NP235 MedSurg complete solutions 2023
complete blood count test
Red blood cells, which carry oxygen
White blood cells, which fight infection
Hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells
Hematocrit, the proportion of red blood cells to the fluid component, or plasma, in the
blood
Platelets, which help with blood clotting
Red blood cells
The normal range:
for men, it is 5 million to 6 million cells/mcL
for women, it is 4 million to 5 million cells/mcL
comprise 45% of blood volume
round with a flattish, indented center, like doughnuts without a hole
Hemoglobin
The normal range:
for men is 14 to 17 grams per deciliter (gm/dL)
for women, it's 12 to 15 gm/dL
A protein inside red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to tissues and organs
in the body and carries carbon dioxide back to the lungs.
For a low RBC count, symptoms could include
Fatigue
shortness of breath
dizziness, weakness, or lightheadedness, particularly when a person changes position
quickly
increased heart rate
headaches
pale skin
For a high RBC count, symptoms such as:
fatigue
shortness of breath
joint pain
tenderness in the palms of the hands or soles of the feet
itching skin, particularly after a shower or bath
sleep disturbance
Hematocrit
blood test determines the percentage of red blood cells (RBC's) in the blood.
indicates the percentage of blood by volume that is composed of red blood cells.
"anemia" results from having too few red blood cells.
Hematocrit Range
, For men, 38.8 to 50 percent
For women, 34.9 to 44.5 percent
For children ages 15 and younger, the normal range varies by age and sex.
Hemoglobin Range
for men is 14 to 17 grams per deciliter (gm/dL)
for women, it's 12 to 15 gm/dL
Low hematocrit indicates
An insufficient supply of healthy red blood cells (anemia)
A large number of white blood cells due to long-term illness, infection or a white blood
cell disorder such as leukemia or lymphoma
Vitamin or mineral deficiencies
Recent or long-term blood loss
higher than normal hematocrit can indicate
Dehydration
A disorder, such as polycythemia vera, that causes the body to produce too many red
blood cells
Lung or heart disease
five different types of WBCs/leukocytes
neutrophils
lymphocytes
basophils
eosinophils
Monocytes.
WBC's are the military (they defend aganist foreign invaders)
White Blood Cell (WBC) normal range
4,500 to 10,000 cells per microliter (cells/mcL)
Platelets
also called thrombocytes, are special cell fragments that play an important role in
normal blood clotting.
normal platelet count
150,000 to 450,000 per microliter of blood.
Primary or essential thrombocytosis
Abnormal cells in the bone marrow cause an increase in platelets, but the reason is
unknown
Secondary thrombocytosis
caused by an ongoing condition or disease such as anemia, cancer, inflammation, or
infection
thrombocytopenia.
When a person does not have enough platelets
Symptoms include easy bruising, and frequent bleeding from the gums, nose, or GI
tract. Platelet counts drops when something is preventing the body from producing
platelets
Causes of thrombocytopenia
complete blood count test
Red blood cells, which carry oxygen
White blood cells, which fight infection
Hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells
Hematocrit, the proportion of red blood cells to the fluid component, or plasma, in the
blood
Platelets, which help with blood clotting
Red blood cells
The normal range:
for men, it is 5 million to 6 million cells/mcL
for women, it is 4 million to 5 million cells/mcL
comprise 45% of blood volume
round with a flattish, indented center, like doughnuts without a hole
Hemoglobin
The normal range:
for men is 14 to 17 grams per deciliter (gm/dL)
for women, it's 12 to 15 gm/dL
A protein inside red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to tissues and organs
in the body and carries carbon dioxide back to the lungs.
For a low RBC count, symptoms could include
Fatigue
shortness of breath
dizziness, weakness, or lightheadedness, particularly when a person changes position
quickly
increased heart rate
headaches
pale skin
For a high RBC count, symptoms such as:
fatigue
shortness of breath
joint pain
tenderness in the palms of the hands or soles of the feet
itching skin, particularly after a shower or bath
sleep disturbance
Hematocrit
blood test determines the percentage of red blood cells (RBC's) in the blood.
indicates the percentage of blood by volume that is composed of red blood cells.
"anemia" results from having too few red blood cells.
Hematocrit Range
, For men, 38.8 to 50 percent
For women, 34.9 to 44.5 percent
For children ages 15 and younger, the normal range varies by age and sex.
Hemoglobin Range
for men is 14 to 17 grams per deciliter (gm/dL)
for women, it's 12 to 15 gm/dL
Low hematocrit indicates
An insufficient supply of healthy red blood cells (anemia)
A large number of white blood cells due to long-term illness, infection or a white blood
cell disorder such as leukemia or lymphoma
Vitamin or mineral deficiencies
Recent or long-term blood loss
higher than normal hematocrit can indicate
Dehydration
A disorder, such as polycythemia vera, that causes the body to produce too many red
blood cells
Lung or heart disease
five different types of WBCs/leukocytes
neutrophils
lymphocytes
basophils
eosinophils
Monocytes.
WBC's are the military (they defend aganist foreign invaders)
White Blood Cell (WBC) normal range
4,500 to 10,000 cells per microliter (cells/mcL)
Platelets
also called thrombocytes, are special cell fragments that play an important role in
normal blood clotting.
normal platelet count
150,000 to 450,000 per microliter of blood.
Primary or essential thrombocytosis
Abnormal cells in the bone marrow cause an increase in platelets, but the reason is
unknown
Secondary thrombocytosis
caused by an ongoing condition or disease such as anemia, cancer, inflammation, or
infection
thrombocytopenia.
When a person does not have enough platelets
Symptoms include easy bruising, and frequent bleeding from the gums, nose, or GI
tract. Platelet counts drops when something is preventing the body from producing
platelets
Causes of thrombocytopenia
