Apush Ap Exam With Complete Solutions

Chesapeake Bay Area - ANSWER-majority of migrants who moves there were indentured servants, economy based on tobacco, few women, less democratic Deism - ANSWER-the belief that God had created the world but allowed it to operate through the laws of nature exodusters - ANSWER-african americans who fled the violence of the Reconstruction South in 1879 and 1880 to start a new in Kansas (west) scalawags - ANSWER-term used by southerners in the reconstruction era for fellow southerners who either supported republican reconstruction policies or gained economically as a result of these policies, A derogatory term for Southerners who were working with the North to buy up land from desperate Southerners new south advocates - ANSWER-recovering from the devastation from the Civil War, promoted a self-sufficient southern economy built on modern capitalist values, industrial growth, and improved transportation--supported expansion of southern industry open door policy - ANSWER-policy that China should be open to trade with all of the major powers, including the US, should have equal rights to trade there. This was the official position toward China as announced by secretary of state john hay in 1899. To protect US economic interests in China Greenback Labor Party - ANSWER-political party of the 1870s and early 1800s, supported that govt should put more money in circulation and supported 8-hr work day and female suffrage. received support from farmers. argued that more greenbacks should be put in circulation to help farmers who were in debt socialist party - ANSWER-3rd party that gained popularity in the early 1900s. dedicated to the welfare of the working class. called for more radical reforms than the progressives favored: public ownership of the railroad, utilities, and even major industries such as oil and steel progressive party - ANSWER-called for reforming city government, better conditions for urban workers, the education of newly arrived immigrants, and the regulation of big businesses; use government power to regulate industrial production and labor conditions Palmer Raids - ANSWER-related to the fear of communism and radicalism; part of the red scare; measure to hunt out political radicals and immigrants who were potential threats to American Security. These raids let to the arrest of nearly 5,000 people and the deportation of nearly 400 Rachel Carson's "Silent Spring" - ANSWER-1962 book that helped launch the national environmental movement Missouri Compromise - ANSWER-an effort to maintain a balance between free and slave states; admitted Maine to the Union as a free state, Missouri to the Union as a slave stated, and stated that any part of the Louisiana Territory north of 36 degrees, 30 minutes would be non-slave territory; a victory for antislavery advocates b/c it closed most of the Louisiana Purchase to slavery Monroe Doctrine - ANSWER-maintained that European powers should not pursue any future colonization in the Americas; stated that the Western Hemisphere was the hemisphere of the US and not of Europe Frederick Jackson Turner - ANSWER-wrote the frontier thesis which states that the frontier experience played an essential role in shaping the unique character of American society. It promotes independence and individualism. It was a key factor in the development of American individualism and democracy transcendentalism - ANSWER-Emerson and Thoreau. Argued for a mystical and intuitive way of thinking as a means for discovering one's inner self and looking for the essence of God in nature. Suggesting that artistic expression was more important than the pursuit of wealth Social Gospel - ANSWER-late 19th century; preaching that all true Christians should be concerned with the plight of immigrants and other poor residents of American cities and should financially support efforts to improve the lives o there poor people--- settlement houses Jacob Riis - ANSWER-involved in the reform movements of the late 19th and 20th centuries for publicizing poor housing and sanitation in urban tenements; wrote "How the Other Half Lives" Cuban Missile Crisis - ANSWER-Conflict between the US and Soviet Union over Soviet missiles discovered in Cuba; Soviets eventually removed the missiles under American pressure; result: Soviets gained none of their objectives while the US emerged victorious Taft- Hartley Act - ANSWER-limited the powers of labor unions; presidents of some industries can declare an 80-day cooling off period before a strike could actually take place; allowed owners to sure unions over broken contracts and forced union leaders to sign anticommunist oaths Black Panthers - ANSWER-emphasized developing a greater sense of Black nationalism and solidarity; protect blacks from police harassment; promoted militant black power; Nation of Islam - ANSWER-also emphasized developing a greater sense of Black nationalism and solidarity; preached Islamic principles along with black pride and black separatism Bacon's Rebellion - ANSWER-result: tensions between backcountry farmers and the tidewater gentry were exposed; led to a decline in white indentured servitude and rise in black slavery; highlighted problems such as: class differences between wealthy planters and landless or poor farmers & colonial resistance to royal control; signaled that colonial governors struggled to contain domestic unrest American System - ANSWER-economic plan promoted by the Speaker of the House; promoted vigorous growth of the American economy and the use of protective tariffs to encourage Americans to buy more domestic goods; a key purpose: to develop a national economy by improving transportation; consisted of 3 parts (BIT: nation Bank, Internal improvements, protective Tariffs Booker T. Washington - ANSWER-head of the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama; argued that blacks' needs for education an economic progress were important; blacks should concentrate on learning industrial skills for better wages; work on securing their economic base Robert La Follette - ANSWER-Member of the House, senator and Governor of the state of Wisconsin, he brought about many democratic reforms in the state's politics, including the nomination of candidates by direct vote and the regulation of railroad rates. He also introduced the idea of direct appeal to the electorate on questions of policy, called the referendum. Ida. B Wells - ANSWER-principal public opponent of lynching in the South 1883 Civil Rights Cases - ANSWER-weakens the protections given to African Americans under the 14th amendment; court ruled that congress could not legislate against the racial discrimination practiced by private citizens which included: railroads, hotels, and other businesses used by the public; 1873 Slaughterhouse Cases - ANSWER-also weakened the protections black were given under the 14th amendment; the 15th and 14th amendments do not guarantee federal protection of individual rights against discrimination by their own state governments-distinction between state citizenship and national citizenship mugwumps - ANSWER-Republican political activists who bolted from the United States Republican Party by supporting Democratic candidate Grover Cleveland in the United States presidential election of 1884. They switched parties because they rejected the financial corruption associated with Republican candidate James G. Blaine. Social Darwinism - ANSWER-believed in Charles Darwin's philosophy of evolution; stated that people inevitable compete with each other as well as societies; "survival of the fittest" occurs; was used to justify the vast differences between the rich and the poor Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 - ANSWER-eliminated most tribal land ownership in favor of ownership by individuals; designed to break up Native American tribes 1936 presidential election - ANSWER-result: a shift of African American voters from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party; Roosevelt (Democrat) vs. Landon (Republican) Af. Ams. supported Roosevelt because they likes his New Deal program Kennedy's administration - ANSWER-a success: passage of the Alliance for Progress to provide economic aid for Latin America; Peace Corps; Bay of Pigs; Cuban Missile Crisis; Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty; () Harlem Renaissance - ANSWER-black literary and artistic movement centered in Harlem; celebrated and lamented black life in America; key figures: James Weldon Johnson, Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, Josephine Baker Carter's presidency - ANSWER-was in trouble due to the taking of American hostages in Iran; very informal; panama canal treaty signed; Camp Davis Accords; Iran Hostage Crisis; "Stagflation"; Diplomatic relations with communist China, which ends the recognition of Taiwan () Equal Rights Amendment - ANSWER-stated that "equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the US or by any state on account of sex"; did not get passed; Phyllis Schlafly greatly opposed this legislation and campaigned against its ratification; Alice Paul heavily advocated this amendment Gloria Steinem - ANSWER-a leader in the women's right movement; advocated equal rights amendment Crisis during Eisenhower's presidency - ANSWER-Soviets launching Sputnik; Egypt seizing the Suez Canal; Soviets shooting down an American U-2 spy plane; castro gaining control of cuba divisive - ANSWER-causing conflict, opposition 1973 Yom Kippur War - ANSWER-Syrians and Egyptians launched a surprise attack on Isral in an attempt to recover the lands lost in the 6 Day War of 1967 and Nixon send in US Nuclear Forces and sent in almost $2 billion dollars worth of forces; led to an energy crisis sparked by OPEC's embargo of oil to the Western world; led to US's economy to suffer greatly Radical Reconstruction - ANSWER-led to formation of the Ku Klux Klan Stono Rebellion 1739 - ANSWER-slaves participated in this rebellion in hopes to flee to Florida where the Spanish offered freedom; largest slave rebellion of the 1700s; impact: harsher treatment to slaves by owners and more restriction Nixon's presidency - ANSWER-a key diplomatic achievement: a visit to China in February 1972; Watergate scandal; Detente (foreign policy aimed at reducing cold war friction between the US and Soviet Union); Vietnam War, Vietnamization; Woodstock; EPA established; 26th amendment; Visit to China; Visit to Russia; Energy Crisis (OPEC); "Silent Majority" Warren Burger () Camp Davis Accords - ANSWER-Treaty between Egypt and Israel brokered by Carter and signed in 1979; Israel agreed to give back territory in the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt, while Egypt agreed to recognize Israel's right to exist as a nation Kennan's containment policy - ANSWER-proposed efforts by the US to block the expansion of the Soviet Union's influence Reaganomics - ANSWER-These policies combined a monetarist fiscal policy, supply-side tax cuts, and domestic budget cutting. Their goal was to reduce the size of the federal government and stimulate economic growth. Encourage private investment through tax cuts for businesses and the wealthy; impact: left more money in the hands of investors and higher income decreased welfare state; "trickle down" economy, wealthy Americans would prosper and some of their increased profits and spending would benefit the middle class and the poor Gulf of Tonkin Resolution - ANSWER-significant because it authorized the president to take any measure necessary to repel attacks against the US forces and allies in Southeast Asia (Vietnam); gave too much power to president without congressional oversight Wallace's Third Party Campaign - ANSWER-1968: appealed to many middle class voters upset by the civil disobedience associated with the Civil Rights and antiwar demonstrations Pontiac's Rebellion - ANSWER-1763: major attack against colonial settlements on the western frontier; native Americans were angered by the increase in European settlers in the west; British wouldn't offer gifts like the French did; destroyed forts and settlements from NY to VA; British sent in troops to break up this rebellion Pueblo Revolt - ANSWER-resulted in the successful expulsion of Europeans from the upper Rio grande region of north america for nearly a decade; King Philip's War - ANSWER-a.k.a Metacom, united many tribes in Southern New England against the English settlers, who were constantly trespassing on the Native Americans' lands; a very vicious war with casualties on both sides; colonial forces eventually killed King Phillip and end this resistance Pequot War - ANSWER-Bay colonists wanted to claim Connecticut for themselves but it belonged to the Pequot. The colonists burned down their village and 400 were killed Battle of Fallen Timbers - ANSWER-The U.S. Army defeated the Native Americans under Shawnee Chief Blue Jacket and ended Native American hopes of keeping their land that lay north of the Ohio River Truman Doctrine of 1947 - ANSWER-in response to: communist uprising in Greece and Soviet demands for land control of Turkey; prevent communism from spreading further through military aggression; stated that the US would be ready to assist and free nation trying to defend itself against "armed minorities or outside pressures"; Betty Friedan - ANSWER-. American feminist, activist and writer. Best known for starting the "Second Wave" of feminism through the writing of her book "The Feminine Mystique," which arugued that women experienced a discrepancy between the reality and the public image of their lives.; best known for her criticism of traditional gender roles Navigation Acts - ANSWER-1600s and 1700s: guaranteed that the British government would have a financial share of all colonial exports Quakers - ANSWER-allowed some to speak publicly in religious meetings and become missionaries; believed in equality between men and women; believed that religious authority could be found in each person's private soul and not in the Bible or any outside source; these views were very radical at that time and challenged authority so they were often persecuted and jailed for their beliefs Proclamation Line of 1763 - ANSWER-limited western expansion of colonial settlement; Stonewall Riots of 1969 - ANSWER-led to the birth of gay rights organizations around the country National Origins Act of 1924 - ANSWER-establish immigration quotas based on a percentage of each nationality residing in the US in 1890; lowered immigration to 2% of each nationality as found in the 1890 census; lowered immigration dramatically; almost eliminated immigration from Easter and Southern Europe Civilian Conservation Corporation - ANSWER-New Deal program that began in 1933; put nearly 3 million young men at work; paid very little but worked on conservation projects such as maintaining beaches and parks