Diagnostic Skills Exam OSCE (DSE OSCE) – 2019 Already Passed, 100% graded A+

Diagnostic Skills Exam OSCE (DSE OSCE) – 2019 Already Passed, 100% graded A+ Document Content and Description Below Diagnostic Skills Exam OSCE (DSE OSCE) – 2019 Already Passed Pre-Med required for? Correct Answer-- Prosthetic heart valves, or prosthetic material used for cardiac valve repair. - Hx of infecti ve endocarditis - cyonotic heart disease - valve regurgitation w. heart thingys (even if has transplant or was repaired already) [According to limited data, infective endocarditis appears to be more common in heart transplant recipients than in the general population; the risk of infective endocarditis is highest in the first 6 months after transplant because of endothelial disruption, high-intensity immunosuppressive therapy, frequent central venous catheter access, and frequent endomyocardial biopsies] 5 month old preggers with rheumatic fever and heart murmer: pre med? a. yes b. no (remembered) Correct Answer-b Pregnant person afraid of needles - stress management by putting patient in what position when in your chair (BEFORE they even get to the point of passing out)? (remembered) Correct Answer-place her in trundelburg position. - supine hypotension in 3rd trimester usually occurs (bc compression Inf vena cava) = must prevent this in dental chair bc it can cause patient to pass out.- Best preventative treatment for supine hypotension is to turn the patient, prefera-bly to the left side, to displace the uterus away from the inferior vena cava. The patient can also be placed in a sitting position with the knees flexed. 6 months pregnant had bleeding gums and mobile teeth? How should they be treated? (remembered) Correct Answer-conservative debridement is what other person answered. - pregnancy gingivitis: It is SO important to do ScRP (and stress good oral hygeine) to prevent plaque growth. The plaque can enter blood stream and stimuate patient's immune system to produce prostaglandins, which can trigger uterine contraction leading to early labor, premature birth, and a small baby. Pregnant lady with a diastema in between #8 and #9 with deep probing depth and class 1 mobility on 8 and 9. What is the reason for diastema? (remembered) Correct Answer-chronic perio - increased incidence of periodontal disease during pregnancy = must emphasize good oral hygiene, and remove all their plaque so it doesn't lead to premature birth / small baby. Permanent dentition with tetracycline staining, when did this happen? (remembered) Correct Answer-Patient ingested tetracycline when they were between 0 and 5 years old • Pentobarbital (Nembutal) • Secobarbital (Seconal) are what kind of drugs? Correct Answer-barbiturates - Both pentobarbital (Nembutal) and secobarbital (Seconal) are used primarily on the evening before the dental appointment.Barbiturates - how should an allergic reaction be treated? (remembered) Correct Answer-Benadryl - if its a mild-moderate allergy. - When a patient experiences a milder form of anaphylactic reaction, the drug or prepara- tion that caused a reaction is discontinued and the patient is given diphenhydramine (Benadryl), 25-50 mg/tablet PO q6h for 48-72 hr. Steroids - whats most important information you need to get from your patient when you find out they are on steroids.. before even thinking about treating them? (remembered) Correct Answer-duration and dosage. - "The rule of twos": Ask whether the patient is currently on steroids or has been on corticosteroids for 2 weeks or longer within the past 2 years. You must go back 2 years in the history because it can take 2 weeks to 2 years for the adrenal glands to bounce back to normal function. Patients _____ is the most important thing for calculating medication dosage for a child. a. age b. weight c. gender d. height (remembered) Correct Answer-bBiggest concern with down syndrome? he thought Congenital Heart Defects. - Trisomy 21 are at increased risk of cardiac defects, true. - early onset periodontal disease IS MOST SIGNIFICANT ORAL HEALTH PROBLEM; they have a lower prevalence of dental caries though. Consider prescribing Chlorhexidine or other antimicrobial agents for daily use. - When treating, consider patient's cardiac status and need for premedication (medical consult may be indicated). (remebered) Correct AnswerPatient just had a stroke. What do you need to worry about? (remembered) Correct Answer-if they are on anti-coagulants (blood thinners). - Stroke patients could be on blood thinners, such as aspirin, dipyradamole (Persan- tine), clopidogrol (Plavix), or Coumadin, postrecovery. Prior to major surgery, always consult with the patient's physician to determine whether and when the blood thinners can be stopped and subsequently restarted. - . Following a CVA that required significant hospitalization, routine dental treatment must be delayed by 6 months. - Routine dental treatment should be delayed by 3 months if the post-CVA recovery was uneventful and the patient was admitted overnight just for observation. - Avoid epinephrine containing LAs during the first 6 months of dental treatment. Subsequent use of epinephrine depends on the patient's prognosis. Epinephrine containing LAs can be used starting 1 year after the stroke, when the patient demonstrates progressive improvement of the CVA and absence of TIAs.What is the difference in anaphylaxis vs syncope? (remembered) Correct Answer-anaphylaxis has wheezing and bronchoconstriction. - anaphyalxis: intense itching, hives, flushing over the face and chest. Rhinitis, conjunctivitis, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and perspiration. Palpitation, tachycardia, sub- sternal tightness, coughing, wheezing, and dyspnea. BP drops rapidly and loss of consciousness or cardiac arrest can occur in severe cases. - syncope: fright and flight response. Anxiety, tachycardia, perspiration, light-headedness, and blurred vision are commonly experienced. The Enzyme Linked Immune Absorbent Assay (ELISA) Test - a negative response for a person who had needle stick means what? a. the patient definitely has an HIV infection b. the patient has antibodies to HIV-1 present c. the patient definitely does not have an HIV infection d. the patient has no antibodies to HIV-1 present. (remembered) Correct Answer-patient had no Abs present was answer. - The ELISA Test is "reactive" when it detects antibodies to HIV-1. Once positive, the blood is tested again to confirm that indeed the ELISA Test is positive. - Western Blot Test is more specific test. It determines size of antigens in the test kit binding to the antibodies. Blood showing a positive ELISA is subjected to the Western Blot Test. Thus, the Western Blot Test is a confirmatory testing for HIV infection. A positive Western Blot Test confirms that the patient has the HIV infection.14 y.o. patient with inflamed gingiva. Given normal ranges and then the patient's abnormal numbers for RBC, WBC, and platelets. What is wrong? (remembered) Correct Answer-Leukemia because high WBC, sore lymph nodes, and painful gums - note: WBC can be high or low for leukemia. - Gingival hypertrophy is common with leukemia. Arm rash - what drug caused it? (remembered) Correct Answer-penicillin allergy is answer Cyclosporine - side effect you need to know? Correct Answer-gingival hyperplasia (cyclosporine is an Immunodepressant used in transplant patients. ) What drug causes gingival hyperplasia? (remembered) Correct Answer-Nifedipine, Cyclosporine, Phenytoin (Dilantin) - It is best to schedule hygiene recall every 3-4 months to control the hyperplasia. cauliflower lesion on tongue is?(remembered) Correct Answer-papilloma multiple odontomas a. gardner syndrome b. gorlin syndrome (remembered) Correct Answer-a (Gardner's Syndrome (colorectal polyposis)) colorectal polyposis a. gardner syndrome b. gorlin syndrome Correct Answer-a Mucocele treatment? a. Prescribe corticosteroids b. Excise it and adjacent gland should be excised to prevent recurrence c. Must be biopsied for definitive diagnosis d. Anti-fungal medications (remembered) Correct Answer-b "Excise with salivary gland remnants" - May be self-limiting or require local excision. - on lower lip from trauma. history of increasing and decreasing in size. Mucocele - on lower lip from trauma. Correct AnswerPatient *presents* with Jaundice. Answer the following questions: (1) Which of the following do you think they probably have? a. Cirrhosis b. Hepatitis A c. Hepatitis C (2) They currently are jaundiced. What is the proper thing to do? a. Start with the examination and complete a thorough diagnostic assessment. b. Tell the patient to immediately go to the emergency room. c. Tell the patient to come back for treatment in 1 week, and you cannot treat them now. (remembered) Correct Answer-(1) B - Jaundice is common in HepA (in B its like 60% of them, and in C its really rare) (2) c - this was on remembered questions. You can treat hepA patients after 1 week. called it jaundice. Ectodermal Dysplasia - was given symptoms of no hair and missing teeth (remembered) Correct AnswerPerncious Anemia: a. Is associated with an autoimmune destruction of the parietal cells in the stomach. b. Is caused by acute or chronic blood loss. c. Both A and B Correct Answer-a - parietal cells make intrinsic facor, which is required to absorb vitamin B12 from does intrinsic factor do? (remembered) Correct Answer-required to absorb vitamin B12 from food Pernicious anemia - whats it caused by? a. Decrease in intrinsic factor, which is required to absorb vitamin B12 from food. b. Chronic use of aspirin, NSAIDs, or corticosteroids. c. A variant of hemoglobin A called hemoglobin S d. Destruction of red blood cells (remembered) Correct Answer-a - The Shilling's test is performed to evaluate vitamin B12 absorption, and it is most commonly used to evaluate patients having pernicious anemia. What is hemolytic anemia? a. An autoimmune destruction of the parietal cells in the stomach. b. A genetic defect in which there is a variant of hemoglobin A called hemoglobin S c. A condition in which red blood cells are destroyed and removed from the bloodstream before their normal lifespan is over d. A condition in which folic acid is deficient and the patient presents with neurologic symptoms. (remembered) Correct Answer-c. ALSO know about Folate deficiency - neurologic symptoms!Hereditary Telegnastia is associated with... a. B12 deficiency b. Pernicious Anemia c. Iron Deficiency d. Hypertension (remembered) Correct Answer-Fe deficiency (Iron deficiency Anemia) picture of pt that didn't like look of canine/PM and asked what it was - Hypoplasia (remembered) Correct AnswerFacial erosion on teeth due to? (given image) (remembered) Correct Answer-acidic beverages facial erosion = due to acidic beverages Correct AnswerAmelognesis Imperfecta (xray) (remembered) Correct AnswerAmelogenesis Imperfecta Correct AnswerDentinogenesis imperfecta - Bulbous crowns, cervical constriction, thin roots, early obliteration of root canals & pulp chambers Correct AnswerOnce thought to be associated with BLUE SCLERA and multiple bone fractures a. hemolytic anemia b. grave's disease c. pernicious anemia d. dentinogenesis imperfecta (remembered) Correct Answer-d - they give an eye picture and ask what dental findings should you see If they give you a picture of eyes and ask what dental findings you expect to see - whats the answer? Correct Answer-dentinogenesis imperfecta (blue sclera is the eye pic) All of the following are Hyperthyroid symptoms except? a. fatigue b. exopthalamus c. tachycardia d. tremor of extremities (remembered) Correct Answer-a Large space (diastema) between #11 and #12. What do you do? a. place implant b. removable partial denture c. fixed partial denture (bridge) d. do nothing(remembered) Correct Answer-d - "leave it alone" What is the greatest problem (disadvantage) with resin bonded bridges (Maryland Bridge)? a. staining b. debonding c. fracture d. less tooth reduction (remembered) Correct Answer-b Gutta percha is made out of? a. barium salts b. zinc oxide c. silicate dioxide d. graliam prema Correct Answer-b Drug that increase the concentration of lidocaine in the blood? a. Prozac b. Asprin c. Propanalol Correct Answer-c Advantage of a maryland bridge? a. staining b. debonding c. fractured. less tooth reduction Correct Answer-d The minimal axial reduction for crowns is? a. 0.5mm b. 1.0mm c. 1.5mm d. 2.0mm (remembered) Correct Answer-c - i think they are talking about PFM here: Metal coping: 0.3 - 0.5 mm & Porcelain: 0.7 - 1.0 mm Best initial treatment for Maxillary oroantro fistula? a. antibiotics b. irrigation c. pack with gauze d. two of the above Correct Answer-d - antibiotics and irrigation Drug taken for arthritis? a. Propranolol b. Benadryl c. Naproxene d. Aleve Correct Answer-c In order to improve gingival health, what must you do to temporary crown?a. overcontour b. undercontour (remembered) Correct Answer-Under contour (bulbous crowns are not good for gingiva) **Advantage of under contoured temporary crowns? a. allows adequate material to resist occlusal forces b. improves health of gingival tissues c. saves the patient money Correct Answer-improves health of gingival tissues X-rays show many well demarcated PARL's - Next step? a. initiate root canal therapy b. perform pulp testing c. incision and drainage d. extract Correct Answer-b PFM crown - whats the occlusal reduction? a. 0.5mm b. 1.0mm c. 1.5mm d. 2.0mm (remembered Correct Answer-d Crown on #9 needs to be replaced. What measurement is correct?(remembered) Correct Answer-2mm occlusal reduction In order to preserve biological width, you want the crown margin to be ___mm above the alveolar crest. (tufts material) Correct Answer-2mm above crest. And in case of crown lengthening, 3mm from the bone. Principles of tooth preparation - it should be your goal to prepare the tooth with: a. maximal taper b. minimal taper (tufts material) Correct Answer-b - you want the taper, but you want to conserve tooth structure. What is the maximum amount of unsupported porcelain allowed? ("Minimum thickness for porcelain") (remembered) Correct Answer-2mm The most important treatment for ANUG is? a. antibiotics: chlorohexidine rinse b. debridement c. patient understanding the importance of oral hygeine d. explaining to the patient the link between oral health and systemic health(remembered) Correct Answer-b What is Gingivectomy used for? a. gingival hyertrophy b. gingival hyperplasia c. gingival recession d. hemostasis (remembered) Correct Answer-b What is the treatment for a patient with a liver clot? a. prescribe antibiotics b. irrigate c. apply pressure then re-assess d. two of the above (remembered) Correct Answer-Irrigate, apply pressure, reassess (liver clot-unstable and often large, friable clot commonly forming in mucous membranes. Usually lead to excessive bleeding and abnormal wound healing.) Picture of Upper and lower complete arch crowns. What is wrong?(remembered) Correct Answer-impingement on gums/gums h