Quiz answers Chapters 1-3 questions and answers, latest updated

Quiz answers Chapters 1-3 questions and answers, latest updated A literature review is best defined as A comprehensive and exhaustive analysis of all related published research A comparison of previous studies to the present study Correct Answer An overview of the pertinent literature on a published topic You Answered A discussion of the present study's results in comparison to existing literature ... Scientist Practitioner (SP) model integration of research and therapy Scientist practitioner researchers who use data-based interventions that have been proven to be effective through research Empirically Supported Treatments (EST) treatments that have been found to have important effects on specific problems Representativeness sampling concept that indicates the sample provides researchers access to the data needed and can provide the same results as studying an entire population Validity the extent to which the results of a measurement or procedure actually serve the purpose for which it is intended. Reliability the extent to which the results of a measurement or procedure are consistent from one measurement to another. Research question A statement of the problem and its significance. Random sampling every person in the population has an equal and independent opportunity to participate in the research. Stratified random sampling method which ensures that identified subgroups are represented in the sample; each subgroup is sampled equally Cluster sampling A successive series of random samples used when the overall population under consideration is too large for simple random sampling methods. Convenience sampling made up of the members of the larger population that are more accessible to the researcher; gathered based on non-random methods; also known as opportunity samples. The Scientist-Practitioner model Provides direction for developing evidenced based treatment practices Which of the following defines characteristics with more than one attribute or value that can be observed or manipulated Variables of interest One of the primary applications of counseling research is Improving/controlling behavior Something that has influenced the need for a Scientist Practitioner approach to counseling is The practice of counseling has become increasingly time-limited Counselors primarily conduct research in order to: a)Inform practice b)Become published authors c)Benefit clients d)a & b e)a & c e) a&c The Scientist-Practitioner model was formulated as a way to Integrate research and therapy An inference or speculation that is indicative of the researcher's best estimation of the projected results of the research is the Hypothesis Researchers wishing to study characteristics of a particular group of people need to consider: a)Sample size b)Total population c)Generalizability d)All of the above e)a & c only d)All of the above Guiding the direction of the research, which of the following defines the relationship between what you want to know and how you intend to discover this knowledge through research? Research question Researchers wishing to study categorical variables would use which research design? Quantitative Which of the following is true regarding research questions? a)It is a statement of the problem and its significance b)They can be in declarative or question form c)It must be specific in focus and intention d)All of the above are true regarding research questions d)All of the above are true regarding research questions A best practice approach to counseling Integrates clinical experience and empirically validated treatment approaches ALL BUT WHICH are true regarding sample size a)Realistically, the larger the sample the greater the generalizability b)Trade-off occurs between the most desirable size and the most practical size c)There are absolute minimum numbers that must be met for a study to be valid d)Subject availability and cost factors are legitimate considerations c)There are absolute minimum numbers that must be met for a study to be valid The Scientist-Practitioner model proposes three roles for the practicing counselor. They include ALL BUT WHICH of the following: a)Producers of new data b)Manuscript authors or co-authors c)Consumers of research d)Evaluators of effective therapy b)Manuscript authors or co-authors When a researcher is interested in linking or making an association between two or more phenomena, the design that should be used is Relational A systematic investigation which involves collecting, analyzing, and interpreting information in a sequential manner in order to increase our understanding of the phenomenon of interest is also known as Research Concerns related to counseling research include ALL BUT WHICH of the following? a)As a profession, counselors are paying increasing attention to the efficacy of practice b)Counseling journals sponsored by ACA divisions are lacking in manuscript submissions c)Changes in funding requirements make research necessary d)Managed care requires counselors to examine treatment practices b)Counseling journals sponsored by ACA divisions are lacking in manuscript submissions Which of the following is true regarding the hypothesis? It is a tentative or potential answer to the proposed research questions Characteristics of quality research include ALL BUT WHICH of the following: a)A focus on a small slice of a large problem b)Being limited in scope c)Broad research questions in order to maximize generalizability d)Clearly defined research problem c)Broad research questions in order to maximize generalizability Research designs that include selecting participants from identified subgroups within the total population employ Stratified sampling Research ethics the "study or science of right and wrong - of what one ought to do when confronted with conflicting values or obligations". Research integrity "a commitment to intellectual honesty and personal responsibility" and "adherence to rules, regulations, guidelines, and commonly accepted professional codes or norms" Responsible conduct of research (RCR) conducting research in ways that fulfill the professional responsibilities of researchers, as defined by their professional organization, the institutions for which they work, and when relevant, the government and public. The Belmont Report the foundation of the majority of ethical codes surrounding research human subjects. Beneficence to do good Justice questions concerning who has to bear the burden of risks and who should receive the benefits of research; ensures fair treatment Institutional Review Board (IRB) examines a research study prior to it being conducted in order to weigh the risks versus benefits, determine how the client will be directly impacted, protections in place for possible risks, procedures participants will endure, and the method of informed consent. Researchers in which of the following examples did not inform participants they were being injected with cancer out of fear that is would frighten the participants and out of a belief that consent was not necessary? a)Nazi Medical War Crimes b)Tuskegee Syphilis study c)Jewish Chronic Disease hospital study d)Willowbrook study c)Jewish Chronic Disease hospital study Which of the following is not true about The Belmont Report? a)Was created by the National Commission for Research Ethics b)Arose out of the legal implications of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study c)Is the cornerstone document of research ethics d)All of the above are true a)Was created by the National Commission for Research Ethics The ACA ethical code related to relationships between researchers and research participants a)Is similar to the codes related to relationships between counselors and clients b)States that nonprofessional relationships with participants is always avoidable c)Differs from codes related to counselors and their clients because nonprofessional relationships are encouraged between researchers and research participants d)Does not address documentation of rationale for the proposed interaction a)Is similar to the codes related to relationships between counselors and clients All but which of the following are competencies to guide researchers who work with individuals from diverse backgrounds? a)Counselor use of appropriate intervention strategies b)Counselor fluency in multiple languages c)Counselor awareness of client's world view d)Counselor awareness of own cultural values and biases b)Counselor fluency in multiple languages ALL BUT WHICH are some of the core areas for counselors to consider if they are to engage in RCR? a)Mentor/trainee relationships b)Writing for publication c)Research misconduct d)Conflict of interest and commitment b)Writing for publication Questions related to who bears the burden of risks and who should receive the benefits of research fall under the principle of? a) Respect for persons b) Beneficence c) Justice d) Veracity c) Justice Researchers who practice with "a commitment to intellectual honesty and personal responsibility" and "adherence to rules, regulations, guidelines. and commonly accepted professional codes" are considered to be following the principles of: a)Research norms b)Ethical mandates c)Research integrity d)Client anonymity c)Research integrity Belmont Report principles include ALL BUT WHICH of the following: a)Respect for persons b)Beneficence c)Justice d)Veracity d)Veracity Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) is: a)Exemplified in the counselor who follows the ethical codes and maintains research integrity b)Defined as "conducting research in ways that fulfill the professional responsibilities of researchers, as defined by their professional organization, the institutions for which they work, and when relevant, the government and public" c)Required by law d)All of the above e)a & b only e)a & b only The quality or state of doing or producing good is known as: a)Respect for persons b)Beneficence c)Justice d)Veracity b)Beneficence One of the longest running unethical research projects known was: a)Nazi Medical War Crimes b)Tuskegee Syphilis study c)Jewish Chronic Disease hospital study d)Willowbrook study b)Tuskegee Syphilis study Reporting results of research: a)Contains no inherent ethical pitfalls b)Requires accuracy as well as a responsibility to report both significant and insignificant results c)Does not require the researcher to be concerned about plagiarism as journal editors will address citation issues d)None of the above b)Requires accuracy as well as a responsibility to report both significant and insignificant results In the study by Davis, Wester and King (in press) reported in the chapter, the researchers found that 24% of respondents: a)reported a willingness to use deceptive practices to get clients to participate in a research study b)indicated they would be extremely likely to report inaccurate results in order to get a grant or get published c)self-reported a likelihood that they would unethically compensate participants to get a study off the ground d)indicated that they would never engage in unethical research practices a)reported a willingness to use deceptive practices to get clients to participate in a research study Examples of ethical concerns related to research include ALL BUT WHICH of the following: a)Issues of informed consent b)Client anonymity c)Ensuring best treatment for clients d)Fees and billing arrangement for counseling appointments d)Fees and billing arrangement for counseling appointments The Belmont principle that references the concepts that individuals should be treated as autonomous agents and provides protection for those with diminished autonomy is: a)Respect for persons b)Beneficence c)Justice d)Veracity a)Respect for persons An event which involved extreme medical experiments which tormented patients to death in the name of science was: a)Nazi Medical War Crimes b)Tuskegee Syphilis study c)Jewish Chronic Disease hospital study d)Willowbrook study a)Nazi Medical War Crimes The strongest implication related to unethical research practices in counseling is: a)Concern for client or human participant harm b)Poor research writing/reporting c)Data storage procedures d)A well-documented history of client death in counseling research practices a)Concern for client or human participant harm