WGU C785 Biochemistry Units 2-7 |263 questions with correct answers

What is the basic structure of an amino acid? What do they look like? CORRECT ANSWER amino group (NH2 or NH3), carboxyl group (COO or COOH), alpha carbon (C), and variable group How do you identify the 3 different types of side chains: non-polar/hydrophobic, polar, and charged? CORRECT ANSWER Non-polar/hydrophobic - end with CH or "can't have" water. Polar - end with OH, SH, or NH. Charged - end with a charge what kinds of bonds do each of the 3 different types of side chains make? CORRECT ANSWER ionic, hydrophobic/non-polar, charged What are the 4 levels of protein structure? CORRECT ANSWER Primary - linear structure, Secondary - Folded into helix or pleated sheet caused by hydrogen bonding, tertiary - 3D structure caused by side chain interactions, quaternary - 1+ amino acid chains combine = multiple subunits MUST have 1+ subunit What environmental change breaks each type of bond? CORRECT ANSWER hydrophobic - temperature change, ionic - salt or decreased pH, hydrogen - temperature, change in pH, disulfide - reducing agents what type of amino acid side chain leads to protein aggregation? CORRECT ANSWER hydrophobic bonds how do environmental changes affect protein folding? CORRECT ANSWER Extreme temp can cause hydrogen bonds to break apart = malformation of protein folding how do mutations affect protein structure? CORRECT ANSWER Can cause structure to change. Protein loses form = loses function. May form a different protein. What is an electron? CORRECT ANSWER Negatively charged atom