Biology 210-Genetics Test 1 with complte solution

DNA Deoxyribose nucleic acid molecule of life THE genetic material How many chromosomes are in the human body? How many pairs? Chromosomes=46 Pairs=23 What is the Central Dogma of Biology? DNA -- transcription --RNA --translation --protein Genetics study of heredity and variation centered on genes Gene unit of heredity information contained within DNA codes for an RNA (messengerRNA, transferRNA, ribosomalRNA) Trait a characteristic an organism displays haploid one set of chromosomes (n) ex. human gametes diploid two sets of chromosomes (2n) Classes of Macromolecules protein, lipid, carbohydrate, nucleic acid **Protein -monomer? -polymer monomer-amino acids polymer-polypeptide Carbohydrates -monomer -polymer monomer-simple sugar (monosaccharides) polymer- polysaccharides Lipid -monomer -polymer monomer-glycerol, fatty acids polymer-fatty acid/steroids/phospholipids Nucleic Acids -monomer -polymer monomer-nulceotide polymer-DNA & RNA How many amino acids are needed for a cell to function? 20 What do amino acids depend on to react? Depends on acidity, basicity, and polarity (polar or non polar) Amino acids are in an aqueous solution, so they have to interact with... water and each other