Nutrition and Dietetics Final Exam Questions and Complete Solutions

What is health? Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity Six categories of nutrients Carbohydrates Proteins Minerals Vitamins Lipids/Fats Water Objectives of Diet and Nutrition 1- Energetic: provide energy required for all metabolic processes and also for physical activities 2- Plastic: formation and maintenance of structures 3- Regulatory: regulation of metabolic processes What does diet depend on? Availability Selection (depending on economic-educational factors, habits, traditions, etc.) Appetite Nutritional needs Difference between diet and nutrition Diet: voluntary, aware, can be taught (choice) Nutrition: Involuntary, unaware, cannot be taught Food Components Primary components: nutrients Secondary components: responsible for what food looks like -- color, smell, flavor/taste, texture Macronutrients provide bulk energy for metabolic system to function Carbs Fats Proteins Micronutrients provide necessary cofactors for metabolism; protective and regulatory functions Minerals Vitamins Essential nutrients cannot be synthesized internally at all, or in sufficient quantities, so must be consumed from outside source Nonessential nutrients can be generated by body although they may also often be absorbed from food