Chamberlain NR 511 Midterm (100% correct answers)

What are common causes of N/V associated with gastritis? correct answers Alcohol, NSAIDs, ASA, ABX, and illicit substances What is the most common cause of nausea and vomiting? correct answers Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE) What are some manifestations of AGE? correct answers Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain. May also include fatigue, malaise, anorexia, tenesmus and borborygmus. How is the severity of AGE gauged? correct answers Dehydration secondary to profuse watery diarrhea, fever greater than 101ºF (38.3ºC), vomiting, or dysentery. What are important parts of a patient's history when AGE is suspected? correct answers Travel, dining locations, ABX history.. What happens to the pH of the stomach when antacids are taken and how does this affect bacteria? correct answers High pH can make it easier for bacteria to survive and cause and infection. How does motility of the GI tract affect bacteria colonization? correct answers Small bowel stasis as a result of obstruction, diverticulitis, or blind loop syndrome frequently develop an overgrowth of bacteria within the stagnant segment. Which immunoglobulin may protect the GI tract against invading organisms? correct answers IgA...may also help protect against a future attack by the same pathogen. Onset of N/V begin within 6 hours after exposure. Is this bacterial or viral? correct answers Bacterial: time frame suggests food poisoning resulting from the ingestion of a preformed toxin such as that of Bacillus cereus. What two indications are highly suggestive of viral AGE? correct answers Incubation periods greater than 14 hours and the initial symptom of vomiting. If a patient presents with AGE and reports bloody stools, what can be understood about the reason for blood in the stool/ correct answers Mucosal damage and inflammatory process secondary to invasive pathogens. What do frothy stools and flatus suggest? correct answers Malabsorption problem. Patients with prolonged AGE illness who are malnourished may present with edema. What is the reason? correct answers Hypoalbuminemia T or F: Chronic diarrhea usually has a noninfectious etiology. correct answers True