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Samenvatting leerpad B pneumo 3

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leerpad B - verdiepend 4

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April 7, 2023
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Written in
2022/2023
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LEERPAD B: PATHOLOGIE – PNEUMO 3
ANTIHISTAMINICA


BEGRIPPEN ONTSTEKING OFTE INFLAMMATIE
 Weefselreactie op schadelijke prikkel:
– Fysische prikkel: bv. snede in huid
– Chemische prikkel: bv. zuur op huid
– Microbiële prikkel: bv. virussen, bacteriën, fungi, parasieten ← pathogenen
– …

 De reactie bestaat uit:
– Vasodilatatie: bloedvatverwijding → klinisch symptomen: roodheid (rubor) &
temperatuursstijging (calor)
– Extravasatie: vochtverlies uit bloedvat waardoor oedeemvorming → klinisch
symptoom: zwelling (tumor)
– Opwekking pijn-, jeukprikkel thv vrije zenuwuiteinden → klinisch symptoom:
pijngewaarwording (dolor)
– Functieverlies van het betrokken weefsel (functio laesie)


BEGRIPPEN ALLERGIE, MESTCELLEN EN HISTAMINE
 Allergie is een overgevoeligheidsreactie van het immuunstelsel
 Allergeen (bv. graspol) triggert mestcel tot vrijstelling van o.a. histamine

 Histamine bindt met H1-receptoren van:
– Relaxatie gladde spiercellen rond bloedvaten → vasodilatatie
– Endotheelcellen → extravasatie

 Zwelling respiratoir mucosa in de neus → neusverstopping, neusloop,
niezen, jeuk



WERKING
 Antagonist H1-receptoren → blokkeren H1-receptoren

 Types:
– Weinig sederend: niet door hersenbloedbaan, bv. Ceterizine (Zyrtec®)
– Sederend: wel door hersenbloedbaan, bv. Dimetindeen (Fenistil®)

 Plaatsbepaling:
– Allergische rinoconjunctivitis

 Niet:
– Astma, COPD
– Als ‘slaapmiddel’
 Advies: inname ‘s avonds
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