HIST1301 - TTC - EXAM 1 2023 with 100% questions and answers

Bering Strait What is it? What does it do? Why it is significant? 1. A body of water that frozen during the Ice Age 2. Connect 2 pieces of continent ( Siberia and N.America) 3. Asiatic descent traveled from Siberia for chasing and hunting - Native American Tenochitlan (Mexico City) 1. The capital of the Aztecs 2. In the middle of the lake, using the lake like a moat to protect the city 3. A prove of capital show they have civilization - advanced government Inca Kingdom 1. Modern day Peru ( Andes Mountains ) 2. Located in high altitude with low O2 level: people live in here have more advantanges comparing to the invader 3. Protect the head and the leader of the goverment ( proove of advanced goverment and civilization) Pueblo Bonita 1. A construction of Hopi and Zuni natives in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico 2. With perfect circular structures = Advanced building technique and architecture The great council 1. The council of 5 representatives of 5 Iroquois people 2. A meeting of Native American to discuss the matters that affect their Five Nation 3. Republic Government like us Matrilineal 1. relating to a social system in which family descent and inheritance rights are traced through the mother 2. They believe women is similar to Earth give life and noursish Caravel 1. A small, easily steerable ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in their explorations 2. Easy to navigate 3. sastified the way to get to Asia - exposed European to African system of salvery ( due to the trading port on the western coast of Africa ) Reconquista 1. The retaking of the Iberian Peninsula by Spanish forces from the Moors. It was completed in 1492 by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain 2. Spain wanted to follow Portugual to go to Asia but in a different route, so they sponsored Columbus to find a new route. Columbian Exchange The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages. Northwest Passage 1. the mythical northern water route through North America to the Pacific Ocean 2. want to cut thru America to collect gold and silver and to Asia for spicies 3. The avenue encouraged French explore the New World Samuel de Champlain (France) sporsored by a French fur-trading company established Quebec. First permanent French colony in America = Est. French present in the New World Henry Hudson (1609) An English explorer who explored for the Dutch. He claimed the Hudson River around present day New York and called it New Netherland. He also had the Hudson Bay named for him = The Dutch now present in the NWorld joint-stock company 1. A company made up of a group of shareholders. Each shareholder contributes some money to the company and receives some share of the company's profits and debts. 2. Find a way to purchase voyaye to go to the NWorld Jamestown The first permanent English settlement in North America, found in East Virginia 1607 This would be the 1st sucessful English settlement in the NWorld Social Crisis in England A worsening economy and the enclosure movement led to an increase in the number of poor and to a social crisis in late 16th century Unruly poor were encouraged to leave England for the New World. Masterless Men Those without regular jobs or otherwise outside the control of their social superiors. Lure them to the NWorld with the promise of gold, silver and land. The English increasingly viewed America as a land where a man could control his own labor and thus gain economic independence, particularly through the ownership of land. Indentured Servants People who could not afford passage to the colonies could become indentured servants. Another person would pay their passage, and in exchange, the indentured servant would serve that person for a set length of time (usually seven years) and then would be free. = Without can not have the labour force that will help substain settlement in NW tigh with Merchantilist System - the back bone of early economy Headright System Headrights were parcels of land consisting of about 50 acres which were given to colonists who brought indentured servants into America. They were used by the Virginia Company to attract more colonists. = This will stablize the population of the Chesapeake. Create a foundation for plantation system. Calvert 1. Calvert is the 1st Baron Baltimore, an English politician and colonial administrator. 2. A catholic who escape to the New World from the Anglican church in English. 3. Refuge to Maryland for religiuous freedom, harmony between Catholic and Anglican Pilgrims Group of English Protestant dissenters who established Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts in 1620 to seek religious freedom after having lived briefly in the Netherlands. They believed that only physical and ideological seperations can purify the church Mayflower Compact 1620 - The first agreement for self-government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony. The first written frame of government in what is known as US Roger Williams He founded Rhode Island for separation of Church and State. He believed that the Puritans were too powerful and was ordered to leave the Massachusetts Bay Colony for his religious beliefs in 1636. He wanted to seperate Church and State Government = upset the religious leader cuz causing them to lose their power. Anne Hutchinson A Puritan woman who was well learned that disagreed with the Puritan Church in Massachusetts Bay Colony. Her actions resulted in her banishment from the colony, and later took part in the formation of Rhode Island. She displayed the importance of questioning authority. Magna Carta (1215) Document listed a series of liberties granted by the King to all the freemen of the realm = If the King violate these liberties, he can be overthrown by the Baron English Civil War () Armed conflict between royalists and parliamentarians, resulting in the victory of pro-Parliament forces and the execution of Charles I. This is the time they challenged the Throne for freedom and they know they can do it. Merchantilist System 1. Is the economic system between mother countries and colonies 2. In this system, the role of the colonies was to serve the interest of the mother country by producing marketable raw material and import manufactured goods from them. 3. This will create conflict due to exploiting people = colonies revolke Headlight system in Carolina 1. generous, giving 150 arces, 100 arces out of that to an indentured servant who completed their term. 2. Positive for colonies and plantation but negative for the mother country 3. This will stablize the region of Carolina and will be a FIRST reason for massive importation of African slaves ( dont need to give out land to slave) William Penn 1. A Quaker that founded Pennsylvania to establish a place where his people and others could live in peace and be free from persecution. 2. Penn owned all the colony's land and sold it toe settler at low price 3. The freedom and cheap land in Penn. attrached I.Servants = cause the decline in Virginia and Maryland = desire for IMPORTATION OF AFRICAN SLAVE Bacon's Rebellion (1676) Rebellion of discontent former landless servants led by Nathaniel Bacon = burn down Jamestown Historical Significance: Led to a move from indentured servants to African slaves for labor purposes in Virginia Virginia Law of 1662 Economic strategy which created a legal system in which children born to slave mothers would be slaves for life regardless of the fathers status and race. = Sexual abuse of slaves would become profitable = legalized sexual abuse of slaves Glorious Revolution 1. the overthrow of King James II of England by a union of English Parliamentarians 2. Enacted the Bill of right which gave them control over taxes and gave people the right to trial by jury Triangular Trade and the Middle Passage 1. A system in which goods and slaves were traded among the Americas, Britain, and Africa 2. It will make mother country rich, satisfied Mercantilist system Kidnapping of African people by another African with a lot of risks, difficults, only the strong survive = bring slave to America John Peter Zenger Trial He published articles critical of British governor William Cosby. He was taken to trial, but found not guilty. The trial set a precedent for freedom of the press in the colonies. Great Awakening Religious revival in the American colonies of the eighteenth century during which a number of new Protestant churches were established. = foundation of freedom of religious French and Indian War (Seven Years' War) Nine-year war between the British and the French in North America. It resulted in the expulsion of the French from the North American mainland and helped spark the Seven Years' War in Europe. William Pitt The Prime Minister of England during the French and Indian War. He increased the British troops and military supplies in the colonies, and this is why England won the war. = reinforced the unity of the colonies Pontiac's Rebellion A 1763 conflict between Native Americans and the British over settlement of Indian lands in the Great Lakes area = 2000 settlers and soliders died = The English need to stablize relations with the Nativeand keep regular troop stationed to secure the frontier Proclamation of 1763 A proclamation from the British government which forbade British colonists from settling west of the Appalacian Mountains, and which required any settlers already living west of the mountains to move back east = The colonist fought hard for land but this proclamation creat conflict since they still have to send material to homeland but less access with land. Add or Remove Terms