NURS 611 Patho Exam 2 Review Intense Questions and Answers|2023 update

NURS 611 Patho Exam 2 Review Intense Questions and Answers |2023 update 1. Review: the parasympathetic system is all about what? Conserving energy, digesting, metabolism, and rest 2. The sympathetic nervous system primarily serves to protect an individual by doing which of the following? (select all that apply ) A. Decreasing mucous production B. Increasing blood sugar levels C. Increasing body temperature D. Decreasing sweat excretion E. Increasing blood pressure Increases blood sugar levels, increases body temperature, and increases blood pressure In general, sympathetic stimulation promotes re sponses that are concerned with the protection of the individual, which include increasing glucose, body temp, and BP. 3. Review: the sympathetic system is all about what? It’s all about mobilizing energy stores, for instance glucose to muscles, decreased release of insulin, redirects blood supply from the gut to the muscles, heart, and lungs. 4. Which characteristic is the most critical index of nervous system dysfunction? Level of consciousness LOC is the most critical clinical index of nervous system function or dysfunction. An alteration in consciousness indicates either improvement or deterioration of a person’s condition. 5. Thought and goal -oriented behaviors are functions of which area of the brain? Prefrontal lobe The prefrontal area is responsible for goal -oriented behavior such as the ability to concentrate, short -term or recall memory, and the elaboration of thought and inhibition on the limbic (emotional) areas of the CNS. 6. Where is the region responsible for the motor aspects? Broca area in the frontal lobe Broca speech area is the only region responsible for the motor aspects of speech. 7. Parkinson and Huntington diseases are associated with defects in which area of the brain? Basal ganglia 8. Maintenance of a constant internal environment and the implementation of behavioral patterns are main functions of which area of the brain? Hypothalamus Hypothalamic function falls into 2 major areas: 1) maintenance of a constant internal environment, and 2) implementation of behavioral patterns. 9. What parts of the brain mediate the expression of affect, both emotional and behavioral states? Limbic system and prefrontal cortex 10. Reflex activities concerned with heart rate, blood pressure, respirations, sneezing, swallowing, and coughing are controlled by which area of the brain? Medulla oblongata The medulla oblongata makes up the myelencephalon and is the lowest portion of the brainstem. 11. Which area of the brain assumes the responsibility for conscious and unconscious muscle synergy and for maintaining balance and posture? Cerebellum 12. The brain receives approximately what percentage of the cardiac output? 20% or 800 to 1000 ml of blood flow per minute 13. What evidence does the nurse expect to see when a patient experiences trauma to the hypothalamus? (select all that apply ) A. Uneven expression of mood B. Unstable blood glucose levels C. Poor regulation of body temperature D. Visual disturbances such as blurred vision E. N/V and symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease Uneven expression of mood, unstable blood glucose levels, and poor temp regulation The hypothalamus forms the base of the diencephalon. Hypothalamic function controls autonomic nervous system function, regulation of body temp, endocrine function (glucose levels), and regulation of emotional expression. 14. What is the first defense of our bodies? Skin and mucous membranes