PHI208 ETHICS AND MORAL REASONING Week 1 quiz 1

PHI208 Ethics and Moral Reasoning Week 1 Quiz 1 Question 1 “Meta” can be translated as all of the following concepts EXCEPT against Question 2 Late one night over coffee, Ali and James get into a meandering conversation about the meaning and nature of love, whether anyone can ever truly love anyone else. What kind of judgments would the issues raised in this conversation be BEST described as? abstract Question 3 Tim considers himself to be a moral skeptic. What, then, does Tim use to examine moral assumptions? critical reasoning Question 4 Among the following choices, what is the best indication that a particular ethical theory is strong? It is consistent Question 5 In Plato’s Republic, what service does Glaukon do for Socrates? He forces Socrates to clarify his positions on integrity and justice. Question 6 According to the textbook, how do each of us live out answers to Socrates’s essential question? by making conscious, deliberate choices that reflect a view of what matters Question 7 Regarding human rights, the United Nations challenges the concept of cultural relativism by stating that while there are many legitimate cultural variations, all people have certain basic human rights that must be respected. Question 8 During the Las Vegas massacre, there were people at an outdoor concert who risked their lives to help total strangers. When interviewed later, their common response was, “It was the right thing to do.” What is the term for this kind of deep-down sense of what is good and right? moral intuition Question 9 Jewish law prescribes that their deceased be buried in a shroud (a tachrichim) in simple pine box with no metal parts. Muslims, however, do not bury their deceased in a casket, but rather in a shroud (a kafan) directly into an excavated grave oriented toward Mecca. The claim that each of these kinds of burial rites can be right would be an example of cultural __________. relativism Question 10 What is NOT one of the assumptions that may lead someone to avoid thinking critically about moral issues? That critical thinking and taking a stand on a moral issue is compatible with open-mindedness and intellectual humility. Question 11 A dialectical process aims at reflective equilibrium, which is best understood as a state of ____________. balance between abstract and concrete judgments Question 12 In the context of philosophy, what are claims? premises and conclusions Question 13 Which of the following questions best illustrates the concept of practical reasoning? “Where should I apply to school?” Question 14 Between what two types of judgments does a dialectical conversation move? abstract and concrete Question 15 In philosophical terms, to support a particular moral position usually implies the denial of an opposing position. Question 16 What is the primary intended purpose of dialectical reasoning? to refine judgments about abstract principles and concrete cases Question 17 All of the following are common features of skepticism EXCEPT: An attempt to formulate general ethical rules. Question 18 The text uses the metaphor of a house to explain the relationship between metaethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics. Which part of the house represents normative ethics? the framework Question 19 Which of the following is NOT one of the three major moral theories? relative ethics Question 20 Peyton and Vanessa are having an in-depth conversation about whether moral standards and concepts hold across cultures, or whether they are relative. What type of ethics are they considering? metaethics