Spanish Subtest 2 Exam With 100% Correct Answers 2023

Spanish Subtest 2 Exam With 100% Correct Answers 2023 Middle Ages figures - Correct Answer-Alfonso X Alfonso X - Correct Answer-- most important figure in Spanish literature of the Middle Ages; King of Castile & León - Brought together the most learned men of the times to translate and write texts on various subjects such as history and astronomy 14th century - Correct Answer-- cowboy novels became popular (satires) - they described the supernatural adventures of its heroes 15th-17th centuries - Correct Answer-GOLDEN AGE - poetry became popular 15th century writers - Correct Answer-Jorge Manrique, Antonio de Nebrija, Garcilaso de la Vega Jorge Manrique - Correct Answer-famous poet who wrote poetry to honor his father - Henry Wordsworth Longellow has translated his work to English - "Copias a la muerte de su padre" Antonio de Nebrija - Correct Answer-wrote first Spanish grammar book Garcilaso de la Vega - Correct Answer-a soldier and poet who portrayed the renaissance - he introduced the "sonnet" to Spain Satire - Correct Answer-vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals and society itself into improvement - using wit as a weapon 16th century - Correct Answer-satirical novels Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra - Correct Answer-- Most famous for "Don Quixote"- one of the world's most read books. Satirical novel based on Idealism vs. Materialism Idealism: the world takes places entirely in our mind. Apart from our immediate perceptions and awareness of the world, there is no such thing as the outside, objective world Materialism: there is an objective world independent from our mind - He was a soldier, lost his arm in a war. Held prisoner by pirates. He was unlucky in both marriage and business- many years in prison due to bad debts and business deals Idealism - Correct Answer-the world takes places entirely in our mind. Apart from our immediate perceptions and awareness of the world, there is no such thing as the outside, objective world Materialism - Correct Answer-there is an objective world independent from our mind Lope de Vega - Correct Answer-- Wrote all types of works: most famous were dramas - Father of modern comedy - Creator of National Theatre of Spain - Prodigy - First Spanish dramatist to make a living as a playwright "La Arcadia", "La Dragontea", "El Isidro" Francisco de Quevedo - Correct Answer-- satirical writer - Spanish nobleman, politician, writer - Baroque era - Orphaned very young; from Madrid - Oftentimes the butt of jokes in Spain - novels, poetry, satire, theology, political Juan Ruiz de Alarcón - Correct Answer-- Mexican who returned to Spain in 1614 and became a playwright - He was hunch backed - Consistent thees of his plays: characters who lacked physical grace but possessed moral strength - only wrote 30 plays - his plays put down vices, honor, and virtue "La Verdad Sospechosa" Tirso de Molina - Correct Answer-- Spanish Baroque dramatist - poet famous for creating Don Juan - Roman Catholic monk Don Juan - Correct Answer-Tirso de Molina created this famous character/figure_____ Pedro Calderón de la Barca - Correct Answer-- Spanish dramatist, writer, poet of the Golden age - Plays primarily themed with honor - Most famous for "Life is a Dream"/ "La Vida es Sueño" - Explores the conflict between free will and predestination Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz - Correct Answer-- self-taught scholar and poet during Baroque - nun from Mexico - famous: being one of the most prodigious scholars of all time - wrote poetry to prose that affirmed women's rights - believed women had a right to an education 1713 - Correct Answer-When was the Academy of Spanish Language created? Academy of Spanish Language - Correct Answer-created to maintain the purity of the Spanish language 1700s - Correct Answer-When was the beginning of Romanticism? José de Epronceda 1800s - Correct Answer-- Famous Spanish Romantic poet - compared to Lord Byron, who was a British poet and leading figure in the Romantic movement Mariano José de Larra 1800s - Correct Answer-- very critical of the 19th century - famous critical essayist - he wrote under several pen names José Zorilla 1800s - Correct Answer-- Most famous for having written a drama based on Don Juan from a romantic perspective - Romantic poet and dramatist Gustavo Adolfo Becquet 1800s - Correct Answer-wrote many lyrics poems - express personal and emotional feelings Idealism 1800s (19th century) - Correct Answer-- followed Romanticism - See things in an ideal perfect manner - "could be" - our reality is shaped by our thoughts and ideas Fernan Caballero 1800s - Correct Answer-creator of "Costumbrista" novels - purpose: to poke fun at the customs of different regions Juan Valera - Correct Answer-presented a poetic representation of his home, Andalucia Benito Pérez Galdós Realist - Correct Answer-- most important Spanish novelist of the 19th century - Violent critic of religious intolerance and of social injustices (2nd to Cervantes) Emilia Pardo Bazán feminist lit - Correct Answer-- introduced naturalism and established contact between European and Spanish literature - mainly wrote about her home, Galicia Emilia Pardo Bazán - Correct Answer-Who introduced Naturalism to Spain? Armando Palacio Valdéz - Correct Answer-a popular novelist who wrote about the region of Andalucia and about the fisherman of Asturias Vicente Blasco Ibañez - Correct Answer-- very popular writer with Republican views. Not just famous in Spain but worldwide - his political ideas and beliefs were the basis of his several imprisonments - strongly believed in individual freedoms Rubén Darío - Correct Answer-- poet from Nicaragua, "Prince of Spanish Literature" by many Spaniards - His poems are a mixture of traditionalism, romanticism, and the poetic substance created from fusing such genres "father of Modernism" Generation of 1998 - Correct Answer-Because of the war of 1989, Spain lost control of what was left of its Colonial empire - Because of the disaster, young intellectual Spaniards got together to discuss the cultural and spiritual state of the country Francisco Giner de los Rios - Correct Answer-philosopher, professor of intellectuals - he founded "la escuela libre de Enseñanza" a center of liberal ideas Miguel de Unamuno - Correct Answer-philosopher, critic, poet and novelist who was fascinated with the gap between faith and reason and also lack of faith with the desire for immorality - after being kicked out of his chair position at a university for his ideas Idealists - Correct Answer-see things in an ideal perfect manner - our reality is shaped by our thoughts and ideas Realists - Correct Answer-pragmatic- actual view of the situation - reality exists independent from our thoughts and ideas Naturalist - Correct Answer-the natural universe and its natural laws operate the universe Modernism - Correct Answer-rejecting the traditional - rejecting the idea of God. Focus on new ways of beliefs and of doing things Ramón del Valle - Inclán- - Correct Answer-famous for the richness of his language - his prose can practically be called poetry - dramatist part of Generation 98 group Ramón Menéndez Pidal - Correct Answer-Important Spanish scholar - he was known for his medieval studies of literature and language in Spain - Worked on the history of the Spanish language Pio Baroja - Correct Answer-principle novelist of Generation 98 group - most of his novels were action oriented José Martínez Ruiz - Correct Answer-Wrote essays and novels - his works compare the old Spain with the modern Spain in simple and natural language Antonio Machado - Correct Answer-Was one of the most loved and respected Spanish poets of the century - short poems - introduced Rubén Daríos modernism in Spanish poetry - fundamental themes in his work Gregorio Martínez Sierra - Correct Answer-most famous for introducing/creating notable female characteristics in his works - some say his wife actually wrote a lot of his works José Ortega y Gasset - Correct Answer-philosopher and essayist who sought to depict Spain´s spiritual values and traditions Spanish Civil War - Correct Answer-Huge impact on writers and literature - many writers were against the dictatorship of Franco and left the country to write elsewhere - several were incarcerated and condemned to die Pablo Neruda - Correct Answer-Chilean poet who wrote poetry with its main theme being the historical power of Latin America and its reflection within its vitality and living sould - Won Nobel Prize Laureate 1971 Juan Ramón Jimenez - Correct Answer-Known as the creator of "pure poetry" - relocated to Puerto Rico - Nobel prize in literature in 1956 - wrote books in prose too Federica García Lorca - Correct Answer-- poet and dramatist who focused on folk themes and traditions - his theatrical work deals with human passion Jorge Guillén - Correct Answer-known for writing "pure" poetry (poetry created from abstractions and concepts) - he taught at many universities including Harvard and Wellesly Vicente Aleixandre - Correct Answer-Essayist and poet; received Nobel Prize for literature in 1977 - poetry is romantic and surrealistic at the same time with love as its central theme Alejandro Casona - Correct Answer-Dramatist who left Spain for Argentina (part of generation of 27) - 1927 a group of influential poets that arose between - shared desire to work with avant-garde forms of art and poetry Octavio Paz - Correct Answer-mexican writer and poet - his writings focused on the union of civil liberty and nature and its corresponding love - he is mexico´s most prestigious poet of the 20th century - won nobel prize for literature in 1990 After civil war 1939- - Correct Answer-a group of writers formed who had experienced atrocities first hand - their writing reflected influence of the war in their preoccupation with social problems and the economy Julian Marías - Correct Answer-contemporary philosopher and essayist - he has taught at Universidad de Madrid, Harvard, Yale, UCLA Camilo José Cela - Correct Answer-- the most famous contemporary Spanish novelist - his writing possesses a mocking tone - nobel prize literature 1989 Antonio Buero Vallejo - Correct Answer-wrote plays that modernize and give Spanish theatre dignity - wrote about/during the Spanish Civil War Gabriela Mistral - Correct Answer-Chilean educator, poet, and diplomat whose works of poetry were formed by the contemplations of death, faith, and motherhood - Latin-America´s first Nobel Prize in literature 1945 Miguel Delibes - Correct Answer-Spanish novelist who, through simple language, gives readers the reality of Spanish society and the humble man Carmen Laforet - Correct Answer-won Nobel Prize in Literature with a very controversial publication that dealt with the lack of spirituality in Spain after the war Jorge Luiz Borges - Correct Answer-Argentina´s most prolific writer -fiction/science-fiction/imagination - themes are intellectually based - written in the form of short stories that compound philosophy and all/entire universe of its ideas José Hierro - Correct Answer-- most notable postwar poet - humanitarian poetry is deeply powerful without use of imagery Alfonso Sastre 1926-current - Correct Answer-Dramatist who write about society with the goal of sending a message to the public Juan Goytisolo 1931-current - Correct Answer-important contemporary novelist - presents problems and uncertainty of the times Antonio Gala 1930-current - Correct Answer-Poet and dramatist that presents modern themes using historical characters Gabriel García Márquez 1927-current - Correct Answer-Biggest figure- head of "Magic Realism" - he is a pioneer of the Latin-American "BOOM" - Nobel Prize for Literature in 1982 for his novel "Cien Años de Soledad" - He is Colombia´s most accomplished author - writes extensively in novels, short stories, and articles on the history and mosaic picture of daily life in Colombia magic realism - Correct Answer-casual meshing of supernatural and everyday events Catalan lit, Galian Lit, Formal Basque lit - Correct Answer-Spanish literature umbrella: Latin, Jewish, Arabic - Correct Answer-Spanish literature at times intersects with ____, ______, _____ literature traditions as sharing the Iberian peninsula Paleolithic Era 30,000-15,000 BC - Correct Answer-Prehistoric times literature was oral lyric traditions - associated with fertility, hunt, etc. - sometimes love ballads/heroic tales Alfonso X spanish prose - Correct Answer-king of Catille y León - first one to give recognition to prose with the help of several intellectuals, directed composition of many prose works Lyric poetry - Correct Answer-became popular in the middle ages - Jorge Manrique- "Copias a la muerte de su padre" - Juan Ruiz > finding peace and finality in religion >classical feelings of lament