Clep Biology Exam With Complete Solution

CLEP BIOLOGY EXAM In which of the following ways do social insects benefit most from having several types or castes within the species? - The specialized structure of each caste permits division of labor and greater efficiency The greatest diversity of structure and of methods of locomotion is exhibited in the individuals of - a phylum Of the following, which is an example of a mutualistic relationship? - The protozoan Trichonympha digesting wood in the gut of a termite Evidence that multicellular green plants may have evolved from green algae is best supported by the fact that in both - chlorophylls a and b are photosynthetic pigments All of the following statements concerning the light-capturing reactions of photosynthesis are true EXCEPT - If captured, some of the energy of the excited electrons is used to split carbon dioxide into carbon and oxygen. Which of the following statements best explains the hypothesis that the development of sexual reproduction has resulted in acceleration of the rate of evolution? - Sexual reproduction is more likely to result in genetic recombination than is asexual reproduction. A frog skeletal muscle contracts in response to an electrical stimulus. Increase of the stimulus intensity by 50 percent will increase the strength of response nearly 50 percent. If the intensity is again increased 50 percent, the response will increase only about another 25 percent. Further increase in the stimulus intensity produces no further increase in response. - The fibers of a muscle have varying thresholds for response Nitrogen-containing waste products are excreted as the result of the metabolism of which of the following? - Proteins Deposits of coal in Greenland and the Antarctic indicate that - these regions were once thickly vegetated Thirst, loss of weight, and sugar in the urine result from the undersecretion of a hormone by which of the following glands? - Pancreas Considering the role of mitochondria in cells, mitochondria would likely be most abundant in which of the following? - Cells of the heart muscle All of the following statements about enzymes are true EXCEPT - Enzymes can function only within living cells. Which of the following is critical in limiting the size to which an animal cell may grow? - The ratio of cell surface to cell volume Which of the following best describes the effect on heart action of the stimulation of the parasympathetic nerve fibers of the vagus nerve? - There is a decrease in the heartbeat rate. If poorly drained soils encourage the growth of bacteria that convert nitrate to nitrogen, the effect on higher plants will be to - decrease protein production A patient is placed on a restricted diet of water, pure cooked starch, olive oil, adequate minerals, and vitamins. If a urinalysis several weeks later reveals the presence of relatively normal amounts of urea, the urea probably came from the - deamination of cellular proteins The codon for a particular amino acid is 5'CAU3'. The DNA sequence that complements this codon is - 3'GTA5' Viral DNA would be most likely to contain genes that code for - viral-coat protein Which of the following statements about imprinting is NOT true? - The behavior pattern associated with imprinting is the result of reward or punishment. Which of the following is the final electron acceptor in the mitochondrial electron transport system? - O2 In a eukaryotic cell, glycolysis occurs in which of the following parts of the cell? - Cytosol The clotting process in blood is initiated by - platelets Which of the following membranes is correctly matched to its function? - Dura mater .. brain protection Which of the following statements best describes the movement of energy in an ecosystem? - Radiant energy is converted into chemical energy in plant photosynthesis and then released as heat energy during cellular respiration. Which of the following elements is correctly linked to its role in a living organism? - Carbon .. component of lipids Mistletoe is attached to the branches of trees such as sweet gum, from which it obtains water and some nutrients. Due to this association, tree growth may be diminished. Which of the following terms describes the relationship between the two plants? - Parasitism AMP is which type of molecule? - A nucleotide Which of the following is generally true about bacterial viruses? - They inject their nucleic acids into the cells that they infect. A typical photosynthetic eukaryotic cell contains which of the following? I. Ribosomes II. Chloroplasts III. Mitochondria - I, II, and III Which of the following pairs of organisms are most closely related? - Canis latrans and Canis lupus Which of the following is an example of a testcross? - A? x aa. The other half of the first one is unknown. The process by which a zygote is formed - Fertilization The process by which the nuclei of somatic (body) cells divide - Mitosis The process by which haploid cells are formed from diploid cells - Meiosis Birds are most closely related to which class? - Reptiles Which class includes animals that have a moist skin as the primary organ for gas exchange in the adults? - Amphibians Which class includes whales? - mammals Members of which class produce milk for their young in specialized skin glands? - mammals Which class includes snakes? - Reptiles Questions 45-47 Inheritance of certain characteristics of the fruit fly, Drosophila, is as indicated by the table below. Characteristic Dominant Recessive Body color . . . . . . . Gray Black Eye color . . . . . . . . Red White A female fruit fly had a gray body and white eyes. After being mated with a male fruit fly, she laid 112 eggs that developed into the following kinds of offspring. Number Body Eyes 28 Gray Red 29 Gray White 28 Black Red 27 Black White - 45. With respect to body color, the male parent of the 112 offspring was most probably homozygous black 46. Examination revealed that all of the 56 red-eyed offspring were females and all of the 56 whiteeyed offspring were males. This observation indicates that the gene for red or for white eye color is carried on the X chromosome 47. In this experiment, the number of offspring that exhibit both recessive characters is 27 Carbon dioxide is produced by which of the following? I. A mesophyll cell in a flowering plant during the night II. A muscle cell in a mammalian heart during contraction III. A yeast cell growing under anaerobic conditions - I, II, and III Which of the following is a function of ATP? - It transports energy. Protein synthesis is the main function of which of the following structures? - Ribosome Which of the following best explains why a pictorial presentation of the biomass at each trophic level of an ecosystem is a pyramid? - The amount of energy passed from one trophic level to the next A diet with insufficient iodine will most likely lead to which of the following symptoms in an individual? - Decreased metabolic rate Which of the following structures is correctly paired with its function? - Nephron . . filtration Excess sewage can lead to the death of aquatic animals in a lake because sewage pollution promotes - oxygen depletion The aerobic cellular respiration of glucose is different from the simple burning of glucose in that the aerobic respiration of glucose - occurs at a lower temperature A given trait occurs in two alternative types, M and m, in a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. If 49 percent of the population has only type M alleles, what percentage of the