Family Nurse Practitioner Certification | FNP Review CV Terms 2023-98% Score.

Family Nurse Practitioner Certification | FNP Review CV Terms 2023-98% Score. 1. Myocardial Infarction Steady, gradually increas- ing intensity chest pain. De- scribed as squeezing, tight, crushin, heavy pressure. Provoked by exertion or eating. Often radiates to L side of neck, jaw and arm. Contin- ues to have pain at rest. Di- aphoresis with cool, clammy skin. SOB, dyspnea, weak- ness, nausea are also associ- ate. EKG to confirm. 2. Congestive Heart Failure Gradual/acute onset of dysp- nea, fatigue, dry cough and swollen feet and ankles. In- creased weight. Lungs will have bilateral crackles at bases along with S3 heart sound. Usually has history of heart problems. 3. Infective Endocarditis Bacterial infection. Pt pre- sents with fever, chills, and malaise assoc with onset of new murmur. Subungual hemorrhages, petechiae on palate, painful nodes on fingers/feet, red spots on palms/soles. 4. Dissecting Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Sudden onset of severe, sharp, excruciating pain lo- cated in abdomen, flank or Family Nurse Practitioner Certification FNP Review CV Terms 2023 2 / 13 back. Distended abdomen, hypotension. Widened medi- astinum, tracheal deviation also noted. Pulsatile abdominal mass greater than 3 cm width. Or- der abd US and CT. 5. Heart anatomy Apical pulse at 5th ICS by midclavicular line LVH displaces PMI laterally on chest Pregnancy displaces L anteri- orly, PMI slightly upward on L side of chest, may hear S3. 6. Heart sounds S1-lub, systole, mitral & tru- cuspid (AV) closing S2-dub, diastole, aortic, pul- mon, & semilunar closing S3-kentucky, diastole, abn af- ter age 35, CHF S4-tennessee, diastole, nor- mal in some elderly, LVH 7. Systolic Heart murmurs MR. ASS Mitral regurg: pansystolic, apex, radiates axilla Aortic Stenosis: midsystolic, 2nd ICS, rad neck 8. Diastolic Heart murmurs MS. ARD Aortic regurg: hi pitch, 2nd Family Nurse Practitioner Certification FNP Review CV Terms 2023 3 / 13 ICS R side Mitral stenosis: opening snap, apex 9. Graded Murmurs 1- really soft, usually lucky to hear 2- soft, milt to mod loud 3- loud, heard with stetho- scope on chest 4- louder with thrill. 5- very loud, more thrill, stethoscope near chest 6- really loud, heard without stethoscope, big thrill 10. A-Fib/Flutter Atrium fails to "beat", just vi- brates and does not contract, leaving some volume of blood in atria. 11. A-Fib/flutter Diagnosis 12 lead EKG TSH, lytes, renal function, BNP, troponin. Holter monitor Echocardiogram :Refer cardiology.