AP Biology Reading Guide Chapter 6: A Tour of the Cell

AP Biology Reading Guide Chapter 6: A Tour of the Cell. To study cells, biologists use microscopes and the tools of biochemistry 1. The study of cells has been limited by their small size, and so they were not seen and described until 1665, when Robert Hooke first looked at dead cells from an oak tree. His contemporary, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, crafted lenses; and with the improvements in optical aids, a new world was opened. Magnification and resolving power limit what can be seen. Explain the difference. 2. The development of electron microscopes has further opened our window on the cell and its organelles. What is considered a major disadvantage of the electron microscopes? 3. Study the electron micrographs in your text. Describe the different types of images obtained from: scanning electron microscopy (SEM) transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 4. In cell fractionation, whole cells are broken up in a blender, and this slurry is centrifuged several times. Each time, smaller and smaller cell parts are isolated. This will isolate different organelles and allow study of their biochemical activities. Which organelles are the smallest ones isolated in this procedure? Concept 6.2 Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions 5. Which two domains consist of prokaryotic cells? 6. A major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the location of their DNA. Describe this difference. Berina Omeragic Magnification: Ratio of actual size to visible size of the organism Resolving power: Clarity cells die in the process details of the surface textures details of components ribosomes. bacteria and archaea nucleoid for prokaryotic cells and nucleus for eukaryotic, The dna is contained in a eukaryotic cell, Nucleoid is just the region where the dna is located in a prokaryote