NV Pesticide App Exam With 100% Correct Answers

The State of Nevada defines a "pesticide" (NRS 555.267) as: -ANSWER 1. "any substance or mixture of substances, including any living organisms or any product derived therefrom, or any fungicide, herbicide, insecticide, nematicide or rodenticide, intended to prevent, destroy, control, repel, attract or mitigate any insect, rodent, nematode, snail, slug, fungus and weed and any other form of plant or animal life or virus, except virus on or in living man or other animals, which is normally considered to be a pest or which the Director declares to be a pest." 2. "any substance or mixture of substances intended to be used as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant, and any other substances intended for that use as are named by the Director by regulation." Each pesticide is different and must be judged on the basis of its chemical composition and its label content and do not include any "new animal drugs." Certified Applicator -ANSWER any individual who is authorized (trained and/or tested for competency in the safe and effective handling and use of pesticides) to use or supervise the use of any pesticide that is classified as restricted use. "Under the Direct Supervision of a Certified Applicator -ANSWER unless otherwise prescribed by its labeling, a restricted use pesticide may be applied by a competent person acting under the instructions and control of a certified applicator who is available if and when needed, even though such certified applicator may not be physically present at the time and place the pesticide is applied. Immediate supervision -ANSWER supervision by a licensed applicator who is present and responsible for a person applying a pesticide for pest control. Label -ANSWER the written, printed, or graphic matter on, or attached to, the pesticide, container, device or wrapper. "To Use Any Registered Pesticide in a Manner Inconsistent with its Labeling" -ANSWER to use any pesticide in a manner not permitted by the labeling, provided that the term shall not include: a) Applying a pesticide at any dosage, concentration or frequency less than that listed on the labeling. b) Applying a pesticide against any target pest not on the labeling if the application is to a crop, animal, or site that is listed. c) Use any equipment or method of application that is not prohibited by the labeling. d) Mix a pesticide or pesticides with a fertilizer, if the labeling does not prohibit the mixture. General Use Pesticide: -ANSWER a pesticide, when applied in accordance with its directions for use, warnings and cautions and for the uses for which it is registered, which will not generally cause unreasonable adverse effects on the environment. Restricted Use Pesticide -ANSWER a pesticide, when applied in accordance with its directions for use, warnings and cautions and for the uses for which it is registered, may generally cause, without additional regulatory restrictions, unreasonable adverse effects on the environment, including injury to the applicator. Restricted Use pesticide packaging and labels are clearly distinguishable from general use pesticides by a text box stating "Restricted Use" displayed prominently on the front panel. "Pest control" -ANSWER means publicly holding oneself out as being in the business of detecting, preventing, controlling or exterminating pests or otherwise engaging in, advertising or soliciting for: a) The use for hire of pesticides or mechanical devices for the extermination, control or prevention of infestations of pests. b) The inspection for hire of households or other structures and the submission of reports of inspection, estimates or bids, written or oral, for the inspection, extermination, control or prevention of wood-destroying pests. "Primary principal" -ANSWER a principal who has been designated by a pest control business as the person responsible for the daily supervision of each category of pest control. "Principal" -ANSWER an owner, officer, partner, member or technician of a pest control business who has qualified by examination in one or more categories of pest control. "Location Principal" -ANSWER the primary principal at a business location of a pest control business or a principal who has been designated by a primary principal as the person responsible for the daily supervision of the category or categories of pest control performed at a business location of the pest control business. "Operator" -ANSWER a) Is licensed pursuant to NAC 555.360; and b) Applies a pesticide without the immediate supervision of a principal. Agent -ANSWER any person who solicits business on behalf of a custom pest control licensee. The Federal Worker Protection Standard: -ANSWER EPA has revised its regulations governing worker protection from agricultural pesticides. The scope of standards includes farm/ranch, forest, nursery and greenhouse workers. This proposal expands requirements for training, warnings about applications, personal protective equipment and re-entry restrictions and adds new provisions for decontamination, emergency medical duties, and training. The Federal Worker Protection Standard, Protections Include -ANSWER Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (handlers only). Display and exchange of information; emergency assistance. Notification of handlers and workers about pesticide applications. Providing a decontamination site for workers and handlers. Pesticide safety training for agricultural workers and handlers. Commercial Applicator Information Exchange -ANSWER Pesticide application information must be shared between the commercial applicator and the client/grower within twenty-four (24) hours prior to the pesticide application. Information to be shared includes: date and time of the application, specific location, Restricted Entry Interval (REI), notification method (posting or oral warning), EPA registration number and active ingredient of pesticide(s) to be applied. The grower, in turn, must provide the commercial applicator information regarding any REIs that are in effect within ¼ mile of the scheduled pesticide application target site, (pertains only to grower's establishment). Types and Kinds of Nevada Pest Control Licenses: -ANSWER Aerial Agricultural Ground Urban Structural Aerial -ANSWER The use of aircraft for the application of pesticides on standing or running water, agricultural crops, rangeland, forest, idle cropland and noncropland associated with the production of agricultural crops. Agricultural Ground -ANSWER The use of ground equipment for the application of pesticides on livestock, rangeland, agricultural crops, idle cropland and noncropland associated with the production of agricultural crops. Urban Structural -ANSWER The use of ground equipment for the application of pesticides in urban areas and in, on or around structures. Categories of Aerial -ANSWER (1) Insect pests—The application of insecticides, miticides and acaricides. (2) Weeds—The application of herbicides and plant regulators. (3) Desiccants and defoliants—The application of desiccants and defoliants. (4) Fungi pests—The application of fungicides, bactericides and nematicides Categories of Agricultural Ground -ANSWER (1) Insect pests—The application of insecticides, miticides and acaricides. (2) Weeds—The application of herbicides and plant regulators. (3) Desiccants and defoliants—The application of desiccants and defoliants. (4) Fungi pests—The application of fungicides, bactericides and nematicides. (5) Vertebrate pests--The application of various substances on agricultural ground for the control of vertebrate pests, including, without limitation, the use of fumigants for burrowing rodents. This category does not include the control of vertebrate pests in, on or around industrial complexes, institutional complexes, dwelling units or other structures designed for use by humans, or on ornamentals or turf in, on or around such structures. Categories of Urban and Structural -ANSWER (1) Limited landscape—The control of insect pests, vertebrate pests and plant diseases and the use of plant regulators on ornamentals and turf in urban areas, including, without limitation, fruit trees in urban areas if the fruit trees are not used for commercial purposes. (2) Industrial and institutional—The control of insect pests and vertebrate pests in, on or around industrial complexes, institutional complexes and dwelling units. (3) Structural—The control of wood-destroying pests, inspection for wood-destroying pests and inspection for conditions conducive to infestations of wood-destroying pests. - 5 - (4) Fumigation—The use of poisonous and lethal fumigants. (5) Aquatic—The control of insect pests, weeds and vertebrate pests in aquatic areas that are used or are intended for use in and around industrial complexes, institutional complexes and dwelling units. (6) Weeds—The control of weeds in the maintenance of landscapes, turf and rights-of-way, including, without limitation, public roads, power lines, pipelines and railway rights-of-way. This category does not include the control of aquatic weeds. (7) Preservation of wood—The application of pesticides directly to wood or wood products that are not a part of a habitable structure to prevent or control the degradation of the wood or wood product by a wood-destroying organism, including, without limitation, a fungus or bacterium. Insect Pests -ANSWER The application of insecticides, miticides and acaricides. Weeds -ANSWER The application of herbicides and plant regulators Dessicants and defoliants -ANSWER The application of desiccants and defoliants Fungi Pests -ANSWER The application of fungicides, bactericides and nematicides. Vertebrate pests -ANSWER The application of various substances on agricultural ground for the control of vertebrate pests, including, without limitation, the use of fumigants for burrowing rodents. This category does not include the control of vertebrate pests in, on or around industrial complexes, institutional complexes, dwelling units or other structures designed for use by humans, or on ornamentals or turf in, on or around such structures. Limited landscape -ANSWER The control of insect pests, vertebrate pests and plant diseases and the use of plant regulators on ornamentals and turf in urban areas, including, without limitation, fruit trees in urban areas if the fruit trees are not used for commercial purposes. Industrial and institutional -ANSWER The control of insect pests and vertebrate pests in, on or around industrial complexes, institutional complexes and dwelling units. Structural -ANSWER The control of wood-destroying pests, inspection for wood-destroying pests and inspection for conditions conducive to infestations of wood-destroying pests. Fumigation -ANSWER —The use of poisonous and lethal fumigants. Aquatic -ANSWER The control of insect pests, weeds and vertebrate pests in aquatic areas that are used or are intended for use in and around industrial complexes, institutional complexes and dwelling units. Weeds (in regard to urban and structural) -ANSWER The control of weeds in the maintenance of landscapes, turf and rights-of-way, including, without limitation, public roads, power lines, pipelines and railway rights-of-way. This category does not include the control of aquatic weeds. Preservation of Wood -ANSWER The application of pesticides directly to wood or wood products that are not a part of a habitable structure to prevent or control the degradation of the wood or wood product by a wood-destroying organism, including, without limitation, a fungus or bacterium. Pesticide Record Keeping Requirement: -ANSWER Licensed Pesticide Applicators: Whereas certified applicators are only required to keep records of restricted use pesticides (RUP), licensed pesticide applicators are required to keep accurate and legible written records of each pesticide application. NAC 555.410 states: 1. Keep accurate and legible records for 2 years of each property treated Aerial or Agricultural Ground Field, Pest Record Keeping Requirements -ANSWER (a) If the person is licensed in the aerial or agricultural ground field: (1) The date of the treatment. (2) The full name of the person for whom and the county where the treatment was conducted. (3) The full name of the pilot or applicator doing the treating. (4) The crop or site treated or, in the case of a spot treatment, the term "spot treatment" must be noted, followed by a description of the treatment area and the spot or spots treated. (5) The number of units treated, including, without limitation, the number of acres or miles or fraction thereof. (6) The number, name or site identification of the field. (7) The brand name or generic name of the pesticide that was applied, the registration number assigned to the pesticide by the Environmental Protection Agency and the dosage applied. (8) The purpose for which the crop, site or spot was treated. (9) The time the treatment was started and the time the treatment was finished. (10) The temperature at the start and finish of the treatment. (11) The wind velocity and wind direction at the start and finish of the treatment. Urban and Structural Field, Recording Keeping Requirements -ANSWER (1) The date of the treatment. (2) The address where the treatment was conducted. (3) The full name of the applicator. (4) The site treated, including, without limitation, the kitchen, the crawlspace beneath the structure, and the yard or area surrounding the structure. In the case of a spot treatment, the term "spot treatment" must be followed by a description of the treatment area and the spot or spots treated. (5) The brand name or generic name of the pesticide that was applied and the registration number assigned to the pesticide by the Environmental Protection Agency. (6) The total amount of any diluted pesticide and the concentration of the pesticide that was applied. (7) If the treatment is conducted in the categories of limited landscape, weeds, aquatic or fumigation: (I) The temperature at the start and finish of the treatment. (II) The wind velocity and direction at the start and finish of the treatment. (III) The area of any turf or ground treated. (IV) The purpose for which the pesticide was applied. - 6 - (V) The area or volume fumigated. (VI) The times at which fumigation started and finished. Types of Pesticides -ANSWER Insecticides are chemicals used to control insects and other related organisms, such as ticks, spiders, centipedes and mites. Often the word "insecticide" is confused with the word "pesticide"; however, it is just one of many types of pesticides. Herbicides are chemicals used to control unwanted plants (i.e. weeds). Fungicides are chemicals used to kill or inhibit fungi that cause rot, leaf spotting, blights, mildews and rusts on plants, or wood rot. Nematicides are chemicals used to control nematodes that cause certain plant diseases. Bactericides are chemicals used to kill bacteria. Some bacteria cause plant disease. Rodenticides are chemicals used to control rats, mice, and other rodents. Fumigants are gases designed to kill insects and other organisms in confined spaces. They are hazardous and require special precautions. Those who apply fumigants must be licensed in the fumigation category (category C4). - 7 - Although not usually thought of as pesticides, the following three classes of chemicals are also regulated as pesticides under both federal and state laws. Defoliants are chemicals that cause leaves or foliage to drop from plants. Desiccants are chemicals that promote drying or loss of moisture from plant tissue. Growth regulators are substances that alter the normal or expected growth of insects or plants, and/or alter insect or plant reproduction Insecticides -ANSWER chemicals used to control insects and other related organisms, such as ticks, spiders, centipedes and mites. Often the word "insecticide" is confused with the word "pesticide"; however, it is just one of many types of pesticides. Herbicides -ANSWER chemicals used to control unwanted plants (i.e. weeds). Fungicides -ANSWER chemicals used to kill or inhibit fungi that cause rot, leaf spotting, blights, mildews and rusts on plants, or wood rot. Nematicides -ANSWER chemicals used to control nematodes that cause certain plant diseases. Bactericides -ANSWER chemicals used to kill bacteria. Some bacteria cause plant disease. Rodenticides -ANSWER chemicals used to control rats, mice, and other rodents. Fumigants -ANSWER gases designed to kill insects and other organisms in confined spaces. They are hazardous and require special precautions. Those who apply fumigants must be licensed in the fumigation category (category C4). Defoliants -ANSWER chemicals that cause leaves or foliage to drop from plants. Dessicants -ANSWER chemicals that promote drying or loss of moisture from plant tissue. Growth Regulators -ANSWER substances that alter the normal or expected growth of insects or plants, and/or alter insect or plant reproduction How Pesticides Work -ANSWER Pesticides can also be grouped according to how they control pests. Read the label to find out what each pesticide will do. Selective pesticides are effective against a limited group of pests (for example, ants), as opposed to non-selective pesticides which control all related pests. For example, a non-selective insecticide will destroy all insects it contacts. Residual or persistent pesticides actively kill pests for at least a week, and in some cases several weeks or even years (usually herbicides) after application. Conversely, non-residual or non-persistent pesticides breakdown rapidly after application. Contact pesticides control the pest on contact. Contact pesticides are applied to the surface of an animal, plant, or structure. The pest is killed upon coming in contact with the pesticide. Systemic or translocated pesticides are absorbed by plants or animals, and move from the site of absorption to other tissues. For example, a systemic insecticide like Merit® is absorbed by the plant and moved throughout its tissues, killing insects that feed on it Selective Pesticides -ANSWER effective against a limited group of pests (for example, ants), as opposed to non-selective pesticides which control all related pests. For example, a non-selective insecticide will destroy all insects it contacts. Residual or Persistent Pesticides -ANSWER actively kill pests for at least a week, and in some cases several weeks or even years (usually herbicides) after application. Conversely, non-residual or non-persistent pesticides breakdown rapidly after application. Contact Pesticides -ANSWER control the pest on contact. Contact pesticides are applied to the surface of an animal, plant, or structure. The pest is killed upon coming in contact with the pesticide. Systemic or Translocated Pesticides -ANSWER absorbed by plants or animals, and move from the site of absorption to other tissues. For example, a systemic insecticide like Merit® is absorbed by the plant and moved throughout its tissues, killing insects that feed on it. The Pesticide Label -ANSWER The pesticide label is the information printed on the container, including any additional information included with the product. The label represents the best single source of information available to the applicator. The label is a "legal document". Its importance to the buyer or user can not be overstated. It is the source of facts on how the pesticide is to be legally handled and used. Pesticide Properties: -ANSWER Information contained on the pesticide label is based on scientific research conducted to register the pesticide. Information on the pesticide's properties and its human health and environmental hazards must be submitted to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for review and approval. If the pesticide is not approved, its registration application will be rejected. Physical and Chemical Properties -ANSWER Pesticide properties include solubility (the ability to dissolve) in water, volatility (the tendency to vaporize/evaporate), stability to heat and light, and factors that affect how the material will act in the environment. These properties help experts estimate whether the pesticide can accumulate in the fat tissues of humans and animals (as DDT once did), whether it is susceptible to vaporization after application, whether it will be tied up in the soil after application, and whether it will leach through certain soils. Toxicological Profile -ANSWER Toxicity tests must be performed on rats and rabbits and certain fish and birds. The tests determine pesticide toxicity to various species, and whether it produces reproductive or birth defects, mutagenic (the ability to produce genetic change), and oncogenic effects (the ability to produce tumors). Residue Analysis -ANSWER The amount of a pesticide remaining in a plant at harvest, in an animal at slaughter, or left on a surface is called residue. Because pesticides degrade at different rates in di