sounds over bilateral lung fields. After a hospitalization for Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH), a client develops pontine myselinolysis. Which intervention should the nurse implement first? A. Reorient client to his room B. Place a patch on one eye C. Evaluate client's ability to swallow D. Perform range of motion exercises Correct Answer A. Reorient client to his room A male client with heart failure (HF) calls the clinic and reports that he cannot put his shoes on because they are too tight. Which additional information should the nurse obtain? A. What time did he take his last medications? B. Has his weight changed in the last several days? C. Is he still able to tighten his belt buckle? D. How many hours did he sleep last night? Correct Answer B. Has his weight changed in the last several days? An older adult woman with a long history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted with progressive shortness of breath and a persistent cough. She is