Biology Praxis II 5235 ( Q&A A+ graded 100% verified latest update)

Biology Praxis II 5235 ( Q&A A+ graded 100% verified latest update) Taxonomy categories in order? Correct Answer: Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species Did King Phillip Cry Out "For Goodness Sakes!" human taxonomic levels? Correct Answer: Animalia, chordata, Mammalia, primatae, hominidae, homo sapiens "All cool men prefer heavy sideburns" phases of mitosis? Correct Answer: Interphase, prophase metaphase, anaphase, telophase I-PMAT 7 characteristics of all animals? Correct Answer: movement, reproduction, sensitivity, growth, respiration, excretion, nutrition MRS GREN cation verses anion? Correct Answer: Cations are PAWsitive, anion stands for "a negative ion" what do cells do in a hypotonic solution? Correct Answer: In a hypOtonic solution, the cell will swell up like an "O" when a cell is in a hypERRRRtonic solution, it shrivels and moans "ERRRRRR OIL RIG? Correct Answer: Oxidation Is Loss Reduction Is Gain What are the six stages of fertilization? Correct Answer: Contact, Entry, Blocks to polyspermy, Activation of cell, restart of Mitosis, and Amphimixis NADPH or NADP is in photosynthesis? Correct Answer: NADPH - P stands for photosynthesis hypertonic solution? Correct Answer: high concentration of solutes in proportion to solvent think: lots of sugar makes you hyper which bases are pyrimidines? Correct Answer: Cytosine, Uracil and Thymine are PYrimidines because you CUT a pie and are a single ring like a pie INtrons verses EXtrons in gene expression? Correct Answer: Introns are "IN THE WAY" and need to be removed; EXtrons are Expressed what does phloem transport? Correct Answer: Ph stands for food - phloem transports food and flows down from the leaves 11 human body systems? Correct Answer: SLIC MEN R RED Skeletal Lymphatic Integumentary Circulatory Muscular Endocrine Nervous Respiratory Reproductive Excretory Digestive mammalian vertebrate from top to bottom? Correct Answer: 7 - 12- 5 - 1 - 1 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar and then of course, it's 1 sacrum, 1 coccyx biological redox reactions? Correct Answer: oxidation is usually accompanied by a loss of protons (hydrogen ions) and reduction is accompanied by a gain of protons cellular respiration mnemonic? Correct Answer: Glycolysis slits carbs into PYs (pyruvates) to make lemon Krapes (citric acid cycle aka krebs cycle) and lots of ATP; in the ETC, oxygen accepts tired H+ and forms water glycolysis summary? Correct Answer: Glucose splits into two molecules of a 3-C sugar (in cytoplasm). In the process, 2 ATP, 2 pyruvic acid and 2 NADH are produced (final e' acceptor). Glycolysis can occur with or without oxygen. In the presence of oxygen, glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration. Without oxygen, glycolysis allows cells to make small amounts of ATP. This process is called fermentation. Krebs cycle summary? Correct Answer: mnemonic: Kreb kills carbs and loves lemons; and he lives in the mitochondria matrix. Forms NADH, ATP and FADH2 and spits out CO2. -pyruvate converted to acetyl CoA. Through a series of intermediate steps, several compounds capable of storing "high energy" e's are produced along with 2 ATP. These compounds, (NAD) and (FAD), are reduced in the process. These reduced forms carry the "high energy" e's to the ETC. The Citric Acid Cycle occurs only when oxygen is present but it doesn't use oxygen directly. what are major molecules in Krebs cycle? Correct Answer: PACO = pyruvate to Acetyl CoA to citric Acid to oxaloacetic acid ETC of cellular respiration and role of oxygen in cellular respiration? Correct Answer: Electron Transport requires oxygen directly. The ETC is a series of e' carriers in the membrane of the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells. Through a series of reactions, the "high energy" e's are passed to oxygen. In the process, a gradient is formed, and ultimately ATP is produced. -Oxygen accepts de-energized Hydrogens and forms water Universal Blood Recipient? Correct Answer: AB can get Anybody's Blood -transfusion of any blood type possible because AB blood lacks antibodies for A and B order of white blood cells from most abundant to least abundant? Correct Answer: Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils NEVER LET MONKEYS EAT BANANAS Universal dONor? Correct Answer: type O blood is the universal dOnOr purpose of light reactions of photosynthesis? Correct Answer: Make ATP and NADPH+ that will energize the Calvin cycle (dark reactions) which is when glucose is formed from carbon dioxide molecules where do light reactions take place in the chloroplast? Correct Answer: on the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast light reactions summary? Correct Answer: 1.Light reactions occur on the membranes of thylakoids 2.Photon absorbed by psII (P680 - chlorophyll b) 3.E excites an e' that is passed from e'-accepting molecule to molecule (ETC) until it reaches PSI 4.The lost e' in PSII is replaced by photolysis - splitting of water into H+ and O - the H+'s are kept inside the thylakoid and the O bonds with another O and is released as O2 5.As the e' travels down the ETC (or electron transport system) H+'s are pumped into the thylakoid 6.Electron from PSII eventually reaches PSI (P700 - chlorophyll a) where it is excited by another photon; the e' travels down the ETC and converts NADP+ to become NADPH 7.Also, H+ from the photolysis of water are used to generate ATP Photolysis of water in light reactions? Correct Answer: 2H2O --> 4 e' (replace lost ones in PSII) + 4H+ + 2O Oxidation and reduction of PSII? Correct Answer: PSII is oxidized when it loses its e' and then PSII is reduced when it retrieves an electron from water which returns PSII to its unexcited state. Relation btw ETC and Redox? Correct Answer: The ETC is a series of oxidation-reduction reactions --> molecule is reduced by gaining the e' and then the molecule is quickly oxidized by it losing the e'; the reduced molecule becomes the reducing agent for the next molecule. Role of plastoquinone (PQ) in the light reactions? Correct Answer: PQ's job is to bond with 2H+ in order to move the 2H+ ions from the stroma to the lumen inside the chloroplast. The e' from PSII is passed to PQ and PQ bonds with the 2H+ and then this bigger molecule diffuses through the thylakoid membrane and passes the e's to the next acceptor in the ETC (cytochrome b6f complex); the 2H+ are released into the lumen (cavity of the thylakoid membrane - think of thylakoid as flattened penne pasta) So...PQ moves H+'s from the stroma into the lumen - space within the thylakoid, AKA H+ pumping! What molecule transfers e's from PSII to PS1? Correct Answer: Cytochrome b6f complex, a pigment embedded in the thylakoid membrane, accepts the 2 e's from PQ; this occurs after PQ releases the 2H+'s into the lumen that it pulled out of the stroma. Cytochrome b6f complex passes the e's to plastocyanin. What is the ONLY biological molecule capable of oxidizing water? Correct Answer: PSII - the e's produced by the oxidation of water supply a steady source of e's for PSII! What is the antenna complex of the light reactions? Correct Answer: The conglomeration of pigment molecules and the "reaction center" which is where the photon is ultimately absorbed by an e' Role of NADP in light reactions? Correct Answer: NADP is the final e' acceptor in PS1 and is a hydrogen ion acceptor - the stored E in NADPH will be used in the Calvin cycle. Why build up H+ concentration in the lumen? Correct Answer: To generate ATP - the H+ pass thru ATP synthase embedded in the thylakoid membrane which results in the photophosphorylation of ADP proton motive force? Correct Answer: build up of H+ in the lumen (created by the movement of H+ from the stroma into the lumen by PQ) and then the movement of the H+'s thru ATP synthase for the generation of ATP from ADP - the ATP will be used to energize the dark reactions