Introduction to behaviour change and theory
Pre-lecture reading
The health belief model page 46(84 of 590)
As a fundamental component of health behaviour research, the health belief model has been
useful for explaining change and health-related behaviour, and as a guiding framework for
health behaviour intervention. Chapter three discusses the key components of this model and
examines other psychosocial factors that explain the relationship within it.
The health belief model (HBM) was introduced in the 1950s by social psychologists in the U.S.
public health service to understand the widespread failure of people not participating in the
programme to prevent and help detect disease. Later the model was extended to understand
people's responses to symptoms and their behaviours in response to the diagnosis of illness.
However, there were different approaches to this model, one that understood that behaviour
grew from a stimulus response and another from a cognitive response.
The HBM contains several primary concepts that predict why people take actions to keep
themselves healthy and have overall good well-being. These include perceived susceptibility,
seriousness, benefit and behaviour cues to action and most recently self-efficacy.
As a result of these constructs, we can identify which individuals are most likely to engage in
health promotion activities and which individuals are most likely to have positive health
behaviours, such as susceptibility, which makes people more likely to take measures to prevent
or reduce the occurrence of diseases.
25/02/2023
The HBM: stimulus response theory, shows people are more willing to do something with
positive reinforcement or reward.
cognitive theory is more of a personal and individual, and how a person responds on their own
accord.
Healthy eating: how it would affect them in the future, what are the risks of not eating healthy.
Benefits: having good health, being likely to exercise more, having better mental health.
Cues to action
download apps to allow them to eat healthily, and buy healthy food.
, having friends that have a healthy lifestyle.
perceived susceptibility to poor mental health, is the person going to develop when they are
older are they aware if it runs in the family would increase the chances of developing poor
mental health?
Would this harm their lifestyle? Would they develop unhealthy habits to cope? Would they have
to take time off work to get mental health support?
Better mental health would make them feel better overall, allowing them to socialise more.
Barriers could have cost, not being able to afford transport to go to therapy or not being able to
time off work or school.
Cues to action
Advice from friends and family.
Seeking medical help if it's more severe.
27/01/2023
Transtheoretical Model/Stages of Change
Chapter 5 Transtheoretical Model/Stages of Change page 97(135 of 590)
CONSTRUCTS Table 5.1 briefly describes core constructs of the TTM.
TABLE 5.1. Transtheoretical Model Constructs.
stages of change
Precontemplation; No intention of taking action within 6 months.
Preparation; intended to take actions within the next 30 days and have taken some behaviour
changes.
Action; Changed overt behaviour for less than 6 months.
Maintenance; Changed overt behaviour for more than 6 months.
Termination; No temptation to relapse and 100% confidence.
The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) uses stages of change to integrate processes and principles
of change across major theories of intervention, in other words this theory is used to explain
Pre-lecture reading
The health belief model page 46(84 of 590)
As a fundamental component of health behaviour research, the health belief model has been
useful for explaining change and health-related behaviour, and as a guiding framework for
health behaviour intervention. Chapter three discusses the key components of this model and
examines other psychosocial factors that explain the relationship within it.
The health belief model (HBM) was introduced in the 1950s by social psychologists in the U.S.
public health service to understand the widespread failure of people not participating in the
programme to prevent and help detect disease. Later the model was extended to understand
people's responses to symptoms and their behaviours in response to the diagnosis of illness.
However, there were different approaches to this model, one that understood that behaviour
grew from a stimulus response and another from a cognitive response.
The HBM contains several primary concepts that predict why people take actions to keep
themselves healthy and have overall good well-being. These include perceived susceptibility,
seriousness, benefit and behaviour cues to action and most recently self-efficacy.
As a result of these constructs, we can identify which individuals are most likely to engage in
health promotion activities and which individuals are most likely to have positive health
behaviours, such as susceptibility, which makes people more likely to take measures to prevent
or reduce the occurrence of diseases.
25/02/2023
The HBM: stimulus response theory, shows people are more willing to do something with
positive reinforcement or reward.
cognitive theory is more of a personal and individual, and how a person responds on their own
accord.
Healthy eating: how it would affect them in the future, what are the risks of not eating healthy.
Benefits: having good health, being likely to exercise more, having better mental health.
Cues to action
download apps to allow them to eat healthily, and buy healthy food.
, having friends that have a healthy lifestyle.
perceived susceptibility to poor mental health, is the person going to develop when they are
older are they aware if it runs in the family would increase the chances of developing poor
mental health?
Would this harm their lifestyle? Would they develop unhealthy habits to cope? Would they have
to take time off work to get mental health support?
Better mental health would make them feel better overall, allowing them to socialise more.
Barriers could have cost, not being able to afford transport to go to therapy or not being able to
time off work or school.
Cues to action
Advice from friends and family.
Seeking medical help if it's more severe.
27/01/2023
Transtheoretical Model/Stages of Change
Chapter 5 Transtheoretical Model/Stages of Change page 97(135 of 590)
CONSTRUCTS Table 5.1 briefly describes core constructs of the TTM.
TABLE 5.1. Transtheoretical Model Constructs.
stages of change
Precontemplation; No intention of taking action within 6 months.
Preparation; intended to take actions within the next 30 days and have taken some behaviour
changes.
Action; Changed overt behaviour for less than 6 months.
Maintenance; Changed overt behaviour for more than 6 months.
Termination; No temptation to relapse and 100% confidence.
The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) uses stages of change to integrate processes and principles
of change across major theories of intervention, in other words this theory is used to explain
