PNN Practice Questions And Answers All Correct

PNN Practice Questions And Answers All Correct When reading a TB skin test, how many mm of induration is considered a positive reading for a pt w/ HIV? A. /= 3 mm B. /= 5 mm C. /= 10 mm D. /= 15 mm - CORRECT ANSWERS B. /= 5 mm Induration /= 5 mm is considered positive in pts w/ low immunity (HIV, on steroid tx) or at high risk for TB infection (close contact w/ someone w/ active TB). Induration /= 10 mm is considered positive in healthcare workers, pts w/ DM, and CKD. Induration /= 15 mm is considered positive for anyone. Which BP meds should be used in the general population? A. ACE-I/ARB B. BB C. CCB D. Thiazides - CORRECT ANSWERS A. ACE-I/ARB C. CCB D. Thiazides Which BP meds should be used in DM w/ signs of renal damage? A. ACE-I/ARB B. BB C. CCB D. Thiazides - CORRECT ANSWERS A. ACE-I/ARB Which BP meds should be used for MI or CAD? A. ACE-I/ARB B. BB C. CCB D. Thiazides - CORRECT ANSWERS A. ACE-I/ARB B. BB Which BP meds should be used for CHF? A. ACE-I/ARB B. BB C. CCB D. Thiazides E. Entresto - CORRECT ANSWERS Low dose BB (carvedilol, metoprolol, bisoprolol) plus ACE-I/ARB or Entresto. Which BP meds are safe to use in pregnancy? - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Labetalol PO or IV (first line). 2. Other BBs (second line). 3. Nifedipine ER (Procardia XL) or nicardipine 4. Methyldopa 5. Hydralazine Other CCBs and HCTZ are safe to use as well. Which BP meds are used to treat Raynaud's? - CORRECT ANSWERS DHP-CCBs (-pines) Which BP meds should be used in CKD? A. ACE-I/ARB B. BBs C. CCBs D. Thiazides E. Loops - CORRECT ANSWERS A. ACE-I/ARB to preserve kidney function Which BP med is best for pts with ESRD? A. ACE-I/ARB B. BBs C. CCBs D. Thiazides E. Loops - CORRECT ANSWERS E. Loops Others can be used as well though. Caution with ACE-I/ARBs due to hyperkalemia. Which BP med should be avoided in asthma/COPD? A. ACE-I/ARB B. BB C. CCB D. Thiazides - CORRECT ANSWERS B. BB If a BB must be used, use one that is Beta-1 selective. AMEBBBA: Atenolol (Tenormin), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL), esmolol (Brevibloc), bisoprolol (Zebeta), betaxolol (Kerlone, Betoptic-S), Bystolic (nebivolol), acebutolol (Sectral). Which BP med should be avoided/used with caution in patients with DM? A. ACE-I/ARB B. BBs C. CCBs D. Thiazides - CORRECT ANSWERS B. BBs because they may mask symptoms of hypoglycemia Which BP meds should be avoided if the patient has a sulfa allergy? A. ACE-I/ARB B. BBs C. CCBs D. Thiazides E. Loops - CORRECT ANSWERS Thiazides and loops (except ethacrynic acid) Which BP med should be avoided in patients with increased sun exposure? A. ACE-I/ARB B. BB C. CCB D. Thiazides E. Loops - CORRECT ANSWERS D. Thiazides Which BP med should be avoided in patients with Raynaud's? A. ACE-I/ARB B. BB C. CCB D. Thiazides E. Loops - CORRECT ANSWERS B. BBs should be avoided. Also avoid -ergots and -triptans. DOC for tx of Raynaud's: DHP CCBs (nifedipine, amlodipine, isradipine, or felodipine) DOC for tx of Prinzmetal's Angina: Nifedipine, nicardipine, diltiazem, or verapamil. Which BP meds should be avoided in patients with gout or kidney stones? A. ACE-I/ARB B. BB C. CCB D. Thiazides E. Loops - CORRECT ANSWERS Thiazides and loops should be avoided due to increasing uric acid.