NUR 163 Exam 1 with 100% Correct Answers 2023

NUR 163 Exam 1 with 100% Correct Answers 2023 Health - Correct Answer-A complex phenomenon that involves physical, mental, and spiritual aspects Wellness - Correct Answer-A way of life oriented toward optimal health and well-being. Nourishment - Correct Answer-Life and wellness require nourishment. Nourishment comes in the form of food, exercise, sleep, relationships, meaningful work, the environment, and memories. A person with an illness rarely describes the illness in terms of their diagnosis. Instead, they describe the illness as: - Correct Answer-The way it makes them feel. (Pain, sadness, loss, fatigue, overwhelmed) Normalcy - Correct Answer-One aspect of persevering in illness and life disruption is maintaining as much normalcy as possible. Normalcy helps clients cope with illness. People who are suffering experience: - Correct Answer-Loneliness. Part of aloneness can be related to the actual physical separation, part of it from a sense of the world going on without them, and part of it from a sense of no one really being in their world. What factors can influence a person's response to disruptions? - Correct Answer-Age Family patterns Culture Hardiness Support Access to healthcare resources The stage and nature of the illness and the intensity, duration, and multiplicity of the disruption. What is a large and growing healthcare concern, especially among older adults? - Correct Answer-Chronic illness Name the top three risks for functional decline. - Correct Answer-1. Cognitive impairment 2. Depression 3. Disease burden What are some ways we can ease patients' disruptions as a result of admission, transfers, and discharge from a healthcare setting? - Correct Answer-Discharge planning, communication, coordination, and teaching. How does the World Health Organization define health? - Correct Answer->The World Health Organization (WHO) initially defined health as "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" (WHO, 1948). >In 1986 WHO redefined health as "a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities". How does Traditional Chinese medicine define health? - Correct Answer-A balance between yin and yang. How does Ayurveda describe health? - Correct Answer-Describes health as the trinity of body, mind, and spiritual awareness. How did Florence Nightingale (1859) define health? - Correct Answer-She believed that health was the prevention of disease through the use of fresh air, pure water, efficient drainage, cleanliness, and light. How did nursing theorist Jean Watson (1979) describe health? - Correct Answer-She believed that health implies at least three elements: (1) a high level of overall physical, mental, and social functioning; (2) a general adaptive-maintenance level of daily functioning; and (3) the absence of illness (or the presence of efforts that lead to its absence). Explain how full-spectrum nurses define health and illness. - Correct Answer-Nurses understand health and illness as individual experiences, emerging from each patient's unique responses. Identify factors that disrupt health. - Correct Answer-Factors that disrupt health include physical disease, injury, mental illness, pain, loss, impending death, competing demands, the unknown, imbalance, and isolation. Define hardiness. - Correct Answer-Hardiness has been described as developing a very strong positive force to live—and enjoying the fight. It also involves willingness to draw on resources from within oneself or from others to break out of old patterns of living when life situations change. Hardy people seek information and take initiative in dealing with life situations. They have an "I can deal with this" attitude. Explain how you can promote patient trust during admissions, transfers, and discharges. - Correct Answer-Patient trust can be promoted by supporting patients through transitions such as admission, transfer, and discharge from the institution—in helping them adjust to the new environment. Trust is built on the relationship you begin building with your first patient contact. You need to have plans in place and have supplies and equipment already prepared for each of these transitions. Patient and family teaching are essential. Greet the client and introduce yourself; keep the patient informed about what to expect and what is expected of him or her. Establish a relationship with the client. Take time to get to know your client. Try to set a tone of caring, respect, and understanding. Coordinate and communicate with other department and community services to obtain the care your client needs. Health Belief - Correct Answer-Characterized by the relationship between what a person believes and how a person acts Host-agent environment - Correct Answer-A causative model seeking a source or cause of illness Holistic - Correct Answer-The unique interaction of an individual's mind, body, and spirit within the universe Acute Illness - Correct Answer-Develops quickly and lasts a limited amount of time. Chronic Illness - Correct Answer-Often develop gradually and can last a person's lifetime. Primary Prevention - Correct Answer-The implementation of programs aimed to reduce illness by preventing occurrence. Secondary prevention - Correct Answer-Aimed at reducing the incidence of illness through early identification and treatment of illness. Tertiary prevention - Correct Answer-The reduction of the residual effects of illness after the development of the illness. It is after visiting hours when the minister from John's church stops by to visit him. By allowing the minister to visit, the nurse demonstrates recognition of the influence of _________ on the healing process. - Correct Answer-Spirituality What is the primary reason pediatric units encourage families to stay with young patients? - Correct Answer-Increase involvement of the family in the plan of care What is the goal of analyzing client assessment data about nutrition, exercise, leisure activities, spirituality, and home environment? - Correct Answer-Provide the information needed to describe related causal factors A 28-year-old client underwent surgery for testicular cancer. Which factor might increase the client's recovery time? - Correct Answer-History of tobacco use (Increases recovery time from illness, injury, and surgery) When do people typically begin to increase awareness of the compelling reality of death? - Correct Answer-Middle age Which health conditions would be considered acute illness? - Correct AnswerAppendicitis What is the most important reason for a nurse to remain calm, greet the patient by name, and introduce herself to a new patient, even when the nurse is upset by something else that has happened? - Correct Answer-These actions help to establish a trusting relationship. A nurse is admitting a 75-year-old patient to the nursing unit, accompanied by his son. Using a life span approach to care, which of the following is essential for the nurse to do? - Correct Answer-Ask the patient whether he has had any falls in the past year. The nurse is responsible for setting up special equipment (e.g., oxygen, suction). Aside from that, which of the following procedures can the nurse delegate in its entirety to nursing assistive personnel (NAP)? - Correct Answer-Preparing a room for a newly admitted patient In an effort to promote health, the home health nurse opens the client's bedroom windows to let in fresh air and sunlight, washes her hands often, and teaches the patient and family about the importance of hygiene and cleanliness. This most closely illustrates the ideas of which of the following people? - Correct Answer-Florence Nightingale Which of the following is known to be a healthy strategy for coping with stress? - Correct Answer-Performing meaningful work Which family would most likely be helpful in encouraging the client to experience a high level of wellness? A family who: - Correct Answer-Teaches negotiation skills and independence When developing goals, which guideline should the nurse keep in mind? Goals should be: - Correct Answer-Realistic so that progress is recognized by the patient Which one of the following important nursing actions is a hospitalized patient likely to experience on an emotional level and remember long after this hospitalization has ended? - Correct Answer-Providing a healing presence by listening and being attentive Which statement best describes the health-illness continuum? - Correct Answer-Health and illness are along a continuum that cannot be divided. What are the DRIs? - Correct Answer-DRIs are "dietary reference intakes" established by the National Academy of Sciences in a collaborative effort of the United States and Canada to promote the consumption of healthful nutrient levels by all Americans. What is the body's most usable energy source? - Correct Answer-Carbohydrates, especially glucose, provide the most usable energy. Which nutrient's primary function is growth and repair of tissue? - Correct Answer-The primary function of dietary protein is the growth and repair of body tissues. Secondarily, proteins attract water in the bloodstream and contribute to regulating fluid balance in the body. They function as buffers for regulating acid-base balance. Proteins are a secondary energy source. They are also involved in immune defense. Which type of vitamin requires daily consumption to maintain appropriate levels? - Correct Answer-Water-soluble vitamins require daily intake because they are eliminated in the urine with little storage in the body. Which age group experiences a growth spurt second only to that of infants? - Correct Answer-Adolescents Why are energy (kcal) requirements less for older adults? - Correct Answer-For older adults, lean body mass is lost and appetite, physical activity, and BMR decrease, resulting in slightly reduced energy requirements. List nutrients that may be more difficult to supply through a vegetarian diet. - Correct Answer-Vitamin B12, protein, calcium, iron, zinc, and vitamin D. Vegans must supplement these nutrients and calcium or consume foods fortified with them. Why is it important to identify the serum albumin level? - Correct Answer-Serum albumin levels are useful in identifying chronic nutritional deficiency and malnutrition. Which food provides the only animal source of carbohydrate? - Correct Answer-Milk During an admission assessment, the patient reports that he takes vitamin E supplements twice a day. The nurse should explain that taking vitamin E supplements twice a day: - Correct Answer-Can lead to toxicity The nurse is preparing an enteral feeding for a patient who will be receiving intermittent feedings via nasogastric tube for the first time. The patient is conscious. Which of the following is the priority intervention before administering this feeding? - Correct AnswerObtain an x-ray of the chest and abdomen. The head of the bed of a patient who is receiving enteral feedings is elevated to 45 degrees. Which complication associated with enteral feedings does this intervention help prevent? - Correct Answer-Aspiration During parenteral nutrition administration, a nurse breaks sterile technique. For which complication does this place the patient at risk? - Correct Answer-Sepsis An adult patient who is receiving a continuous enteral feeding at 80 ml/hr has a residual volume of 120 ml 6 hours after the last check. How should the nurse proceed? - Correct Answer-Hold the feeding for 1 hour, and recheck Which action should the nurse take after administering a dose of medication through a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube? - Correct Answer-Flush the tube with 30 mL of water The nurse is caring for a patient who has multiple fractures from a skiing accident. To best promote bone growth, the nurse should encourage the patient to eat foods high in calcium and vitamin D. Which food selection by the client indicates an understanding of foods that are high in calcium? - Correct Answer-Tofu A patient has anemia. An appropriate goal for that the patient would be for him to increase his intake of which nutrient? - Correct Answer-Iron Patients may be deficient in which vitamin during the winter months? - Correct AnswerD Which organ relies almost exclusively on glucose for energy? - Correct Answer-Brain Health promotion - Correct Answer-Refers to helping clients develop an optimal state of health. Intention - Correct Answer-The difference between health promotion and health protection (illness prevention). Primary intervention - Correct Answer-Designed to prevent or slow the onset of disease. Secondary interventions - Correct Answer-Designed to detect illnesses in early stages Tertiary interventions - Correct Answer-Focus on stopping the disease from progressing and on rehabilitation. Pender's Health Promotion Model (HPM) - Correct Answer-Identifies three groups of variables that affect health behavior: (1) individual characteristics and experiences; (2) behavior-specific cognitions and affect; and (3) behavioral outcome. Health promotion activities for all age groups include: - Correct Answer-Nutrition, exercise, safety concerns, changing unhealthy lifestyles, immunizations, and screenings. A health promotion assessment involves : - Correct Answer-Obtaining a health history, physical examination, fitness assessment, lifestyle and risk appraisal, life stress review, assessment of healthcare beliefs, nutritional assessment, and screening activities Health screening activities are designed to: - Correct Answer-Detect disease at an early stage so that treatment can begin before there is an opportunity for disease to spread or reduce the quality of life. Health screening activities vary based on: - Correct Answer-Developmental stage and identified risk factors. Nurses promote health through: - Correct Answer-Role models, counseling, health education, and providing and facilitating support. How does health promotion differ from health protection? - Correct Answer-Health promotion is motivated by the desire to increase well-being. Health promotion is related to individual lifestyle and involves making choices that affect one's health prospects. Examples include physical activity, nutrition, tobacco and alcohol use, and family planning. Health protection is directed at preventing illness. Examples include safety, environmental conditions, exercise, and nutrition. What are the six dimensions of health represented by the spokes on the wellness wheel? - Correct Answer-Physical Mental Emotional Social/family Occupational Spiritual Identify the stages of change identified by Prochaska and DiClemente. - Correct Answer-Pre contemplation Contemplation Determination Action stage Maintenance stage Termination Describe the four main types of health promotion programs. - Correct AnswerDisseminating information. Programs for changing lifestyle and behavior (stop smoking, etc) Environmental-control programs. (air, water, etc) Wellness assessment and health risk appraisal programs. (promote health and fight disease- found online and in fitness magazines) What role does stress play in health promotion? - Correct Answer-Stress triggers physiological responses that may, over time, induce illness. Stress includes life change events and daily hassles. For some people, life events may contribute more to individual hardiness than to vulnerability. Identify strategies to help a client engage in positive lifestyle change. - Correct AnswerRole modeling Counseling Providing health education Facilitating support Winona has made the decision to stop smoking; her father was just diagnosed with lung cancer, and she fears that she will also develop this disease. This is an example of which of the following? - Correct Answer-Health protection Which of the following statements would indicate a patient is likely to comply with a newly prescribed low-sodium diet? - Correct Answer-"I know we are going to have to buy some different foods now, even if they don't taste as good." Which of the following health promotion programs would have the greatest overall effect on the intended participants? - Correct Answer-An exercise program started in a county school system A man converts a room in his home into a workout area. He uses the gym on a regular basis to improve his health. As his muscle strength improves, he adds more machines, which, in turn, enable him to work on his cardiovascular health. This is an example of which of the following? - Correct Answer-Pender's Health Promotion Model A tennis professional had surgical repair of a rotator cuff injury and is now participating in physical therapy. This is an example of which of the following? - Correct AnswerTertiary prevention A patient with a 30-year history of tobacco use has decided to quit smoking and is preparing a plan to ensure that she is successful in this endeavor. Which of the change stages identified by Prochaska and DiClemente is this patient experiencing? - Correct Answer-Determination When assessing the level of cardiorespiratory fitness in healthy, middle-aged adults without joint restriction or mobility impairment, what screening activity would be most suitable for the nurse to ask the patient to perform? - Correct Answer-Step test The nurse would advise which patient to have a fasting lipid panel performed at least once every 5 years? Select all that apply. - Correct Answer-1) Adult with total cholesterol greater than 150 mg/dL 2) All adults 20 years and older 3) Children exceeding 95% for weight The nurse planning a health promotion and wellness screening program considers which factor as the greatest risk for cardiovascular disease? - Correct Answer-BMI greater than 30 The nurse would try to identify the patient's locus of control when trying to change health promotion behavior because she wanted to determine which of the following? Select all that apply. - Correct Answer-1) Perception of powerlessness 3) Feeling of being in charge of own health In the Leavell and Clark model of health protection, the chief distinction between the levels of prevention is: - Correct Answer-The point in the disease process at which they occur. The muscle strength of a woman weighing 132 pounds who is able to lift 72 pounds would be recorded as 0.55. The nurse explains this to the client as the: - Correct Answer-Ability of a muscle to perform repeated movements. Which is one of the greatest concerns with heavy and chronic use of alcohol in teens and young adults? - Correct Answer-Unintentional Death The World Health Organization's definition of health includes which of the following? Select all that apply. - Correct Answer-2) Physical well-being 3) Mental well-being 4) Social well-being Health promotion programs assist a person to advance toward optimal health. Which of the following activities might such programs include? Select all that apply. - Correct Answer-1) Disseminating information 2) Changing lifestyle and behavior 4) Environmental control programs Family - Correct Answer-A group of individuals who provide physical, emotional, economic, and/or spiritual support while maintaining involvement in each other's lives. Examples of family structure are: - Correct Answer-The traditional nuclear family Dual-earner families Single-parent families Stepfamilies Blended families Married couples with no children Extended family sharing dwelling Family nursing views the family from three