EMT cardiology exam(with solved solutions)
how can you help maximize cardiac output during CPR?
- compress the chest at a rate of no more than 100/min
- ventilate the patient through an advanced airway device
-deliver rescue breaths until the chest expands widely
- allow the chest to fully recoil in between compressions correct answersallow the chest to fully
recoil in between compressions
when assessing a patient who complains of chest pain, which of the following questions would
you ask to assess the "R" in OPQRST?
- did the pain begin suddenly or gradually
- whaat were you doing when the pain began
- is there anything that makes the pain worse
- is the pain in one place or does it move around correct answerss the pain in one place or does it
move around
A middle-aged female with a history of hypertension and high cholesterol complains of chest
discomfort. She asks you to take her to the hospital where her personal physician practices,
which is 15 miles away. Her blood pressure is 130/70 mm Hg, pulse is 84 beats/min and regular,
and respirations are 18 breaths/min and unlabored. Which of the following actions is clearly
NOT appropriate for this patient?
- giving oxygen via nasal cannula
- taking her to her choice hospital
- contacting her physician via phone
- allowing her to walk to the ambulance correct answersallowing her to walk to the ambulance
The energy setting for a biphasic AED:
- is typically 360 joules
- is manufacturer specific
- must be set by the EMT
- increases by 50 joules with each shock correct answers- is manufacturer specific
during your assessment of a 70 year old man with crushing chest pain, you note that his BP is
80/50 mm Hg. your MOST important action should be to
- give high flow oxygen
- transport without delay
- keep the patient warm
- assess his oxygen saturation correct answerstransport without delay
a 58 year old man is found unresponsive by his wife. according to his wife, he was complaining
of a dull ache in his chest the day before, but refused to allow her to call 911. his blood pressure
,is 70/50 mm Hg, his pulse is 120 bpm and weak, and his respirations are 28 breaths/min and
labored. further assessment reveals that his skin is cool, pale, and clammy. you suspect:
- cardiogenic shock
- hypovolemic shock
- acute septic shock
- pulmonary embolism correct answers- cardiogenic shock
use of the AED is contraindicated in patients who are
- between 1-8 years of age
- experienced a witnessed cardiac arrest
- apneic and have a weak carotid pulse
- have a nitroglycerin patch applied to the skin correct answersapneic and have a weak carotid
pulse
a 56 year old man is found to be pulseless and apneic. his wife states that he collapsed about 5
minutes ago. as your partner gets the AED from the ambulance, you should
- provide rescue breaths until the AED is ready
- open the airway and give 2 rescue breaths
- begin CPR, starting with chest compressions
- ask the wife is the patient has a living will correct answersbegin CPR, starting with chest
compressions
which of the following would clearly be detrimental to a patient in cardiac arrest?
- ventilating until the chest rises
- performing CPR before defibrillation
- interrupting CPR for more than 10 seconds
- ventilating without supplemental oxygen correct answersinterrupting CPR for more than 10
seconds
all of the following are components of the cincinnati stroke scale, except:
- pupil size
- facil droop
- speech pattern
- arm movement correct answers- pupil size
when treating a patient with chest pain, pressure, or discomfort, you should first
- administer supplemental oxygen
- place the patient in a position of comfort
- request an ALS ambulance response to the scene
, - assess the blood pressure and give nitroglycerin correct answers- place the patient in a position
of comfort
Which of the following types of stroke would MOST likely present with a sudden, severe
headache?
- ischemic
- hemmorhagic
- thrombotic
- embolic correct answers- hemmorhagic
Which of the following patients would MOST likely present with vague or unusual symptoms of
an acute myocardial infarction?
- 55 yo obese female
- 66 yo male with angina
- 72 yo female with diabetes
- 75 yo male with hypertension correct answers- 72 yo female with diabetes
Ischemic heart disease is a condition in which
- a portion of the heart muscle dies because of a prolonged lack of oxygen
- there is a decrease in blood flow to one or more portions of the heart muscle
- the coronary arteries dilate, thus preventing effective blood flow to the heart
- an acute event leads to a significant decrease in the pumping force of the heartAfter delivering
one shock with the AED and performing 2 minutes of CPR on a woman in cardiac arrest, you
reanalyze her cardiac rhythm and receive a no shock advised message. This means that:
A) she is not in a shockable rhythm.
B) she has electrical activity but no pulse.
C) her rhythm has deteriorated to asystole.
D) the first shock restored a rhythm and pulse. correct answersthere is a decrease in blood flow
to one or more portions of the heart muscle
After restoring a pulse in a cardiac arrest patient, you begin immediate transport. While en route
to the hospital, the patient goes back into cardiac arrest. You should:
- tell your partner to stop the ambulance
- begin CPR and proceed to the hospital
- contact medical control for further advice
- analyze the patient's rhythm with the AED correct answers- tell your partner to stop the
ambulance
Which of the following patients is the BEST candidate for the administration of nitroglycerin?
- woman who has taken three doses of prescribed nitroglycerin without relief of chest pain
- a woman with chest pain, prescribed nitroglycerin, and a BP of 104/76
how can you help maximize cardiac output during CPR?
- compress the chest at a rate of no more than 100/min
- ventilate the patient through an advanced airway device
-deliver rescue breaths until the chest expands widely
- allow the chest to fully recoil in between compressions correct answersallow the chest to fully
recoil in between compressions
when assessing a patient who complains of chest pain, which of the following questions would
you ask to assess the "R" in OPQRST?
- did the pain begin suddenly or gradually
- whaat were you doing when the pain began
- is there anything that makes the pain worse
- is the pain in one place or does it move around correct answerss the pain in one place or does it
move around
A middle-aged female with a history of hypertension and high cholesterol complains of chest
discomfort. She asks you to take her to the hospital where her personal physician practices,
which is 15 miles away. Her blood pressure is 130/70 mm Hg, pulse is 84 beats/min and regular,
and respirations are 18 breaths/min and unlabored. Which of the following actions is clearly
NOT appropriate for this patient?
- giving oxygen via nasal cannula
- taking her to her choice hospital
- contacting her physician via phone
- allowing her to walk to the ambulance correct answersallowing her to walk to the ambulance
The energy setting for a biphasic AED:
- is typically 360 joules
- is manufacturer specific
- must be set by the EMT
- increases by 50 joules with each shock correct answers- is manufacturer specific
during your assessment of a 70 year old man with crushing chest pain, you note that his BP is
80/50 mm Hg. your MOST important action should be to
- give high flow oxygen
- transport without delay
- keep the patient warm
- assess his oxygen saturation correct answerstransport without delay
a 58 year old man is found unresponsive by his wife. according to his wife, he was complaining
of a dull ache in his chest the day before, but refused to allow her to call 911. his blood pressure
,is 70/50 mm Hg, his pulse is 120 bpm and weak, and his respirations are 28 breaths/min and
labored. further assessment reveals that his skin is cool, pale, and clammy. you suspect:
- cardiogenic shock
- hypovolemic shock
- acute septic shock
- pulmonary embolism correct answers- cardiogenic shock
use of the AED is contraindicated in patients who are
- between 1-8 years of age
- experienced a witnessed cardiac arrest
- apneic and have a weak carotid pulse
- have a nitroglycerin patch applied to the skin correct answersapneic and have a weak carotid
pulse
a 56 year old man is found to be pulseless and apneic. his wife states that he collapsed about 5
minutes ago. as your partner gets the AED from the ambulance, you should
- provide rescue breaths until the AED is ready
- open the airway and give 2 rescue breaths
- begin CPR, starting with chest compressions
- ask the wife is the patient has a living will correct answersbegin CPR, starting with chest
compressions
which of the following would clearly be detrimental to a patient in cardiac arrest?
- ventilating until the chest rises
- performing CPR before defibrillation
- interrupting CPR for more than 10 seconds
- ventilating without supplemental oxygen correct answersinterrupting CPR for more than 10
seconds
all of the following are components of the cincinnati stroke scale, except:
- pupil size
- facil droop
- speech pattern
- arm movement correct answers- pupil size
when treating a patient with chest pain, pressure, or discomfort, you should first
- administer supplemental oxygen
- place the patient in a position of comfort
- request an ALS ambulance response to the scene
, - assess the blood pressure and give nitroglycerin correct answers- place the patient in a position
of comfort
Which of the following types of stroke would MOST likely present with a sudden, severe
headache?
- ischemic
- hemmorhagic
- thrombotic
- embolic correct answers- hemmorhagic
Which of the following patients would MOST likely present with vague or unusual symptoms of
an acute myocardial infarction?
- 55 yo obese female
- 66 yo male with angina
- 72 yo female with diabetes
- 75 yo male with hypertension correct answers- 72 yo female with diabetes
Ischemic heart disease is a condition in which
- a portion of the heart muscle dies because of a prolonged lack of oxygen
- there is a decrease in blood flow to one or more portions of the heart muscle
- the coronary arteries dilate, thus preventing effective blood flow to the heart
- an acute event leads to a significant decrease in the pumping force of the heartAfter delivering
one shock with the AED and performing 2 minutes of CPR on a woman in cardiac arrest, you
reanalyze her cardiac rhythm and receive a no shock advised message. This means that:
A) she is not in a shockable rhythm.
B) she has electrical activity but no pulse.
C) her rhythm has deteriorated to asystole.
D) the first shock restored a rhythm and pulse. correct answersthere is a decrease in blood flow
to one or more portions of the heart muscle
After restoring a pulse in a cardiac arrest patient, you begin immediate transport. While en route
to the hospital, the patient goes back into cardiac arrest. You should:
- tell your partner to stop the ambulance
- begin CPR and proceed to the hospital
- contact medical control for further advice
- analyze the patient's rhythm with the AED correct answers- tell your partner to stop the
ambulance
Which of the following patients is the BEST candidate for the administration of nitroglycerin?
- woman who has taken three doses of prescribed nitroglycerin without relief of chest pain
- a woman with chest pain, prescribed nitroglycerin, and a BP of 104/76
