ONS CHEMO/BIO questions & answers 2023

ONS CHEMO/BIO questions & answers 2023Aklylating Agents -Cyclophosphamide -Cisplatin -Carboplatin -Oxaliplatin Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) Alkylating agent (cytotoxic antineoplastic) Kills rapidly growing cells by interrupting DNA/RNA synthesis Can cause bone marrow suppression, N/V, acute hemorrhagic cystitis*, alopecia Aggressive hydration pre and post infusion Cisplatin Vesicant Severe n/v Renal failure (hydration and electrolyte replacement) Ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy Carboplatin Irritant Calculated dose with AUC Anaphylactic events have been noted Alopecia Myelosuppression Oxaliplatin Treat like vesicant Part of FOLFOX (5FU, Leucovorin, Oxali) for colorectal Pregnancy risk factor D -- Pulmonary fibrosis, hepatotoxicity, sensoral peripheral neuropathy (acute and long acting) Antimetabolites Interfere at cell cycle in 'S' PHASE 5-fluorouracil Azacitidine Capecitabine Cytarabine Fludarabine Hydroxyurea Leucovorin Methotrexate Methotrexate Not irritant or vesicant IV, IM, IT, IA Can be used to treat RA Acute: arachnoiditis (after IT), pneumonitis Serious: renal failure/azotemia (increase BUN/CR, decrease UO) Other: use with Leucovorin and hydration to protect kidneys 5FU Not a vesicant or irritant Contraindicated: poor nutritional status, depressed bone marrow function, infection Acute: severe diarrhea, mucositis, Serious: CARDIAC ie MI, arrhythmias, angina, hypotension *Given with leucovorin... increases risk for diarrhea and mucositis Antitumor Antibiotics Bleomycin Dactinomycin Mitomycin Mitoxantrone Anthracyclines Daunorubicin Doxorubicin Epirubicin Idarubicin