NES Elementary Education Subtest 1: Social Studies (full set) Questions and Answers Graded A+

NES Elementary Education Subtest 1: Social Studies (full set) Questions and Answers Graded A+ legislative branch made up of the two houses of Congress—the Senate and the House of Representatives. The most important duty of the legislative branch is to make laws. executive branch vested in the President of the United States, who also acts as head of state and Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces. judicial branch the power to interpret laws and settle disputes authoritarian governments a form of government characterized by strong central power and limited political freedoms. Individual freedoms are subordinate to the state and there is no constitutional accountability under an authoritarian regime. EX. China, Myanmar, Cuba and Iran democratic government A system of government in which power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through freely elected representatives. autocracies a system of government in which supreme power is concentrated in the hands of one person, whose decisions are subject to neither external legal restraints nor regularized mechanisms of popular control. There are two main types of autocracy: a monarchy and a dictatorship. oligarchies in some authoritarian governments, a small, elite group has the power to rule whose authority generally is based on wealth or power direct democracy public policy is established by the people themselves, such as in New England town meetings indirect democracy, or representative democracy the people choose a small group to act as their representatives to carry out the policies of government. Article 1 of the Constitution defines the legislative branch and vests power to legislate in the Congress of the United States. Congress is made up of two chambers, the Senate and the House of Representatives. Article 2 of the Constitution The executive branch of government enforces the laws of the land and the powers of the president Article 3 of the Constitution defines the judicial branch as the Supreme Court and such inferior courts as Congress sees necessary to establish. Federalism sharing of power among the national, state, and local governments powers reserved to the national government Print money Regulate interstate (between states) and international trade Make treaties and conduct foreign policy Declare war Provide an army and navy Establish post offices Make laws necessary and proper to carry out the these powers Powers reserved to the state governments Issue licenses Regulate intrastate (within the state) businesses Conduct elections Establish local governments Ratify amendments to the Constitution Take measures for public health and safety Exercise powers the Constitution does not delegate to the national government or prohibit the states from using Powers that the state and national governments share Collect taxes Build roads Borrow money Establish courts Make and enforce laws Charter banks and corporations Spend money for the general welfare Take private property for public purposes, with just compensation Constitutional Amendment 1 Freedom of (or from) religion; freedom of speech; freedom to assemble; freedom to petition the government. Constitutional Amendment 2 Right to bear arms. Constitutional Amendment 3 Freedom from quartering soldiers. Constitutional Amendment 4 Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures; warrants must only be issued upon probable cause, and shall be specific. Constitutional amendment 5 Criminal indictments must be by grand jury; freedom from double jeopardy; freedom from testifying against oneself; right to due process; right of just compensation for takings. Constitutional amendment 6 Right to speedy trial; right to impartial jury; right to be informed of the charges upon which the accused is held; right to face accusers; right to produce witnesses for the accused; right to legal counsel. Constitutional amendment 7 Right to jury trial in