Community Health Exam 2- NCLEX Review WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

Twenty people attended a church picnic the previous weekend. By Monday, four individuals exhibited symptoms of food poisoning. On Tuesday, the nurse in community health records the addition of two new cases. The incidence rate would be: A.two new cases divided by 16 at risk. B.two new cases divided by 20. C.six cases divided by 20. D.four cases divided by 16. A. two new cases divided by 16 at risk. A breast cancer screening program screened 8000 women and discovered 35 women previously diagnosed with breast cancer and 20 women with no history of breast cancer diagnosed as a result of the screening. The prevalence proportion would reflect: A.current and past breast cancer events in this population of women. B.newly diagnosed cases of breast cancer in this population of women. C.past breast cancer events in this population of women. D.the population of women that had no evidence of breast cancer. A. current and past breast cancer events in this population of women. Clinical medicine and epidemiology differ from each other in the major aspect of: A.practice focus. B.health monitoring. C.determinants of health and disease. D.evaluation of interventions. A. practice focus. Nurses in community health often use epidemiology because in the community it is often difficult to control the environment. Which of the following statements demonstrates an epidemiologic strategy for monitoring disease trends? A.A nurse in community health conducts an education class for clients newly diagnosed with diabetes. B.A nurse in community health investigates a breakout of whooping cough in a local middle school. C.A nurse in community health organizes a health fair at the community health center. D.A nurse in community health participates on a county school board that addresses student health issues. B. A nurse in community health investigates a breakout of whooping cough in a local middle school. One of the basic concepts in epidemiology is the concept of risk. Risk refers to the: A.prevalence of an event occurring. B.probability that an event will occur within a specified time period. C.population most likely to develop a disease. D.rate of development of new cases. B. probability that an event will occur within a specified time period. Which of the following tools are used in analytic epidemiology? (select all that apply) A.Cohort study B.Case-control study C.Cross-sectional study D.Clinical trials E.Community trials A.Cohort study B.Case-control study C.Cross-sectional study A nurse is concerned about the accuracy of the PPD test in identifying cases of TB exposure for follow-up chest x-ray. The nurse's concern is addressing the validity measure of: A.reliability B.sensitivity C.specificity D.variation B.sensitivity A business executive develops symptoms of the flu 1 day after returning by air from a cross-Atlantic business trip that ran for 2 consecutive stressful 10-hour days. This individual's development of flu symptoms illustrates the relationship between: A.host and agent B.host, agent, and environment C.risk and causality D.morbidity and disease. B.host, agent, and environment Analytic epidemiology differs from descriptive epidemiology because it searches for: A."when" of disease patterns. B."where" of disease patterns. C."why" of disease patterns. D."who" of disease patterns. C."why" of disease patterns. A nurse in community health who teaches a client with asthma to recognize and avoid exposure to asthma triggers and assists the family in implementing specific protection strategies such as removing carpets and avoiding pets is intervening at the level of: A.assessment. B.primary prevention. C.secondary prevention. D.tertiary prevention. C.secondary prevention. According to the Minnesota Model of Public Health interventions, what is the first step of surveillance for the public health nurse? A.Organize the data. B.Analyze the data. C.Interpret and disseminate the data. D.Determine if surveillance is appropriate. D.Determine if surveillance is appropriate. What are the core competencies of the nurse participating in surveillance and investigation activities? (Select all that apply.) A.Basic patient assessment skills B.Effective communication skills C.Ability to collaborate with community partners D.Advanced practice nurse with secondary science degree E.Leadership and systems thinking B.Effective communication skills Correct C.Ability to collaborate with community partners E.Leadership and systems thinking The hospital infection control practitioner reports new cases of tuberculosis to the public health department. Of what type of surveillance system is this an example? A.Passive B.Active C.Sentinel D.Special A.Passive Which of the following systems of surveillance is used to monitor trends in commonly occurring diseases? A.Active B.Passive C.Sentinel D.Syndronic C.Sentinel What is the purpose of using an algorithm in the surveillance process? A.Tells the nurse who to call in the event of an outbreak B.Provides the nurse with a step by step plan to identify events needing investigation C.Provides the nurse with a system for telephone triage in an outbreak D.It is a visual reminder of the epidemiological triangle B.Provides the nurse with a step by step plan to identify events needing investigation A disease outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome has occurred and has spread over several countries outside the United States. This level of occurrence is said to be: A.hyperendemic. B.sporadic. C.epidemic. D.pandemic. D.pandemic. What are the purposes of disease surveillance in public health? (Select all that apply.) A.Tries to identify terrorist attacks before they occur B.Provides a means for nurses to monitor disease trends C.Generates knowledge about disease or outbreak patterns D.Allows the nurse to advocate for policy changes E.Reduces morbidity and mortality and improves health through disease trend monitoring B.Provides a means for nurses to monitor disease trends C.Generates knowledge about disease or outbreak patterns E.Reduces morbidity and mortality and improves health through disease trend monitoring