NYU HAP EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

NYU HAP EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Central nervous sytem - CORRECT ANSWERS brain and spinal cord peripheral nervous system - CORRECT ANSWERS cranial and spinal nerves difference between sensory and motor neurons - CORRECT ANSWERS sensory neurons conduct impulses from receptors to CNS while motor neurons conduct impulses from CNS to effector sites 2 components of the autonomic nervous syste - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. sympathetic nervous system 2. parasympathetic nervous system sympathetic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWERS mobilizes body systems during activity somatic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWERS conducts impulses from the CNS to the skeletal system parasympathetic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWERS conserves energy and promotes housekeeping functions during rest Elements of health history for musculoskeletal system - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. history of arthritis, back pain, osteoporosis, gout, disk disease, joint pain, surgery on bones or joints? 2. do you lift or turn a lot at home or work? 3. limitations in walking or activities of daily living 5. use of mobility aids? 6. accidents, trauma? 7. exercise or sport? review of musculoskeletal system - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. joint: pain, stiffness, swelling, impaired joint mobility, sounds heard when joint moves, deformity 2. back: pain (location, radiation to extremities), stiffness, limitation of motion 3. muscles: pain, cramps, weakness, problem with coordinated activities, gait problems considerations for older adults' musculoskeletal system - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. any change in weakness recently? 2. history of falls? 3. use of mobility aids? order of objective assessment for the musculoskeletal system - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. inspection 2. palpation 3. range of motion 4. muscular strength elements of inspection in objective assessment of musculoskeletal system - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. size and contour of joints 2. color and swelling 3. masses and deformities 4. observe spine for lordosis, kyphosis, scoliosis elements of palpation in objective assessment of musculoskeletal system - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. heat and tenderness 2. swelling and masses elements of range of motions tests in objective assessment of musculoskeletal system - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. active/ passive 2. crepitation indications for grade 0 muscular strength - CORRECT ANSWERS no evidence of contractility indications for grade 1 muscular strength - CORRECT ANSWERS slight evidence of contractility indications for grade 2 muscular strength - CORRECT ANSWERS range of motion eliminating gravity (assisted) indications for grade 3 muscular strength - CORRECT ANSWERS range of motion with gravity indications for grade 4 muscular strength - CORRECT ANSWERS range of motion with gravity and some resistance indications for grade 5 muscular strength - CORRECT ANSWERS range of motion against gravity and full resistance pronated hand - CORRECT ANSWERS palm down supinated hand - CORRECT ANSWERS palm up