NUR2407/ NUR 2407 Pharmacology Exam 1 (Latest ) Rasmussen College

What nursing intervention is appropriate for a 70-year-old female patient receiving lithium? - Monitor Fluid and Sodium Intake A nurse is caring fora patient who is taking lithium for mania. The nurse’s assessment includes a notation of a lithium serum level of 2.4 mEq/L. The nurse anticipates seeing what? - clonic movements •serum levels of 2-2.5 mEq/L may produce ataxia, clonic movements, possible seizures and hypotension* The nurse administers chlorpromazine intramuscularly to the preoperative patient who is extremely anxious about surgery in the morning. What priority teaching point will the nurse provide this patient? - remain recumbent for at least 30 minutes after the injection *decreases the risk of injury if orthostatic hypotension occurs. The nurse is presenting an in-service at a children’s unit on hyperactivity. The nurse is told that a 6-year-old on the unit is being treated with methylphenidate (Ritalin), an amphetamine. The presenting nurse talks about discharge teaching for this patient and the importance of monitoring what? - weight and complete blood count *drug is associated with weight loss, bone marrow suppression, and cardiac arrhythmias The nurse is caring for a patient taking an oral neuroleptic medication, haloperidol. What is the nurse’s priority assessment to monitor for? - Tardive dyskinesia *such a common adverse effect with continued use of the drug A psychotic patient is admitted through the ED. The physician has ordered chlorpromazine (Thorazine) 25 mg intramuscularly. After administration of the medication, what is the nurse priority to evaluate? - a decrease in psychotic symptoms (purpose of administering the drug) A patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder is to be discharged home in 48 hours. The nurse has complete patient teaching regarding the use of lithium. What statement by the patient indicates an understanding of their responsibility? - i will increase my fluid intake *to maintain a therapeutic level, patient must increase fluids. decrease can lead to toxicity A patient has just been prescribed a phenothiazine. During patient teaching about this drug, what would be important for the nurse to tell the patient? - The urine can turn pink or reddish A patient on chlorpromazine is feeling better and decides they no longer need their medication. the nurse teaches the patient that abrupt withdrawal of a typical antipsychotic medication can result in what - insomnia *sudden withdrawal can cause cholinergic effects A patient’s medication has been changed to clozapine (Clozaril). The nurse evaluates this patient for which life-threatening adverse effects? - Neuroleptic malignant syndrome Haloperidol is a typical antipsychotic drug. What adverse effect is associated with this drug? - Extrapyramidal effects The pharmacology instructor is explaining to their class the difference between the typical and the atypical groups of antipsychotic drugs. What medication would the instructor explain to the students has fewer extrapyramidal effects and greater effectiveness than older antipsychotic drugs in relieving negative symptoms of schizophrenia? - Clozapine (Clozaril) *advantages include improvement of negatives symptoms without causing the EPS associated with older antipsychotic drugs The nurse, providing teaching about a typical antipsychotic newly prescribed for the patient, cautions against use of alcohol with the drug by explaining it will have what effect? - increased central nervous system (CNS) depression Degeneration in neurons that release a neurotransmitter leads to Parkinson’s disease. What neurotransmitter is involved? - Dopamine A patient is newly diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease and levodopa (Dopar) has been prescribed. What patient teaching information should be considered a high priority for this patient? - avoid vitamin B6 intake avoid grains and bran. Speeds the conversion of levodopa to dopamine before it can cross the blood brain barrier.