HESI Pharmacology Spring 2022 Test
Bank(LatestUpdate):Expert Solved
1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's
serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to
administer as prescribed to the client?
1. Calcium chloride
2. Calcium gluconate
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
4. Large doses of vitamin D 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
Rationale:
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for the
treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia,
large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, decreases
the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and lowering the serum calcium
concentration.
10.) The clinic nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client. The nurse notes
that the client is taking azelaic acid (Azelex). Because of the medication prescription, the
nurse would suspect that the client is being treated for:
1. Acne
2. Eczema
3. Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex 1. Acne
Rationale:
Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat mild to moderate acne. The acid appears
to work by suppressing the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and decreasing the
proliferation of keratinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
100.) Saquinavir (Invirase) is prescribed for the client who is human immunodeficiency
, virus seropositive. The nurse reinforces medication instructions and tells the client to:
1. Avoid sun exposure.
2. Eat low-calorie foods.
3. Eat foods that are low in fat.
,4. Take the medication on an empty stomach. 1. Avoid sun exposure.
, Rationale:
Saquinavir (Invirase) is an antiretroviral (protease inhibitor) used with other
antiretroviral medications to manage human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Saquinavir is administered with meals and is best absorbed if the client consumes high-
calorie, high-fat meals. Saquinavir can cause photosensitivity, and the nurse should
instruct the client to avoid sun exposure.
101.) Ketoconazole is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of candidiasis. Select the
interventions that the nurse includes when administering this medication. Select all that
apply.
1. Restrict fluid intake.
2. Instruct the client to avoid alcohol.
3. Monitor hepatic and liver function studies.
4. Administer the medication with an antacid.
5. Instruct the client to avoid exposure to the sun.
6. Administer the medication on an empty stomach. 2. Instruct the client to avoid alcohol.
3. Monitor hepatic and liver function studies.
5. Instruct the client to avoid exposure to the sun.
Rationale:
Ketoconazole is an antifungal medication. It is administered with food (not on an empty
stomach) and antacids are avoided for 2 hours after taking the medication to ensure
absorption. The medication is hepatotoxic and the nurse monitors liver function studies.
The client is instructed to avoid exposure to the sun because the medication increases
photosensitivity. The client is also instructed to avoid alcohol. There is no reason for the
client to restrict fluid intake. In fact, this could be harmful to the client.
102.) A client with human immunodeficiency virus is taking nevirapine (Viramune). The
nurse should monitor for which adverse effects of the medication? Select all that apply.
1. Rash
2. Hepatotoxicity
3. Hyperglycemia
4. Peripheral neuropathy
Bank(LatestUpdate):Expert Solved
1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's
serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to
administer as prescribed to the client?
1. Calcium chloride
2. Calcium gluconate
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
4. Large doses of vitamin D 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
Rationale:
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for the
treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia,
large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, decreases
the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and lowering the serum calcium
concentration.
10.) The clinic nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client. The nurse notes
that the client is taking azelaic acid (Azelex). Because of the medication prescription, the
nurse would suspect that the client is being treated for:
1. Acne
2. Eczema
3. Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex 1. Acne
Rationale:
Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat mild to moderate acne. The acid appears
to work by suppressing the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and decreasing the
proliferation of keratinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
100.) Saquinavir (Invirase) is prescribed for the client who is human immunodeficiency
, virus seropositive. The nurse reinforces medication instructions and tells the client to:
1. Avoid sun exposure.
2. Eat low-calorie foods.
3. Eat foods that are low in fat.
,4. Take the medication on an empty stomach. 1. Avoid sun exposure.
, Rationale:
Saquinavir (Invirase) is an antiretroviral (protease inhibitor) used with other
antiretroviral medications to manage human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Saquinavir is administered with meals and is best absorbed if the client consumes high-
calorie, high-fat meals. Saquinavir can cause photosensitivity, and the nurse should
instruct the client to avoid sun exposure.
101.) Ketoconazole is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of candidiasis. Select the
interventions that the nurse includes when administering this medication. Select all that
apply.
1. Restrict fluid intake.
2. Instruct the client to avoid alcohol.
3. Monitor hepatic and liver function studies.
4. Administer the medication with an antacid.
5. Instruct the client to avoid exposure to the sun.
6. Administer the medication on an empty stomach. 2. Instruct the client to avoid alcohol.
3. Monitor hepatic and liver function studies.
5. Instruct the client to avoid exposure to the sun.
Rationale:
Ketoconazole is an antifungal medication. It is administered with food (not on an empty
stomach) and antacids are avoided for 2 hours after taking the medication to ensure
absorption. The medication is hepatotoxic and the nurse monitors liver function studies.
The client is instructed to avoid exposure to the sun because the medication increases
photosensitivity. The client is also instructed to avoid alcohol. There is no reason for the
client to restrict fluid intake. In fact, this could be harmful to the client.
102.) A client with human immunodeficiency virus is taking nevirapine (Viramune). The
nurse should monitor for which adverse effects of the medication? Select all that apply.
1. Rash
2. Hepatotoxicity
3. Hyperglycemia
4. Peripheral neuropathy
