Bio235 Chapter 7 Test Questions with Complete Solutions

Bio235 Chapter 7 Test Questions with Complete Solutions Axial skeleton - ANSWER -Portion of the skeletal system that consists of the skull, rib cage, and vertebral column -80 bones Appendicular Skeleton - ANSWER -The portion of the skeletal system that comprises the arms, legs, pelvis, and shoulder girdle. -126 bones Short bones - ANSWER Small with irregular shapes. Found in wrist and ankle. -spongy bone except at the surface which has thin layer of compact bone tissue Flat bones - ANSWER Provide organ protection and large areas for muscle attachment. -Include skull, sternum, ribs, and shoulder blades. -thin, made of two nearly parallel plates of compact bone enclosing a layer of spongy bone Irregular Bones - ANSWER bones of the vertebrae and face Sesamoid bones - ANSWER small, rounded bones that resemble a sesame seed. they are found near joints and increase the efficiency of muscles near a joint. IE, KNEE CAP Sutural bones - ANSWER tiny irregularly shaped bones that appear within sutures of the skull Bone surface markings- fissure - ANSWER -narrow slit between adjacent parts of bones though which blood vessels or nerves pass Bone surface markings- foramen - ANSWER -opening through which blood vessels, nerves, or ligaments pass Bone surface markings- fossa - ANSWER -shallow depression Bone surface markings- sulcus - ANSWER -furrow along bone surface that accommodates blood vessel, nerve, or tendon Bone surface markings- meatus - ANSWER -tubelike opening Bone surface markings- condyle - ANSWER - large, round protuberance with a smooth articular surface at the end of bone Bone surface markings- facet - ANSWER -smooth flat, slightly concave or convex articular surface Bone surface markings- head - ANSWER - usually rounded articular projection on neck (constricted portion) of bone Bone surface markings- crest - ANSWER -prominent ridge or elongated projection Bone surface markings- epicondyle - ANSWER -typically roughened projection above condyle Bone surface markings- line - ANSWER -long narrow ridge or boarder (less prominent then crest) Bone surface markings- spinous process - ANSWER -sharp, slender projection Bone surface markings- trochanter - ANSWER -very large projection Bone surface markings-tubercle - ANSWER -variably sized rounded projection Bone surface markings- tuberosity - ANSWER -variably sized projection that has a rough, bumpy surface Skull - ANSWER -is the bony framework of the head -contains 22 bones -does not count the ear bones -cranial bones -facial bones Frontal Bone - ANSWER -forms the bone of the forehead (anterior part of cranium) -forms roofs of orbits, and most of the anterior part of the cranial floor -soon after birth, the left and right sides of the front bone are united by METOPIC SUTURE- which disappears at age 6-8 -FRONTAL SQUAMA- scale like plate of bone that forms that coronal suture -SUPRAORBITAL MARGIN- thickened bone above the eye (top of eye socket) and extends posteriorly to form the roof of the orbit.(which is part of the floor of the cranial cavity -medial to this margin (where your eyebrow starts) is a hole called SUPRAORBITAL FORAMEN, and sometimes if incomplete its called SUPRAORBITAL NOTCH