Cosmetology Practice exam

Cosmetology Practice exam All Answers Correct 2023 Bacteria Ans- one celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristics Viruses Ans- microorganism capable of infecting almost all plants and animals, including bacteria. Parasites Ans- plant or animal organisms that live on, or in, another living organism and draw their nourishment from that organism. Must have a host to survive. Immunity Ans- ability of the body to destroy and resist infection Sanitation Ans- removing all visible dirt and debris Sterilization Ans- complete elimination of all microbial life, including spores. Only necessary when instruments have come in contact with blood. OSHA- Occupational Safety and Health Administration Ans- regulates and enforces safety and health standards to protect employees in the work place. MSDS- Material Safety Data Sheet Ans- Information about hazardous ingredients, safe use and handling procedures, precautions to reduce the risk of harm and over exposure, flammability and dada incase of fire, proper disposal guidelines and medical information in case a reaction to product occurs. EPA- Environmental Protection Agency Ans- Licenses two types of disinfectants used in salons; Tuberculocidal, and Hospital. Hospital products are safe for cleaning blood and body fluids, Tuberculocidal disinfectants are proven to kill the bacteria that cause tuberculosis, which is more difficult to kill. FDA- Food and drug administration Ans- Prohibits sale of antifungal products for finger and toenails without a medical prescription. Universal Precautions Ans- a set of guidelines published by OSHA that require the employer and the employee to assume that all human blood and body fluids are infectious for bloodborne pathogens. Cells Ans- the basic units of all living thing, from bacteria to plants and animals, and including human beings Protoplasm Ans- colorless jelly like substance in cells in which food elements such as protein, fats, carbohydrates, mineral salts and water are present Nucleus Ans- The dense, active protoplasm found in the center of the cell. cytoplasm Ans- All the protoplasm of a cell that surrounds the nucleus Cell membrane Ans- thin, flexible barrier that surrounds all cells; regulates what enters and leaves the cell Mitosis Ans- The reproduction process in which cells divide into two identical cells called daughter cells. Metabolism Ans- set of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes anabolism Ans- Process of building up complex materials (proteins) from simple materials Catabolism Ans- breakdown of more complex substances into simpler ones with release of energy Tissue Ans- group of similar cells that perform a particular function Heart Ans- Circulates the blood Lungs Ans- Supply Oxygen to the blood Skin Ans- forms external protective covering of the body Skeletal system Ans- the physical foundation of the body. It is composed of 206 bones that vary in size and shame and are connected by moveable and immovable joints. Circulatory system Ans- body system consisting of the heart and blood vessels that circulate blood through the body Endocrine system Ans- affects the growth, development, sexual activities, and health of the entire body. Excretory System Ans- group of organs including the kidneys, liver, skin, large intestine and lungs that purify the body by the elimination of waste matter Integumentary System Ans- Serves as a protective covering and helps in regulating the body's temperature; consists of skin, accessory organs such as oil and sweat glands, sensory receptors, hair, and nails. Muscular System Ans- Covers, shapes, and supports the skeleton tissue; also contracts and moves various parts of the body nervous System Ans- controls and coordinates all other systems and makes them work harmoniously and efficiently; consists of brain, spinal cord, and nerves. respiratory system Ans- system responsible for taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide using the lungs Occipital bone Ans- hindmost bone of the skull, below the parietal bones; forms the back of the skull above the nape. Parietal bones Ans- bones that form the sides and top of the cranium Frontal bone Ans- forms the forehead Temporal bones Ans- bones forming the sides of the head in the ear region ethmoid bone Ans- Light spongy bone between the eye sockets and forms part of the nasal cavities. sphenoid bone Ans- joins all of the bones of the cranium together lacrimal bones Ans- Small, thin bones located at the front inner wall of the orbits (eye sockets). maxillae bone Ans- bones of the upper jaw mandible Ans- lower jaw bone turbinal bones Ans- thin layers of spongy bone on either of the outer walls of the nasal depression cervical vertebrae Ans- The seven bones of the top part of the vertebral column, located in the neck region. thorax Ans- the chest; elastic, bony cage that serves as a protective framework for the heart, lungs, and other internal organs scapula Ans- either of two flat triangular bones one on each side of the shoulder in human beings ulna Ans- the inner and longer of the two bones of the human forearm radius bone Ans- lower arm bone thumb side, next to ulna, only bone in body that can twist round another w/o breaking carpus Ans- the wrist; flexible joint composed of a group of eight small irregular bones held together by ligaments phalanges Ans- bones of the fingers and toes Origin Ans- Part of the muscle that does not move and is attached to the skeleton, and is usually part of the skeletal muscle. Insertion Ans- part of the muscle at the more movable attachments to the skeleton belly Ans- the middle part of the muscle corrugator muscle Ans- Muscle located beneath the frontalis and orbicularis oculi that draws the eyebrow down and wrinkles the forehead vertically orbicularis oculi muscle Ans- ring muscle of the eye socket; enables you to close your eyes procerus muscle Ans- Muscle that covers the bridge of the nose, lowers the eyebrows, and causes wrinkles across the bridge of the nose. latissimus dorsi Ans- Broad, Flat superficial muscle covering the back of the neck and upper and middle region of the back. Controls swinging movements of the arm. deltoid Ans- a large triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint and serving to abduct and flex and extend and rotate the arm extensors Ans- muscles that straighten the wrist, hand and fingers to form a straight line flexors Ans- Extensor muscles of the wrist, involved in bending the wrist pronators Ans- muscles that turn the hand inward so that the palm faces downward supinator Ans- muscle of the forearm that rotates the radius outward and the palm upward abductors Ans- muscles that separate the fingers adductors Ans- muscles at the base of each finger that draw the fingers together fifth cranial nerve Ans- largest cranial nerve; cheif sensory nerve of the face and motor nerve of muscles that control chewing. consists of three branches: ophthalmic, mandibular and maxillary blood vascular system Ans- consists of the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries for the distribution of blood throughout the body lymph vascular system Ans- acts as an aid to the blood system and consists of the lymph, lymphatics, and lymph nodes Matter Ans- any substance that occupies space and has mass surfactants Ans- substances that act as a bridge to allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify hydrophilic Ans- means water-loving lipophilic Ans- means oil-loving pH scale Ans- measures the acidity and alkalinity of a substance Conductor Ans- any substance that easily transmits electricity direct current Ans- electric current that flows only in one direction converter Ans- an apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current alternating current Ans- rapid and interrupted current, flowing first in one direction and then in the opposite direction volt Ans- unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons forward through a conductor amp Ans- unit that measures the amount of an electric current (quantity of electrons flowing through a conductor) milliampere Ans- one thousandth of an ampere ohm Ans- The unit of measure of electrical resistance. watt Ans- Measurement of how much electric energy is being used in one second kilowatt Ans- a unit of power equal to 1000 watts Electrotherapy Ans- electronic facial treatments electrode Ans- applicator for directing the electric current from machine to clients skin anode Ans- Positive electrode cathode Ans- Negative electrode Galvanic and Tesla Ans- two main modalities used in cosmetolog