PHARM CMS STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION

PHARM CMS STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION What is the Opioid Toxicity Triad? - ANSWER Coma, respiratory depression, and pinpoint pupils. What drug is used to reverse opioid toxicity? - ANSWER Naloxone. When do you administer the varicella vaccine? - ANSWER 1 dose: 12-15 months and 4-6 years OR: 2 doses, 4 weeks apart if older than 13 years old. What are contraindications to the varicella vaccine? - ANSWER Anaphylactic reaction to gelatin or neomycin. CANCER. Ranolazine - What is it used for? - Interactions? - What can you take it with? - ANSWER - Used with amlodipine for chronic stable angina. - Cannot use with digoxin and simvastatin. - Amlodipine STATIN DRUGS (Simvastatin, Lovastatin, Pravastatin, Rosuvastatin, Fluvastatin, Pitavastatin, Simvastatin + Ezetimibe) - Complications? - Avoid? - What labs do you monitor? (6 levels/tests) - ANSWER - All statins are used to LOWER LDL cholesterol. - Complications: hepatotoxicity (evidenced by increased AST), myopathy (CK level). - Avoid grapefruit juice. - Baseline cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglyceride levels, liver function tests, and kidney function tests. MYCIN DRUGS (Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Neomycin, Streptomycin, Paromomycin) - What is it used for? - Complications? - Interactions? - ANSWER - Used to treat gram-negative bacilli (E. Coli, UTI) - Complications: -- ototoxicity (tinnitus, headache, hearing loss, nausea, dizziness, vertigo) -- nephrotoxicity (I&O, BUN, creatinine) -- intense neuromuscular blockage (respiratory depression, muscle weakness) -- Hypersensitivity - Interactions: Penicillin, loop diuretics -OLOL DRUGS (Metoprolol, Atenolol, Emolol, Propranolol, Nadolol, Carvedilol, Labetalol) - What is it used for? - Complications? - Contraindications/Precautions? - ANSWER - Used for primary hypertension, angina, tachydysrhythmias, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. - Complications: bradycardia (50/min), decreased cardiac output (shortness of breath, edema, weight gain, fatigue). - Contraindicated for clients who have AV block, sinus bradycardia, asthma, bronchospasm, heart failure. Use cautiously in patients with myasthenia Gravis, hypotension, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes mellitus, depression, and severe allergies.