HSA 3150 Review Questions And Answers 2023

HSA 3150 Review Questions And Answers 2023 A policy described as "allocative" seeks to distribute goods and resources to one group at the expense of others. Historically, food consumption and physical activity have been viewed as inappropriate subjects for government regulation. true Which of the following is an example of an Allocative policy? Medicaid The primary reason to develop a health policy is to enhance health and/or support people in their quest for good health. Which of the following is a determinant of health? a. genetic makeup b. lifestyles and behaviors c. physical environment d. utilization of health services e. a and b are determinants of health f. all of the above are determinants of health all of the above are determinants of health market-entry restrictions and price regulations are types of regulatory policies health policy interventions in diseases that are behaviorally caused or exacerbated have focused on efforts to influence behavior through education Structurally and operationally, the healthcare market works very much like a perfectly competitive economic market. false "healthcare disparities" are best defined as differences in variables such as access, insurance, coverage, and quality of services received. The amount of health policy related information available to individual consumers has decreased in the last decade. false Which of the following statements concerning the United States Congress is FALSE? a. The Legislative Branch of the federal government consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate, which together form the United States Congress. b. All legislative power in the federal government is vested in Congress, meaning that it is the only part of the government that can make new laws or change existing laws. c. Congress has the sole power to interpret the law, determine the constitutionality of the law, and apply it to individual cases. d. In order to pass legislation and send it to the President for his signature, both the House and the Senate must pass the same bill by majority vote. Congress has the sole power to interpret the law, determine the constitutionality of the law, and apply it to individual cases. Criticisms of the pluralistic approach to policymaking include: a. Government seems more concerned with keeping the interest groups happy than doing what is best for the nation as a whole. b. Interest groups have become too influential in the policy-making process. c. Trying to satisfy all the various interest groups leads to contradiction and confusion in the policymaking process. d. All of the above. all of the above Which of the following statements is true? policies are frequently established that favor current voters, but impose costs on future generations US Supreme Court justices are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate Individual citizens, health related organizations and interest groups may propose ideas for the development of legislation as guaranteed by the First Amendment. true The relationship between federal and state governments is constantly changing. true Who can be a demander of public policy? anyone State governments regulate all of the following EXCEPT medicare Though millions of Americans vote in a presidential election every four years, the President is not, in fact, directly elected by the people. true The public policymaking process is not influenced by external factors. false Hill-Burton was an act of Congress that provided funding for construction and renovation of medical facilities The era of dual federalism was characterized by a clash between states' rights and the national government's power. The grant-in-aid approach of the federal government is a way for the federal government to get the states to act in particular ways. In the United States, the term federalism means the federal and state governments are different sovereign powers that govern the same people, but with different responsibilities. The federal government issues licenses to doctors and hospitals because it has concurrent jurisdiction with the states. false Which of the following is not a power left to the state governments in the Constitution? power to regulate interstate commerce Which of the following is not a power delegated to the federal government in the Constitution? power to establish public schools Permitting states to pursue different approaches to the administration of federal-state cooperative programs such as Medicaid and the Affordable Care Act creates an unequal availability of services across the states. Which of the following is not an area of federal legislative interest? licensure of tong-term care facilities Which of the following characterizes the era of cooperative federalism? a. enactment of the Social Security Act of 1935 b. the "grant-in-aid" approach from the federal government to the states c. enactment of the Hill-Burton legislation d. all of the above all of the above Individual citizens, health related organizations, and interest groups may propose ideas for the development of legislation as guaranteed by the First Amendment. true Punctuated equilibrium theorizes that policymaking occurs in small incremental steps, disrupted by bursts of rapid transformation. What marks the transition from policy formulation to policy implementation in the policymaking process? enactment of legislation At which point do the decisions made in policymaking become final? There is always the potential to change policies. Policy should seek to minimize harm to society as a whole. This is an example of which ethical principle? nonmaleficence In agenda setting, the window of opportunity is created by the optimal interaction of problems, possible solutions, and political circumstances. Evaluating, designing, operating, and rulemaking are all elements of which policymaking phase? implementation phase Which ethical principles are defined as "seeking to do good" and "doing no harm"? Beneficence and nonmaleficence Which of the following is a real-world example of the ethical decision-making principle of respect for autonomy? advanced directives Environmental health policies are Typically created in response to a build-up of real-world evidence of environmental health hazards Health policies may take which of the following forms? a. laws b. rules/regulations c. judicial decisions d. all of the above all of the above A new health policy will impact all individuals in the same manner. false Who is responsible for the day-to-day enforcement and administration of federal laws? The Cabinet and independent federal agencies By federal law, public policies may not conflict with each other. false Two important demographic valuables affecting health policy are the changing age structure of the U.S. population and the growing racial and ethnical diversity Interest groups are not especially powerful in influencing policymaking. false In the process of developing a health policy, the demographics of the population are considered Resources related to the availability of and access to health services that are heavily influenced by health policies include a. money b. technology c. human resources d. a and b e. all of the above. all of the above Which of the following branches of government can be suppliers of health policies? a. Legislative branch b. Executive branch c. Judicial branch d. All of the above all of the above The model that is based on the idea that real political power in the United States is concentrated among a small proportion of the population that controls the country's key institutions and organizations, and most of its wealth, is know as the the Elitist perspective State level polices vary from state to state due to all of the following EXCEPT Whether or not the state has a health department How many years are the terms for members of the U.S House of Representatives and Senate? House-2 Senate-6 Criticisms of the pluralistic approach to policymaking include: a. The government seems more concerned with keeping the interest groups happy than doing what is best for the nation as a whole. b. Interest groups have become too influential in the policy-making process. c. Trying to satisfy all the various interest groups leads to contradiction and confusion in the policymaking process. d. a and c. e. All of the above. all of the above Political power that comes from an individual's relative position in a social system, organization, or group is known as legitimate power Permitting states to pursue different approaches to the administration of federal-state cooperative programs such as Medicaid and the Affordable Care Act creates an unequal availability of services across the states States can get waivers from the federal government to modify their Medicaid programs. true The president vetoes a bill that has passed in both the House and Senate. Which of the following could happen next? Congress can override the veto with a two-thirds vote in each chamber. Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic types of legislation? negotiated resolution Policy implementation is primarily a management undertaking. true Policy formulation includes setting the policy agenda and developing legislation. ture for whom does the health policymaking process have consequences? a. individual consumers b. health professionals c. healthcare organizations d. all of the above all of the above about what potion of the spending on the health in the US is sourced from government (public) funds? about 50% in the process of developing a health policy, the demographies of the population are considered educational institutions, insurance companies, pharmaceutical companies, and medical supply companies are secondary provider organizations federal judges, who are nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate, hold their office for life tenure, or until they resign, die, or are impeached and convicted by Congress though millions of Americans vote in a presidential election every 4 years, the President not, in fact, directly elected by the people true having influence in policy markets depends on possession of: a. legitimate and reward power b. reward and coercive power c. expert and referent power d. all of the above all of the above at which point do the decisions made in policymaking become final? there is always the potential to change policies in the US, health policy is made at which levels of government? a. local b. state c. federal d. all levels all 3 levels which of the following is a real-world example of the ethical decision-making principle of respect for autonomy? advanced directions decisions made in the public sector differ from those made in the private sector due to the political circumstances what makes the policymaking process an open system? the process both affects and is affected by factors in the external environment which amendment states that all powers not explicitly granted to the federal government are reserved for state governments? 10th amendment the constitution's supremacy clause has the effect of ensuring that federal laws preempt state laws regulating the same subject "policy power" is defined as the power of states to regulate a wide range of areas to protect their citizens A key way that federal courts differ from state courts is that state courts have general jurisdiction over a wide range of cases punctuated equilibrium theorizes that policy occurs in small incremental steps, disrupted by bursts of rapid transformation the concept that each branch of government possesses particular strengths and weaknesses relevant to policymaking is referred to as institutional competence compilation of all the nations laws the United State's code central purpose of health policy is to enhance and/or support people in their quest for good health By law, policies related to the federal budget and the reduction of deficits may not modify other policies. false the amount of health policy related information available to individual consumers has decreased in the last decade false on any given health issue the executive branch typically presents a more unified position compared to the legislative branch. In the eyes of the public, members of which branch of government generally bear more responsibility for the state of the economy? executive organizations that offer a continuum of health care services are known as integrated delivery system civil servants tend to make policy related decisions based on preserving the well-being of their agency each year, congress sets constraints on overall spending and spending by groups of programs/activities. these spending constraints are contained in a concurrent resolution who has the most power to initiate the modification of policies? chief executive