Summary Btec applied science unit 5 Chemistry revision booklet

,
, Acid
 A substance that releases hydrogen ions, a hydrogen iron is a proton.

Common Acids


Equation Symbols
Hydrochloric acid HCl
Nitric acid (HNO3)
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
Ethanoic acid (Ch3COOH)


Bases
 They are substances that accept taking up H+(hydrogen ions/protons),
usually to make water.
 Acid + base = salt + water
 Bases Sometimes get call proton acceptors.



Alkali
 It is a base that can dissolve in water.

 Alkalis often have a hydroxide ion, OH



Common Bases and alkalis:
 Sodium hydroxide
 Potassium hydroxide
 Ammonium hydroxide
 Sodium hydrocarbonate (bicarbonate of soda, in baking powder)


Metal oxides and hydroxides


 Both metal oxides and metal hydroxides can behave as bases.