Pharmacology Exam 1, questions and answers| A+ content, latest updated

Pharmacology Exam 1, questions and answers| A+ content, latest updated During the implementation phase of the nursing process for medication administration, which procedure is considered essential? a. Monitor the patient's response to the drug therapy b. Following the five rights of medication administration c. Establishing measurable and realistic outcomes d. Use NANDA nursing dagnoses to plan care delivery b. Following the five rights of medication administration The nurse would recognize which of these as the five rights of medication administration? a. Right patient, right teaching, right form of drug, right transcription, right response b. Right room, right time, right storage, right chart, right signature c. Right drug, right time, right patient, right dose, right route d. Right drawer, right documentation, right dosage calculation, right drug preparation, right pharmacy c. right drug, right time, right patient, right dose, right route The nurse is reviewing a prescription for a medication that a patient is to receive, which component is recognized as being required as a part of the prescription? a. The prescriber signature b. The patient's diagnosis c. The patient's age d. The patient's weight a. The prescriber signature How would the nurse best describe the half life of a drug? a. It is the time it takes for one half of the original available drug to be removed. b. It is the time it takes for the drug to reach half way to the peak level. c. It is the time it would take for a 50 mg tablet to be at 25 mgs remaining. d. It is the time it takes for the drug to be eliminated and non-effective. a. It is the time it takes for one half of the original available drug to be removed The nurse is drawing blood to evaluate the therapeutic levels of a drug dose. Which level indicates that maximum therapeutic response of the drug is achieved? A. Onset level. B. Trough level. C. Random level. D. Peak Level. d. Peak level The nurse is preparing for an acute medication intervention, which route is understood to provide the most rapid delivery in to the circulation of blood? Select one: A. The parenteral route. B. The topical route. C. The enteral route. D. Oral liquids. a. The parenteral route The nurse is describing the generic name of a drug to a patient. Which statement best represents the meaning of the generic name? Select one: A. This is the proprietary name of the drug given by the manufacturer that is trademarked. B. This is the common name by which most everyone refers to the drug. C. This is the name given to the drug based on the chemical structure. D. This is a non-proprietary name given by the United States Adopted Name Council. D. This is a non-proprietary name given by the United States Adopted Name Council. A pregnant woman is prescribed a medication, while teaching the patient, the nurse explains that which pregnancy category drug would be the safest? Select one: A. "B" B. "D" C. "X" D. "A" D. "A" Which feature of a pediatric patient would the nurse recognize as most affecting the distribution of a fat soluble drug? Select one: A. The slower gastric emptying. B. The lower serum protein levels. C. The gastric acid level. D. The total body water (TBW). D. The total body water (TBW). Which factor is most involved in the elderly as a reason for polypharmacy? Select one: A. Decreased gastric acid levels. B. Reduced cardiovascular functioning. C. Greater incidence of chronic illness. D. Reduced OTC availability. C. Greater incidence of chronic illness. During which phase of drug approval is a large population used and may include two groups, where one group receives medication and the other group does not? Select one: a. Phase I. b. Phase III. c. Phase IV. d. Phase II. b. Phase III. The nurse is preparing to administer a controlled substance to a patient. Which schedule class is the most concern for potential abuse? Select one: a. C-VI. b. C-V. c. C-IV. d. C-III. d. C-III. The nurse is discussing gene therapy in a continuing education class. Which is the best definition of eugenics? Select one: a. Developing new drugs based on gene therapy. b. Using gene therapy to prevent disease. c. Intentional selection, before birth, of genotypes that are considered more desirable than others. d. The determination of genetic factors that influence a person's response to medications. c. Intentional selection, before birth, of genotypes that are considered more desirable than others. Which is the most important compound that transfers genes from parents to offspring? Select one: a. RNA. b. DNA. c. Chromatin. d. Alleles. b. DNA. In order to prevent medication errors, which recommendation will help in prevention of confusing doses? Select one: a. Question every medication prescription. b. Ask another nurse to read written orders c. Ask the physician for verbal orders. d. Avoid medical shorthand and abbreviations. d. Avoid medical shorthand and abbreviations. The student nurse is preparing medications for administration. Which factor would most likely contribute to making a mistake? Select one: a. Preparing the medication in a quiet area, with drug reference materials. b. The careful review of the medication order by a pharmacist, prior to dispensing. c. An anxious nurse asking to get to the medication cart for her medications. d. An instructor asking questions, and allowing time to think or look up responses. c. An anxious nurse asking to get to the medication cart for her medications. The nurse is planning the education for a patient going home on medications. Which outcome criteria best represents a comprehensive outcome? Select one: a. The patient will demonstrate the proper administration of medications prior to discharge. b. The patient will no longer have symptoms of their current disease. c. The patient will take all medications as prescribed and not be readmitted to the hospital. d. The patient will report any adverse reactions to their primary care provider. a. The patient will demonstrate the proper administration of medications prior to discharge. Which assessment data would the nurse consider essential prior to beginning an education session with their patient? Select one: a. The patient's need to know the information. b. The patient's home status, and safety. c. The patient's organization ability. d. The patient's readiness to learn, and timing. d. The patient's readiness to learn, and timing. The nurse is discussing the use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications with a patient. Which statement by the nurse best indicates a reason for discussing what the patient is taking with a health care provider? Select one: a. "When OTC medications are taken there will be ongoing disease processes." b. "All OTC medications can eliminate a disease, and should be used first." c. "OTC medications can interact with the prescribed medications." d. "The OTC medications are not safe enough to just take them." c. "OTC medications can interact with the prescribed medications." When discussing herbal products with a patient it is important for the nurse to include which information with them? Select one: a. These products are safe because they are all natural. b. None of these products have been found to ever be unsafe. c. These products are not required to prove efficacy or safety. d. These products provide no additional positive effects and should be avoided. c. These products are not required to prove efficacy or safety. A patient with renal insufficiency is being changed from morphine sulfate to hydromorphone (Dilaudid) opiod analgesics for pain control. What is essential for the nurse to recognize as the patient changes medications? Select one: a. The dose of the new medication should be increased for the same effect. b. The new medication is significantly more potent and requires a reduced dose. c. These drugs are extremely similar and only the frequency will be increased. d. Renal impairment will increase toxic metabolites with the new drug. b. The new medication is significantly more potent and requires a reduced dose. A patient is taking an opiod analgesic for acute pain rated 9/10 after abdominal surgery. Which adverse effect would the nurse need to respond to most rapidly? Select one: a. Patient complaint of constipation. b. Increased urination to 60 mL per hour. c. Heart rate elevation to 90 beats per minute. d. Respiratory rate reduced to 8 breaths per minute. d. Respiratory rate reduced to 8 breaths per minute. A patient is being given a medication for analgezia. Which effect does the nurse recognize as the therapeutic effect? Select one: a. Reduced fever. b. Reduced pain. c. Reduced GI upset. d. Reduced sleep. b. Reduced pain. A patient is being started on a buld-forming laxative for constipation. What is the best teaching by the nurse for this patient? Select one: a. Be close to a restroom immediately after taking this medication. b. Reduce fluid intake after mixing this medication in milk only. c. Take with a full cup of water and increase daily fluid intake. d. Notify the physician immediately if bowel movements are not daily. c. Take with a full cup of water and increase daily fluid intake. A patient with severe diarrhea has been taking diphenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil) a synthetic opiate agonist, with subtherapeutic anticholinergic. The nurse would recognize which signs indicating that too much is being taken? Select one: a. Increased bleeding, visual field obstruction, and hearing loss. b. Weight loss, heat intolerance, abdominial distention, and tearing. c. Slurred speech, bradycardia, and increased diarrhea. d. Dry mouth, abdominal pain, tachycardia, and blurred vision. d. Dry mouth, abdominal pain, tachycardia, and blurred vision. A patient is being started on an antihistmine (Benadryl) for nausea. What is most important for the nurse to include in the discharge education? Select one: a. You may develop pink tinged urine. b. Be sure to take the medication as often as you feel symptoms. c. You may need to urinate more often. d. You should avoid driving, or using heavy equipment. d. You should avoid driving, or using heavy equipment. A patient is on post-operative serotonin blocker (Ondansetron) for relief of nause and vomitting. Which assessment is the priority during it's use? Select one: a. Neurologic status especially pupilary reaction time. b. Temperature, protein intake, and blood glucose. c. Serum liver function, and blood pressure. d. Intake and output with serum electrolytes. d. Intake and output with serum electrolytes. The nurse is preparing to apply silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) a topical antiinfective, for a patient with 2nd and 3rd degree burns. Which nursing action would be best to apply the cream to the burn surfaces? Select one: a. Use a sterile-gloved hand to spread over the entire effected skin surface. b. Use cotton-tipped applicator, and tongue blade to provide even distribution. c. Prepare surgical suite for any exposure of the burned skin. d. Use gloved hand with multipuprose gloves, and apply to skin at the rim of the burn. a. Use a sterile-gloved hand to spread over the entire effected skin surface.